Sensation and perception are discussed. Sensation is the meaningless response of sensory organs to environmental stimuli like light and sound waves. Perception involves combining sensations to form meaningful sensory experiences like seeing a chair or hearing a guitar. Transduction is the process where sensory organs change stimuli into electrical signals in the brain. Adaptation is the decreasing response of senses with continuous stimulation like clothes on skin. Psychopathology studies mental illness and distress. Common psychological disorders include neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed in childhood, anxiety disorders involving excessive fear and worry, dissociative disorders interrupting consciousness, depressive disorders with sad moods, and schizophrenia affecting thinking, feelings, and behavior.

1. Sensation And Perception
Created By: Hafiz M Imran

2. Sensation
• The response of our sensitive organs to an environment is called sensation.
• It is meaningless Information.
• Meaningless response to any environmental response.
• Eyes detecting light waves.
• Ears Detecting Sound waves.

3. Perception
• Perception are meaningful sensory experience that result after the brain
combines hundreds of sensations.
• Seeing a chair.
• Hearing a Guitar.
• Sound of fans.

4. Transduction
• It is a process in which sensory organs change the chemical energy into
electrical energy.
• Yours ears receive energy(Sound waves) and transduce this energy into neural
message and our mind response it.

5. Adaptation
• Adaptation refers to the decreasing response of the sense organs, the more
they are exposed to a continuous level of stimulation.
• The continuous stimulation of glasses, jewelry, or clothes on your skin results
in adaptation.

6. Psychopathology
• Psychopathology is a term which refers to either the study of mental illness or
mental distress or the manifestation of behaviors and experiences.
• A neuroscientist may focus on brain changes related to mental illness.

7. List of Psychological Disorder
• Neurodevelopmental disorders
• Anxiety Disorder
• Dissociative Disorder
• Depressive Disorder
• Schizophrenia Disorder

8. List of Psychological Disorder(Continue)
• Neurodevelopmental disorders are those that are typically diagnosed during
infancy, childhood, or adolescence.
• Emotional issues, like irritability.
• Social concerns, like failure to maintain eye contact.
• Learning problems, such as dyslexia.

9. List of Psychological Disorder(Continue)
Anxiety disorders are those that are characterized by excessive and
persistent fear, worry, anxiety and related behavioral disturbances.
• Heart palpitations Dry mouth Nausea
• Panic, fear, and uneasiness
• Sleep problems

10. List of Psychological Disorder(Continue)
• Dissociative disorders are psychological disorders that involve a dissociation or
interruption in aspects of consciousness, including identity and memory.
• Significant memory loss of specific times, people and events
• Mental health problems such as depression, anxiety and thoughts of suicide
• A lack of sense of self-identity

11. List of Psychological Disorder(Continue)
• Depressive disorders are a type of mood disorder that include a number of
conditions. They are all characterized by the presence of sad, empty, or
irritable moods.
• Feelings of sadness, tearfulness, emptiness or hopelessness.
• Angry outbursts, irritability or frustration

12. List of Psychological Disorder(Continue)
• Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition that affects a person’s
thinking, feeling, and behavior.
• Disorganized thinking (speech).
• Extremely disorganized or abnormal motor behavior.

13. Thank You
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