Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by withdrawal from social interactions, disorganized perception and thought, and distorted reality. It involves splitting or disintegration of personality and symptoms like suspiciousness, fear, inability to trust senses or others' motives, and voices/smells. It has positive symptoms like hallucinations and delusions and negative symptoms like lack of motivation and social withdrawal. Schizophrenia is influenced by heredity, psychology, and socio-cultural factors. There are four main types: simple (apathy), hebephrenic (childishness), catatonic (underactivity), and paranoid (suspiciousness). Treatment involves chemotherapy, psychosocial approaches, and community support

1. SCHIZOPHRENIA

2. Schizophrenia is the descriptive term for a group of psychotic
disorders characterized by :-
Withdrawal from
social interactions
Disorganization &
fragmentation of
perception,
thought &
emotion.
Gross distortion of
reality

3. Schizophrenia is marked by splitting
or disintegration of personality

4. Symptoms of Schizophrenia
• The individual is :-
Suspicious
Frightened
Cannot trust his
own senses nor the
motives of other Voices annoy him ,
unpleasant odors choke
him , food has no taste,
continuous fear of his
destruction & becomes
seclusive.

5. Schizophrenia
Breakdown of
perpetual filtering
Disorganization of
thought & emotion
Anxiety &
Panic
Delusions &
Hallucinations
Withdrawal from reality

6. Positive & Negative symptoms
• Positive symptoms - “ things added to a person that
should not be there.”
ex- HALLUCINATIONS & small DELUSIONS
• Negative symptoms - “things taken away from a
person that should be there.”
eg- LACK OF MOTIVATION & SOCIAL WITHDRAWAL.

7. PREDISPOSING FACTORS
HEREDITY PSYCHOLOGICAL
FACTOR
GENERAL
SOCIO-CULTURAL
FACTORS

8. TYPES OF
SCHIZOPHRENIA

9. 1) SIMPLE TYPE
OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
•The key symptom is APATHY.
• Remain in bed totally inactive
•Neglect personal hygiene
•Motor responses are sluggish
•Lack motivation

10. 2) Hebephrenic type of
schizophrenia
• Emotional shallowness
• Childish silliness
• Bizarre delusions and hallucinations
• Giggling spells with alternate outburst of anger
• Talking or smiling to themselves or with
imaginary persons

11. 3) Catatonic type of schizophrenia
Most common reaction in catatonic
type is ‘CATATONIC STUPOR’ or
UNDERACTIVITY.
Mild Catatonic type Extreme Catatonic type
• Expressionless face
• Assistance in dressing & eating
• Assume peculiar postures
• Bed ridden
• Mute, inaccessible & helpless
• Unclean & refuse to eat
• Appear completely Isolated

12. 4) Paranoid type of schizophrenia
• Suspicious, sensitive & egocentric
• Imagine people maltreating them or plotting against
them
• Hear enemies calling their names & threatening
them
• They see faces at night, taste poison in food etc.

13. TREATMENT of
SCHIZOPHRENIA
CHEMOTHERAPY PSYCHOSOCIAL COMMUNITY
APPROACH TREATMENT
Major Anti Anti anxiety outpatient socio
Tranquilizers depressants drugs clinics therapy
Forms of psychotherapy

14. CONCLUSION
BY
Vandana Cecil
B.A. III