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Selling Quality to
 Management: How to Get
 Management Buy-In to New
                                     April 30th, 2012
 Quality Initiatives



Featuring Guest Speaker:
Brien Palmer, InterLINK Management
Consulting


Hosted by:
IBS America
THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
2
IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Brien Palmer

                Quality and Management Consultant for
                20+ years

                “Economic Case for Quality” team leader
                (Pittsburgh pilot run)

                Past chair of American Society for Quality,
                Pittsburgh chapter

                CoREM Board trustee
                Managing Principal in InterLINK
                Management Consulting


                                                                       3
                            IBS Overview        THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Agenda


  Current Situation
  How Executives Think
  How to “Sell” Ideas
  Focusing on Business: Using a Business Case
  Selling Ideas to Your Organization
  Gaining Comfort Around Top Management
  Q&A




                               IBS Overview      THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
The Business Case for This Webinar

 1. Why should we do this?
 To facilitate Quality principles in service to our
 organizations and our careers.

 2. What if we did NOT do it?
 Our good ideas would not get implemented, hurting the
 organization and frustrating ourselves.

 3. What do we want when we finish?
 Skills in “selling” Quality ideas to our organizations,
 resulting in better performance, competitive success,
 and more-skilled Quality professionals



                                                                       5
                            IBS Overview         THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Some Crazy-Bad Projects

  1. No customer input, no project plan, schedule
     accountability, no priorities, managed by the vendor,
     no sponsorship, no attempt to create acceptance by
     the user community, and no forum for dissent or
     criticism. (People talked to me, but would not speak
     up in meetings.)

  2. Manager (founder’s daughter) would not talk to
     consultants, would not address her role in the process,
     would not agree on work rules.




                                                                        6
                             IBS Overview         THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Current State


 Technical Skills vs. Interpersonal Skills

 How Decisions Really Get Made

 Business and Personal Costs of Poor Management-communication
 Skills




                                                                        7
                                  IBS Overview    THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
You Need TWO Things




 1. A Worthy                         1. The Ability to
      Idea                            SELL the Idea




                      IBS Overview          THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
How NOT to do it


   Point out a problem and walk away.

   Focus on regulatory requirements but not business needs.

   Never leave the department.

   Over-use “jargon”.

   Avoid senior managers.




                                                                          9
                              IBS Overview           THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
How TO do it


  Become Project Manager of your idea
  Work with Other People.
    Get a management sponsor

    Create teams, partnerships, alliances, etc.
  Understand your Management and put your idea in
  their context
    Their Objectives
    Business Case
    Cost/Benefits (ROI)
    Building Organizational Consensus
                                                                              10
                                        IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
How Executives Think


  Big Picture vs. Department or Project Focus

  Intuition vs. Analysis

  Quick Action vs. Ducks in a Row

  Boldness vs. Caution

  Extraversion vs. Introversion

  “The Language of Business”




                                                                       11
                                   IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Economic Case for Quality:
What Sways CEOs?




     89%
                      78%                       73%               51%


   #1: Conversation   #2: Testimonials       #3: A Case Study   #4: Competitor’s
    with peer CEO                                               Financial Returns




                                                                                           12
                                     IBS Overview                    THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
“Economic Case for Quality” Resources


 www.makinggoodgreat.org


 www.asq.org/economic-case/


 What Do CEOs Think About
 Quality? Quality Progress
 Magazine, May 2004

 Making the Economic Case
 for Quality, by John Ryan
 (ASQ White Paper)



                                              13
                               IBS Overview    THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
How to Quantify Cost Benefits


 Use internal CFO resources
     Share assumptions and invite participation

     Offer to do a pilot run, then measure results

     Let your Financial people talk




                                                                           14
                                       IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Building the Business Case

 1) Why should we do this?

 2) What if we did NOT do it?

 3) What do we want when we finish?




                                                                    15
                                IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Business Case Considerations

 Address why any action is necessary. (If this is not clear, why
 bother doing anything?)

 Emphasize the costs of NOT doing the thing. (People will
 automatically focus on the costs of doing it.)

 Focus on the outcomes, not the process




                                                                             16
                                IBS Overview            THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Uses of the Business Case:


 In selling ideas to executive teams
 In meetings where you have prepared a coalition of supporters
 At the beginning of a presentation, in order to reconnect with the
 reasons for the project




                                                                             17
                                IBS Overview            THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Sample Business Case:


 We waste a lot of time getting approval for small parts during
 product development. We’d like to authorize each engineer to
 spend $100 without signature.

 If we don’t do this, we’ll risk more delays in product development.

 With a $100 limit, we will still have protection, but we’ll eliminate
 many delays.




                                                                                 18
                                  IBS Overview              THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Practice in BUILDING A SIMPLE BUSINESS CASE: a speed
exercise


   Think of a Real Quality Idea You Have. Examples:
           Create an employee suggestion system
           Qualify the company to an ISO standard
           Track certain quality metrics
           Introducing a corrective action/preventive action system
           Survey employees re: effectiveness of work processes
           Do a kaizen or a lean blitz in a particular area
           Posting visible metrics in the work areas
           Track and analyze problems on a regular basis. (e.g., material review board)
           Introduce standardized work processes and procedures


   Jot It Down

   Consider the Following:
        1) Why should we do this?

                                            IBS Overview                   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Selling Ideas


   The Connotations of “Selling”

   “Why Should Anybody Care?” Tune in to WII-FM

   Use the Language of Business




                                                   20
                                IBS Overview        THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Principles of Consultative Selling

 Helping the Executive, from their perspective (not yours)

 Think “Pull”, not “Push”

 Trust and Selling




                                                      21
                                IBS Overview            THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Selling Ideas Across an Organization

 Gather like-minded colleagues and form a group (formal team or
 ad hoc working group)


 Get a management sponsor


 Plan informal meetings with a critical mass of people:
 stakeholders, experts, and decision-makers.


 Keep meetings exploratory. Use probing questions. Get their
 opinions.


 Refine your proposal based on feedback.
                              IBS Overview            THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Tools for Organizational Interviews


  Use your business case to form an “elevator speech” that:
       Highlights the problem and current pain

       Outlines your solution

       Explains your plan to get organizational acceptance
                                                                                        by
                                                                                  ice
                                                                          sp ract rs
                                                                        ake embe
        Takes only 60-90 seconds
                                                                       t
                                                                  This am m
                                                                      te
  Ask probing questions
  Ask for their opinion and input




                                                   IBS Overview                THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Some Goals of Organizational Interviews

  Test the idea across several departments
  See how people feel about it.
  Ask for advice and help.
  Gain ownership on their part, if possible.
  See how opponents can be influenced.




                                   IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Presenting to Management




                    IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
What are the Challenges?


                 You are exposing yourself to people who could
                 affect your career.

                 Senior Managers can be impatient, brusque
                 and blunt.

                 It is hard to get and keep their attention.

                 The topic probably means a great deal to you
                 but less to them.


                 They can ask questions that exceed your area
                 of expertise.


                          IBS Overview              THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Planning the Management Presentation (1 of 3)
• Before the presentation, BE PREPARED!
  Previously engage a majority of the decision
  makers.

• Know Your Audience, and shape your message
  to them.

• Prepare a quick-hit business case (less than
  one minute) and START with this slide.

• Use a human narrative, especially under “What
  if we did NOT do this”
     • Illustrate with anecdotes and stories.
     • Make it interesting, not just technical.




                                     IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Planning the Management Presentation (2 of 3)

 Emphasize why this is important.

 Tell them that you will ask for their
  action.

 Make major points. Illustrate with
  human narratives (stories) whenever
  possible.

 Use graphics whenever possible too
  illustrate data.

 Stay strategic (i.e., high-level). For
  detail, offer handouts, hip-pocket slides
  and/or the big honkin’ book.


                                  IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Planning the Management Presentation (3 of 3)

   Try to set a theme that you use throughout.

   Move briskly. If you did your job well, you are reiterating
   information, not presenting it for the first time.


   Plan to end at 20-30 minutes, with a summary, and a call to
   action.


   Review your presentation and your meeting plan with your
   sponsor, especially on how to handle objections.




                                 IBS Overview             THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Maintaining Your Poise

                      Remember, people want you to succeed.

                      Rehearse your talk. Consider a dry run.

                      Consider memorizing your introductory
                         slides. (After the first couple of minutes,
                         you will get past your nervousness.)


                      When practicing, use positive imagery, like
                         professional athletes.


                      Remember, you will have done your job.
                         Now, its their job.


                      Breathe!
                         IBS Overview               THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
DURING the Presentation

• At the beginning, announce that you would like a decision.


• Finish your presentation at about 20-30 minutes (not at 60 minutes.)


• ASK for the decision.


• Handle questions and objections in accordance with position and
  expertise.


• Let your sponsor play a role.



                                  IBS Overview           THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Learning Comfort Around Top
Management
 What Causes Discomfort around Managers?




                                            32
                            IBS Overview     THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Strategies for Developing Comfort

 Practice

 Assignments and Projects

 Develop Coalitions

 Use Outsiders and Surrogates

 Questions and Active Listening

 The Value of Discomfort




                                                33
                                 IBS Overview    THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Thoughts to Take Away

 Become Project Manager of your idea
 Work with Other People.
    Get a management sponsor

    Create teams, partnerships, alliances, etc.

 Understand your Management and put your idea in their context
    Their Objectives

    Business Case

    Cost/Benefits (ROI)

    Building Organizational Consensus

                                                                                 34
                                             IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
Thank You! Questions?




                  IBS Overview   THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
For Further Information…

  Making Change Work: Practical Tools for Overcoming Human
  Resistance to Change, by Brien Palmer. Published by ASQ’s Quality
  Press

  The Case for Quality—Taking it to Management. Webinar
  sponsored by ASQ.

  Selling Quality to Management: How to Get Management Buy-In to Qu
  , IBS America-Sponsored Whitepaper written by Brien Palmer




                              IBS Overview            THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE

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Selling Quality to Management: How to Get Management Buy-In to New Quality Initiatives

  • 1. Selling Quality to Management: How to Get Management Buy-In to New April 30th, 2012 Quality Initiatives Featuring Guest Speaker: Brien Palmer, InterLINK Management Consulting Hosted by: IBS America THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 2. 2 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 3. Brien Palmer  Quality and Management Consultant for 20+ years  “Economic Case for Quality” team leader (Pittsburgh pilot run)  Past chair of American Society for Quality, Pittsburgh chapter  CoREM Board trustee  Managing Principal in InterLINK Management Consulting 3 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 4. Agenda  Current Situation  How Executives Think  How to “Sell” Ideas  Focusing on Business: Using a Business Case  Selling Ideas to Your Organization  Gaining Comfort Around Top Management  Q&A IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 5. The Business Case for This Webinar 1. Why should we do this? To facilitate Quality principles in service to our organizations and our careers. 2. What if we did NOT do it? Our good ideas would not get implemented, hurting the organization and frustrating ourselves. 3. What do we want when we finish? Skills in “selling” Quality ideas to our organizations, resulting in better performance, competitive success, and more-skilled Quality professionals 5 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 6. Some Crazy-Bad Projects 1. No customer input, no project plan, schedule accountability, no priorities, managed by the vendor, no sponsorship, no attempt to create acceptance by the user community, and no forum for dissent or criticism. (People talked to me, but would not speak up in meetings.) 2. Manager (founder’s daughter) would not talk to consultants, would not address her role in the process, would not agree on work rules. 6 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 7. Current State  Technical Skills vs. Interpersonal Skills  How Decisions Really Get Made  Business and Personal Costs of Poor Management-communication Skills 7 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 8. You Need TWO Things 1. A Worthy 1. The Ability to Idea SELL the Idea IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 9. How NOT to do it  Point out a problem and walk away.  Focus on regulatory requirements but not business needs.  Never leave the department.  Over-use “jargon”.  Avoid senior managers. 9 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 10. How TO do it  Become Project Manager of your idea  Work with Other People.  Get a management sponsor  Create teams, partnerships, alliances, etc.  Understand your Management and put your idea in their context  Their Objectives  Business Case  Cost/Benefits (ROI)  Building Organizational Consensus 10 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 11. How Executives Think  Big Picture vs. Department or Project Focus  Intuition vs. Analysis  Quick Action vs. Ducks in a Row  Boldness vs. Caution  Extraversion vs. Introversion  “The Language of Business” 11 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 12. Economic Case for Quality: What Sways CEOs? 89% 78% 73% 51% #1: Conversation #2: Testimonials #3: A Case Study #4: Competitor’s with peer CEO Financial Returns 12 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 13. “Economic Case for Quality” Resources  www.makinggoodgreat.org  www.asq.org/economic-case/  What Do CEOs Think About Quality? Quality Progress Magazine, May 2004  Making the Economic Case for Quality, by John Ryan (ASQ White Paper) 13 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 14. How to Quantify Cost Benefits Use internal CFO resources  Share assumptions and invite participation  Offer to do a pilot run, then measure results  Let your Financial people talk 14 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 15. Building the Business Case 1) Why should we do this? 2) What if we did NOT do it? 3) What do we want when we finish? 15 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 16. Business Case Considerations  Address why any action is necessary. (If this is not clear, why bother doing anything?)  Emphasize the costs of NOT doing the thing. (People will automatically focus on the costs of doing it.)  Focus on the outcomes, not the process 16 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 17. Uses of the Business Case:  In selling ideas to executive teams  In meetings where you have prepared a coalition of supporters  At the beginning of a presentation, in order to reconnect with the reasons for the project 17 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 18. Sample Business Case:  We waste a lot of time getting approval for small parts during product development. We’d like to authorize each engineer to spend $100 without signature.  If we don’t do this, we’ll risk more delays in product development.  With a $100 limit, we will still have protection, but we’ll eliminate many delays. 18 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 19. Practice in BUILDING A SIMPLE BUSINESS CASE: a speed exercise  Think of a Real Quality Idea You Have. Examples:  Create an employee suggestion system  Qualify the company to an ISO standard  Track certain quality metrics  Introducing a corrective action/preventive action system  Survey employees re: effectiveness of work processes  Do a kaizen or a lean blitz in a particular area  Posting visible metrics in the work areas  Track and analyze problems on a regular basis. (e.g., material review board)  Introduce standardized work processes and procedures  Jot It Down  Consider the Following: 1) Why should we do this? IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 20. Selling Ideas  The Connotations of “Selling”  “Why Should Anybody Care?” Tune in to WII-FM  Use the Language of Business 20 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 21. Principles of Consultative Selling  Helping the Executive, from their perspective (not yours)  Think “Pull”, not “Push”  Trust and Selling 21 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 22. Selling Ideas Across an Organization  Gather like-minded colleagues and form a group (formal team or ad hoc working group)  Get a management sponsor  Plan informal meetings with a critical mass of people: stakeholders, experts, and decision-makers.  Keep meetings exploratory. Use probing questions. Get their opinions.  Refine your proposal based on feedback. IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 23. Tools for Organizational Interviews  Use your business case to form an “elevator speech” that:  Highlights the problem and current pain  Outlines your solution  Explains your plan to get organizational acceptance by ice  sp ract rs ake embe Takes only 60-90 seconds t This am m te  Ask probing questions  Ask for their opinion and input IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 24. Some Goals of Organizational Interviews  Test the idea across several departments  See how people feel about it.  Ask for advice and help.  Gain ownership on their part, if possible.  See how opponents can be influenced. IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 25. Presenting to Management IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 26. What are the Challenges?  You are exposing yourself to people who could affect your career.  Senior Managers can be impatient, brusque and blunt.  It is hard to get and keep their attention.  The topic probably means a great deal to you but less to them.  They can ask questions that exceed your area of expertise. IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 27. Planning the Management Presentation (1 of 3) • Before the presentation, BE PREPARED! Previously engage a majority of the decision makers. • Know Your Audience, and shape your message to them. • Prepare a quick-hit business case (less than one minute) and START with this slide. • Use a human narrative, especially under “What if we did NOT do this” • Illustrate with anecdotes and stories. • Make it interesting, not just technical. IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 28. Planning the Management Presentation (2 of 3)  Emphasize why this is important.  Tell them that you will ask for their action.  Make major points. Illustrate with human narratives (stories) whenever possible.  Use graphics whenever possible too illustrate data.  Stay strategic (i.e., high-level). For detail, offer handouts, hip-pocket slides and/or the big honkin’ book. IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 29. Planning the Management Presentation (3 of 3)  Try to set a theme that you use throughout.  Move briskly. If you did your job well, you are reiterating information, not presenting it for the first time.  Plan to end at 20-30 minutes, with a summary, and a call to action.  Review your presentation and your meeting plan with your sponsor, especially on how to handle objections. IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 30. Maintaining Your Poise  Remember, people want you to succeed.  Rehearse your talk. Consider a dry run.  Consider memorizing your introductory slides. (After the first couple of minutes, you will get past your nervousness.)  When practicing, use positive imagery, like professional athletes.  Remember, you will have done your job. Now, its their job.  Breathe! IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 31. DURING the Presentation • At the beginning, announce that you would like a decision. • Finish your presentation at about 20-30 minutes (not at 60 minutes.) • ASK for the decision. • Handle questions and objections in accordance with position and expertise. • Let your sponsor play a role. IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 32. Learning Comfort Around Top Management  What Causes Discomfort around Managers? 32 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 33. Strategies for Developing Comfort  Practice  Assignments and Projects  Develop Coalitions  Use Outsiders and Surrogates  Questions and Active Listening  The Value of Discomfort 33 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 34. Thoughts to Take Away  Become Project Manager of your idea  Work with Other People.  Get a management sponsor  Create teams, partnerships, alliances, etc.  Understand your Management and put your idea in their context  Their Objectives  Business Case  Cost/Benefits (ROI)  Building Organizational Consensus 34 IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 35. Thank You! Questions? IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE
  • 36. For Further Information…  Making Change Work: Practical Tools for Overcoming Human Resistance to Change, by Brien Palmer. Published by ASQ’s Quality Press  The Case for Quality—Taking it to Management. Webinar sponsored by ASQ.  Selling Quality to Management: How to Get Management Buy-In to Qu , IBS America-Sponsored Whitepaper written by Brien Palmer IBS Overview THE PRODUCTIVITY ADVANTAGE

Editor's Notes

  1. I HAVE to know how to sell Quality, or else I won’t succeed in my business. It’s a matter of life and death in my chosen occupation. Ask for how many people are familiar with the ASQ’s Economic Case for Quality. (Raise hands)
  2. Briefly review the three elements of a Business Case. This is a SIMPLIFIED Business Case. A THOROUGH business case would amplify these points considerably, and possibly use the methods herein.
  3. We train people on analytical skills, but not interpersonal skills We encourage fact-based decision making, but don’t pay attention to how decisions really get made. The business and personal cost of poor management-communication skills. Ask “how many people promoted into a new position?” If so, click yes in the FEEDBACK area, if no, click no. Ask “how many people given training to handle their new position?” IF yes, click yes. If no, click no.
  4. 10:20 Ask if attendees have seen these situations.
  5. What is the MIS manager responsible for? What is the Sales Manager responsible for? What is the QA manager responsible for? What is the CEO responsible for? How does this affect our approach to CEOs and other top managers? Use pointer 10:30
  6. Use pointer
  7. 11:00 Break after this slide
  8. GO ON TO NEXT PAGE
  9. Briefly review the three elements of a Business Case. This is a SIMPLIFIED Business Case. A THOROUGH business case would amplify these points considerably, and possibly use the methods herein.
  10. [This slide amplifies the points made on the previous one.]
  11. [This is a role play enacted by the instructor. Play out the part as if you were presenting to a management committee.]
  12. Mental models and sales: used car salesmen vs. physicians. This connotation works against Quality professionals. Give choice of words including “self”. POLL #5 “ The Language of Business” applies to for-profits.
  13. 2:40-2:50 One-minute case lets you jump in incase the meeting goes on too long, your session gets pushed back, etc. Finish after 20-30 minutes. If you have more detail, put it in an hip-pocket slide. Review the 60-second “emergency” option.
  14. 2:40-2:50 One-minute case lets you jump in incase the meeting goes on too long, your session gets pushed back, etc. Finish after 20-30 minutes. If you have more detail, put it in an hip-pocket slide. Review the 60-second “emergency” option.
  15. 2:40-2:50 One-minute case lets you jump in incase the meeting goes on too long, your session gets pushed back, etc. Finish after 20-30 minutes. If you have more detail, put it in an hip-pocket slide. Review the 60-second “emergency” option.
  16. 2:40-2:50 One-minute case lets you jump in incase the meeting goes on too long, your session gets pushed back, etc. Finish after 20-30 minutes. If you have more detail, put it in an hip-pocket slide. Review the 60-second “emergency” option.
  17. 4:00 I introduce some ideas, and then let individuals add to them. Use whiteboard.
  18. End 4:15 Use pointer Plan ahead, practice, use role plays, develop scenarios—your manager will be impressed by your grasp of the issues! Seek assignments that consciously bring you into contact with senior managers. Better to start out small than to confront a manager under a high-pressure situation. Form teams of like-minded people and work together to achieve your desired outcomes. When appropriate, work with outside consultants, respected insiders, and others to get your message to senior managers. Questions and Active listening: Take the focus off of you by asking questions. Indicate your understanding of the answers by summarizing them briefly. If/Then Dialogue: This is a non-threatening way to assert your opinion. First, refer to a concern, principle, or issue that you have heard the manager state. Then, put your opinion in terms of that concern or principle. Use this format: I am concerned that IF [we don’t do what I want us to do], THEN [we won’t meet the objective that you stated]. Example: “Yes, I know that ISO certification will require a lot of time and effort. But I am afraid that if we don’t get certified, then we’ll never be able to expand into Europe.” The Value of Discomfort: Unease is a way to protect yourself from change. Sometimes unease and discomfort can indicate a potential for dramatic improvement Any questions or comments?