The document outlines the design process in mechatronics, dividing it into six major phases, and emphasizes the role of sensors in each phase. It defines key concepts related to sensors and transducers, such as sensitivity, range, precision, and accuracy. Additionally, it discusses various types of sensors and their applications in measurement systems.

1. Konstruktiotekniikka
Mechatronics Components and Instrumentation
(MSc Course: EDE-31206)
Selection of Sensors
Mithun Chowdhury
Tomáš Spáčil
16/11/2013

2. Konstruktiotekniikka
DESIGN PROCESS

Distinguish into 6 major phases
•
Conceptual design
•
Preliminary design
•
Detail design and development
•
Construction
•
Operation use
•
Retirement

Sensors are necessarily part of almost all phases

3. Konstruktiotekniikka
REQUIREMENTS

Summarizing possible future application of the system

Measurement principles
•
Environment
•
Size, weight

Sensing method
•
Resolution, range, frequency,...
•
Output
•
Cost

Best compromise

4. Konstruktiotekniikka
SENSOR x TRANSDUCER

Sensor produce a signal relating to the physical
quantity being measured.

Transducer converts one type of energy to another
form of energy.
•
Transducer consists of a sensor and electronic circuit.
•
Output from of a transducer is normally voltage (V) or current (A).

5. Konstruktiotekniikka
ROTATIONAL
•
Potentiometer
•
Resolvers
•
Magnetic / optical encoders
•
Capacitive encoders
•
Inductive encoders

6. Konstruktiotekniikka
TEMPERATURE

7. Konstruktiotekniikka
MAGNETIC
•
Hall sensor
•
Magnetoresistive sensor
•
Magnetodiode
•
Induction coil
•
SQUID

8. Konstruktiotekniikka
Sensor Topology
 Sensitivity
 Range
 Precision
 Resolution
 Accuracy
 Offset
 Linearity
 Hysteresis
 Response Time
 Dynamic Linearity

9. Konstruktiotekniikka
 Sensitivity
• defined as the input parameter change required to produce a
standardized output change
 Range
• is the maximum and minimum values of applied parameter that can be
measured
 Precision
• refers to the degree of reproducibility of a measurement
 Resolution
• is the smallest detectable incremental change of input parameter that
can be detected in the output signal.
Sensor Topology

10. Konstruktiotekniikka
 Accuracy
• maximum difference that will exist between the actual value (which
must be measured by a primary or good secondary standard) and the
indicated value at the output of the sensor
 Linearity
• is an expression of the extent to which the actual measured curve of a
sensor departs from the ideal curve.
 Response Time
• Sensors do not change output state immediately when an input
parameter change occurs. Rather, it will change to the new state over a
period of time, called the response time.
Sensor Topology

11. Konstruktiotekniikka
Choose the Right Sensor for an Measurement System
Depend on
 Temperature
 Strain
 Sound
 Vibration
 Position and Displacement
 Pressure
 Force

12. Konstruktiotekniikka
Mechatronics Components and Instrumentation
(MSc Course: EDE-31206)
Thanks for your attention!
Mithun Chowdhury
Tomáš Spáčil
16/11/2013