The document discusses the different segments of the teaching profession, including teacher preparation, recruitment, responsibilities, salary/benefits, opportunities for promotion, and status/prestige. It notes that teacher preparation involves developing subject matter knowledge and pedagogical skills. Teacher recruitment aims to increase diversity but many schools still have predominantly white teaching forces. A teacher's responsibilities include instruction, record keeping, discipline, and creating a positive learning environment. Salaries start on a scale and increase annually, and benefits include pensions and holidays. Promotion opportunities exist within schools and regions. Teaching is considered a high-status profession vital to society.

2. Segments of teachingSegments of teaching
professionprofession
Following are major segments of teachingFollowing are major segments of teaching
profession:profession:
Teaching:Teaching:
The word teaching has different usages.The word teaching has different usages.
Iqbal (1996) indicates three uses of theIqbal (1996) indicates three uses of the
word ‘teaching in common discourseword ‘teaching in common discourse
there are:there are:

3.  Body of knowledgeBody of knowledge
 An occupation or a professionAn occupation or a profession
 A way of making something known toA way of making something known to
others.others.

4. Teaching:Teaching:
i.i. Teaching preparationTeaching preparation
ii.ii. Teacher recruitmentTeacher recruitment
iii.iii. Teacher’s responsibilitiesTeacher’s responsibilities
iv.iv. Teacher’s salary and other benefits.Teacher’s salary and other benefits.
v.v. Opportunities for promotion.Opportunities for promotion.

5.  Teacher preparation:Teacher preparation:
Teacher preparation is the first stage of theTeacher preparation is the first stage of the
formal teacher development process. Theformal teacher development process. The
urgency of successful education in anurgency of successful education in an
increasingly sophisticated economy andincreasingly sophisticated economy and
society has generated intense questionssociety has generated intense questions
and debates about teacher preparation:and debates about teacher preparation:

6.  How much subject matter knowledge andHow much subject matter knowledge and
how much pedagogical knowledge shouldhow much pedagogical knowledge should
teachers have?teachers have?
 Should requirements for entry into andShould requirements for entry into and
graduation from teacher educationgraduation from teacher education
programs be more stringent?programs be more stringent?
 How successful are the various programsHow successful are the various programs
in adequately preparing the kinds ofin adequately preparing the kinds of
teachers we need?teachers we need?

7. Teacher recruitment:Teacher recruitment:
American public schools reflect diversity onlyAmerican public schools reflect diversity only
in their student populations, not in theirin their student populations, not in their
teaching force. Despite efforts by someteaching force. Despite efforts by some
school districts to hire minority teachers,school districts to hire minority teachers,
most have faculties that are over whelm-most have faculties that are over whelm-
ingly white. Most districts still fail to hireingly white. Most districts still fail to hire
minority teachers proportional to theminority teachers proportional to the
increasing number of minority students inincreasing number of minority students in
schools. This minority teacher shortageschools. This minority teacher shortage
becomes more acute each year.becomes more acute each year.

8. Teacher’s responsibilities:Teacher’s responsibilities:
1.1. Instructional responsibilities;Instructional responsibilities;
2.2. Maintaining accurate record;Maintaining accurate record;
3.3. Maintaining class discipline;Maintaining class discipline;
4.4. Maintaining good relationship withMaintaining good relationship with
students;students;
5.5. Creative conducive environment forCreative conducive environment for
learning.learning.

9. Teacher’s salary and otherTeacher’s salary and other
benefits:benefits:
A teaching career can be rewarding, withA teaching career can be rewarding, with
starting salaries that match and in somestarting salaries that match and in some
cases outstrip those of other graduatecases outstrip those of other graduate
professions. Currently, all qualifiedprofessions. Currently, all qualified
teachers in maintained schools are paidteachers in maintained schools are paid
according to the School Teachers’ Payaccording to the School Teachers’ Pay
and Conditions Document which isand Conditions Document which is
updated each September.updated each September.

10. Newly qualified teachers (NQTs) will start onNewly qualified teachers (NQTs) will start on
the six-point main pay scale and progressthe six-point main pay scale and progress
through it each year, subject to completingthrough it each year, subject to completing
a satisfactory year of employment, ora satisfactory year of employment, or
move onto a scale associated with amove onto a scale associated with a
different position or level of responsibility.different position or level of responsibility.
Academies and Free Schools are able to setAcademies and Free Schools are able to set
to set their own pay rates for newto set their own pay rates for new
employees.employees.

11. Teaching benefits:Teaching benefits:
In addition to the basic salary, there are aIn addition to the basic salary, there are a
range of benefits and allowances,range of benefits and allowances,
including:including:
 teaching and learning responsibility (TLR)teaching and learning responsibility (TLR)
payments – additional money to take onpayments – additional money to take on
additional responsibilities – which someadditional responsibilities – which some
schools may offer;schools may offer;

12.  teachers' pension – the second largestteachers' pension – the second largest
public sector pension scheme in thepublic sector pension scheme in the
country; andcountry; and
 holidays – more days than many people inholidays – more days than many people in
other professions, though teachers work forother professions, though teachers work for
195 days per year in school, and do some195 days per year in school, and do some
work during the school holidays.work during the school holidays.

13. Opportunities for promotion:Opportunities for promotion:
Teachers are encouraged to express anTeachers are encouraged to express an
interest in promotional positions at a schoolinterest in promotional positions at a school
and regional level. teachers have an easierand regional level. teachers have an easier
time displaying confidence in the classroom,time displaying confidence in the classroom,
and students are quick to pick up materialand students are quick to pick up material
from an instructor who has already masteredfrom an instructor who has already mastered
it.it.

14. Status and prestige:Status and prestige:
Professions enjoy a high social status, regardProfessions enjoy a high social status, regard
and esteem conferred upon them by society.and esteem conferred upon them by society.
this high esteem arises primarily from thethis high esteem arises primarily from the
higher social function of their work, which ishigher social function of their work, which is
regarded as vital to society a a whole andregarded as vital to society a a whole and
thus of having a special and valuable nature.thus of having a special and valuable nature.

15. The professions own high status in theThe professions own high status in the
society. the profession in which salaries aresociety. the profession in which salaries are
high are ranked to be high professions.high are ranked to be high professions.

16. curriculum development process in
Paksitan