The document summarizes the key components of an ecosystem: 1) Producers, such as green plants, take in non-living matter from the environment and use it to support life through photosynthesis. 2) Consumers, such as herbivores and carnivores, rely on producers for food and are part of the food chain. 3) Decomposers, such as fungi and bacteria, feed off dead plants and animals, breaking them down into minerals and gases.