This document provides information about matter and its properties. [1] Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass, and can be made of one or more types of atoms. [2] Pure substances have uniform composition, while mixtures have varying compositions made of two or more substances mixed together. [3] Physical properties, such as density, hardness, and melting point, can be used to identify materials, select materials for purposes, and separate substances in mixtures.

1. Ch. 2 Powerpoint
By Lauren Baukus

2. Matter
*Matter is everything
that takes up space and
has mass. Everything you
touch, taste, smell, see,
and even things you can’t,
is matter. It can be made
of one type of atom or
many types of atoms Mixture
*Matter with properties
Pure Substances that can vary and not
fixed composition. Two
*Matter with fixed, uniform composition.
or more substances that
you physically mix
Element together.
*A substance that
cannot be destroyed
into smaller parts.
Compound Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Only one type of
atom *A substance made Mixtures Mixtures
from two or more *The parts in the
*The parts in the mixture
elements in fixed mixture are very
are very different.
proportions. hard to tell apart.

3. Solutions: Colloids: Suspensions:
*A colloid contains
*A suspension is a
*A solution is a particles that are
heterogeneous
homogeneous in-between
mixture, it
mixture when in size. They do
separates over time. A
2 or more not seperate into
great example is oil and
substances are layers. Fog is a
vineger or sand and water.
dissolved colloid. A property
together. of a colloid is a
scattering of light.

4. 7 examples of physical properties
*A physical property is used to recognize a material,
to select a material for a purpose,
or to take apart substences in a mixture.
Conductivity:
*A material’s capacity to
permit heat to flow
through it. Some
Viscosity: materials are good Malleability:
*A property that conductors of heat like *It is when a solid is
determines a liquid’s metal, others are not, able to be
thickness, stickiness, like wood. hammered or bent
and how it flows. without
When something is breaking. Most metals
really thick is has a are malleable.
high viscosity.

5. Hardness:
*The comparative resiliance of
an object scratching another
object.
“Hard as a rock.”
Melting &
Boiling
Points:
*The temperature when a
substance changes from a solid
to a liquid is called it’s melting
point. The temperature when a
liquid substance boils and turns
into a gas is it’s boiling point.
Density:
*Density is a ratio of a substances
mass to its volume. It can tell you
if a substance is pure or contains
other substances.

6. Using Physical A physical property is used to recognize a material,
to select a material for a purpose,
Properties: or to take apart substances in a mixture.
Step 1.
Using Properties Decide the propeties to test.
to Identify Step 2.
Test a sample of the unknown.
Materials: Step 3.
Compare results.
Using
*A property is chosen for the
Properties to material to be used.
Choose Materials:
* This is when an object changes
physically however the substances
Physical Changes: stay the same. An example would
be ice cream melting.

7. Using Properties to
Separate Mixtures:
*The two common separation methods are,
filtration and distillation.
Filtration: Distillation:
*It separates the materials by their
*It separates the materials
boiling points. This is used to separate
based on the size of the particles. If you
particles that are small enough to pass
use a filter, some particles can be captured
through a filter. An example would be
and some strain through. You would use
you would use distillation when trying to
filtration when you were panning for gold.
separate fresh water and seawater.

8. Filtration:
An example of when you use filtration when separating sand
from water. Pour the sand and water into a test tube and
mix them together. Place a funnel inside the top of a beaker,
then fold a piece of folded filter paper and put it in the
funnel. Pour the test tube full of the sand and water, into
the funnel and watch the water flow through the filter
paper and the sand collect in the paper. After you have
removed the sand from the filter paper take the filter out of
the beaker and set it out to dry.

9. Distillation:
An example of when you use distillation when trying to
separate fresh water from seawater. Heat the seawater until
it changes into a gas. Cool the gas until it changes back into
a liquid, that is collected into a container. This is able to
happen because the compounds that are dissolved in the sea
water have a higher boiling point than in fresh water.

10. Evaporation:
An example of when you use evaporation would be separating
water from sodium chloride. Put the sodium chloride and
water into a test tube and mix them together. After put it
into an evaporation dish and set the dish onto top of the wire
stand. Under the wire stand put an alcohol burner and light
it on fire. On the top of the evaporation dish there should be
steam on the top of the water and the water should have
small bubbles. After all the water has evaporated from the
dish take the sodium chloride out.

11. Chemical Properties:
Flammability:
A substance is able to burn with the presence of oxygen.
Reactivity:
How readily substance chemically combines with another substance.

12. Recognizing Chemical Changes:
There are three different types of chemical change:
a change in color, a production in a gas, and the
formation of a precipitate.

13. A change in color: Production of a gas:
An example is: copper because it An example is: vinegar and baking
was shiny but then later it turns soda.
green.
Formation of a precipitate:
An example is: the curdling of milk.

14. Is a rock a mixture?
Is candy a pure substance?
Which is a homogeneous mixure; sand, trail mix,
lemonade?
How would you classify the following;
water, salt, gold, oxygen, milk, wood, soup, glass

15. What is one way to tell the difference between a
solution, suspension or colloid?
Answer - By it’s ----------

16. What physical property term would you use to
describe:
syrup
copper
quick sand
water

17. If you were trying to find a needle is a hay stack,
what separation method would you use?
What is a property?
What is paint an example of?
What is matter?
What is an example of a physical change of a
colloid liquid to a solid?

18. Is pure sugar a pure substance?
Approximately how many elements are
there in the world?

19. THE END