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The document defines a volcano as an opening on Earth's surface where molten rocks, smoke, gases and ashes are erupted from below the surface. It states that the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology currently lists 23 active volcanoes in the Philippines, 21 of which have erupted historically within the last 600 years and two that show strong fumarolic activity. Active volcanoes are defined as those that have erupted in the Holocene period of the last 10,000 years or have documented eruptions in historical times.
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Planet Earth and its properties necessary to support life
Department of Education | Senior High School
Topic: Planet Earth and its properties necessary to support life.
Learning Competency:
Earth and Life Science: Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the Solar System with properties necessary to support life.
Earth Science (for STEM): Describe the characteristics of Earth that are necessary to support life.
Please LIKE / FOLLOW and SHARE my other social media accounts.
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Origin of earth
This slide describes various theories about origin of the earth, like nebular theory, big bang theory, etc.
Earth’s internal energy
The document provides information on an educational material in English for secondary students on Earth's internal energy, including its goals of explaining how the planet's internal energy causes geological transformations and phenomena like volcanoes and earthquakes. It discusses concepts like tectonic plates and continental drift, providing activities for students to learn vocabulary, describe processes, and understand the evidence for plate tectonics theory. The material would take approximately 9 sessions to complete and aims to develop students' skills in areas like science, digital literacy, and social awareness.
Unit 8: The Earth's internal energy
The document discusses the Earth's internal energy and how it causes tectonic plate movement and related geological phenomena. The main points are:
1) The Earth has internal heat from radioactive elements and impacts that causes plate tectonics and results in volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building.
2) Alfred Wegener proposed continental drift in 1912 to explain how the continents were once joined together before drifting apart, as evidenced by matching continental shelves.
3) The Earth's solid crust is made up of tectonic plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle, resulting in earthquakes and volcanic activity at plate boundaries.
Earth history 1
The document provides an overview of Earth's geological history and processes. It discusses how heat from the Earth's core and energy from the sun drive plate tectonics and geological changes over long periods of time. Precise dating methods like radiometric dating indicate that the Earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old, much older than traditionally thought. The constant recycling of the crust through igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock processes comprises the long-term geological evolution of our planet.
Habital zone notes
The key factors that determine whether a planet can support life include being located within the circumstellar habitable zone (Goldilocks zone) around its star where liquid water can exist on the surface, having a planetary size that allows for an atmosphere to develop and be retained, and orbiting a stable star that provides a constant radiation level like our middle-aged G-type Sun. Other considerations include the planet having a chemistry that supports liquid water through a greenhouse gas atmosphere, and being located within the optimal area of its galaxy to avoid threats from supernovae while still forming necessary heavier elements.
Historyoftheearth
The document summarizes key concepts in geology, including:
1) The formation of the solar system from a nebula of dust and gas around 4.5 billion years ago, which led to the formation of the Sun and planets through gravitational attraction and other processes.
2) Methods for determining the age of the Earth including absolute radiometric dating techniques that measure radioactive decay and relative dating principles like superposition and cross-cutting relationships.
3) The use of fossils to provide temporal and paleoecological information about Earth's history and environmental conditions of different periods. Index fossils in particular help date and classify rock layers.
Unit 2: The formation of the Earth's relief
This document discusses the formation of Earth's relief through internal and external forces. It explains key concepts like continental drift, tectonic plates, and how they cause features like mountains, volcanoes and earthquakes. It also examines the external forces of erosion, transport and deposition that shape the Earth's surface over time, such as water, wind, plants and human activity. Diagrams illustrate cross-sections of the Earth and examples of landforms formed by these geological and erosional processes.
Recommended
Planet Earth and its properties necessary to support life
Department of Education | Senior High School
Topic: Planet Earth and its properties necessary to support life.
Learning Competency:
Earth and Life Science: Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the Solar System with properties necessary to support life.
Earth Science (for STEM): Describe the characteristics of Earth that are necessary to support life.
Please LIKE / FOLLOW and SHARE my other social media accounts.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Simple-ABbieC-131584525051378/
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Youtube:
http://tiny.cc/SimpleABbieC
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Slideshare:
https://www.slideshare.net/AbbieMahinay
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Blogger:
https://simpleabbiec.blogspot.com/?m=1
Origin of earth
This slide describes various theories about origin of the earth, like nebular theory, big bang theory, etc.
Earth’s internal energy
The document provides information on an educational material in English for secondary students on Earth's internal energy, including its goals of explaining how the planet's internal energy causes geological transformations and phenomena like volcanoes and earthquakes. It discusses concepts like tectonic plates and continental drift, providing activities for students to learn vocabulary, describe processes, and understand the evidence for plate tectonics theory. The material would take approximately 9 sessions to complete and aims to develop students' skills in areas like science, digital literacy, and social awareness.
Unit 8: The Earth's internal energy
The document discusses the Earth's internal energy and how it causes tectonic plate movement and related geological phenomena. The main points are:
1) The Earth has internal heat from radioactive elements and impacts that causes plate tectonics and results in volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building.
2) Alfred Wegener proposed continental drift in 1912 to explain how the continents were once joined together before drifting apart, as evidenced by matching continental shelves.
3) The Earth's solid crust is made up of tectonic plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle, resulting in earthquakes and volcanic activity at plate boundaries.
Earth history 1
The document provides an overview of Earth's geological history and processes. It discusses how heat from the Earth's core and energy from the sun drive plate tectonics and geological changes over long periods of time. Precise dating methods like radiometric dating indicate that the Earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old, much older than traditionally thought. The constant recycling of the crust through igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock processes comprises the long-term geological evolution of our planet.
Habital zone notes
The key factors that determine whether a planet can support life include being located within the circumstellar habitable zone (Goldilocks zone) around its star where liquid water can exist on the surface, having a planetary size that allows for an atmosphere to develop and be retained, and orbiting a stable star that provides a constant radiation level like our middle-aged G-type Sun. Other considerations include the planet having a chemistry that supports liquid water through a greenhouse gas atmosphere, and being located within the optimal area of its galaxy to avoid threats from supernovae while still forming necessary heavier elements.
Historyoftheearth
The document summarizes key concepts in geology, including:
1) The formation of the solar system from a nebula of dust and gas around 4.5 billion years ago, which led to the formation of the Sun and planets through gravitational attraction and other processes.
2) Methods for determining the age of the Earth including absolute radiometric dating techniques that measure radioactive decay and relative dating principles like superposition and cross-cutting relationships.
3) The use of fossils to provide temporal and paleoecological information about Earth's history and environmental conditions of different periods. Index fossils in particular help date and classify rock layers.
Unit 2: The formation of the Earth's relief
This document discusses the formation of Earth's relief through internal and external forces. It explains key concepts like continental drift, tectonic plates, and how they cause features like mountains, volcanoes and earthquakes. It also examines the external forces of erosion, transport and deposition that shape the Earth's surface over time, such as water, wind, plants and human activity. Diagrams illustrate cross-sections of the Earth and examples of landforms formed by these geological and erosional processes.
Unit 2: The formation of the Earth's relief
This document discusses the formation of Earth's relief through internal and external forces. It explains key concepts like continental drift, tectonic plates, and landforms created by processes such as orogeny, volcanism, and erosion. Tectonic plates are major blocks of the lithosphere that move and collide, generating mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes. External forces like water, wind, and human activity modify existing landforms through erosion, transport, and deposition of material.
Earth's Internal Structure
Earth's Internal Structure - Earth and Life Science / Earth Science for SHS
I do not own any material in this presentation. Credits go to their respective owners.
Honors geo. ch3 p.p (pt. 2)
The intense heat of Earth's interior creates internal forces that change the planet's surface. These internal forces cause the plates of Earth's crust to move slowly, creating earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Earthquakes release the strain accumulated along faults, while volcanism involves the movement of magma toward the surface. Studying earthquakes and volcanic eruptions provides insights into Earth's interior.
Evolution of the earth
The document summarizes the evolution of the Earth and solar system. It describes how the universe began with the Big Bang around 14 billion years ago. Over time, gas and dust coalesced to form stars and planets, including our sun and solar system approximately 4.5 billion years ago. As the early Earth formed and cooled, differentiation occurred with iron sinking to form the core and lighter elements floating upward. The atmosphere gradually evolved from a primitive mix including hydrogen and helium to today's nitrogen and oxygen-rich atmosphere through volcanic outgassing and the rise of oxygen-producing life.
26. monteon, reign yobhel r.
Volcanism refers to the movement of molten rock, or magma, within the Earth and the resulting geological changes that occur on the surface. When magma reaches the surface through openings called vents, it is known as lava. Volcanic eruptions can be explosive, quiet, intermediate, or fissure-type, and form different types of volcanic cones including shield, cinder, and composite cones based on the viscosity of the lava and whether eruptions are explosive. Volcanoes provide resources like electricity and chemical products, enrich soil with lava and ash, and create geological features such as hot springs, fumaroles, and geysers.
Earth History 2: Changes in Atmosphere
The document discusses the various factors that cause changes in Earth's atmosphere and climate over time. It explains that changes in one climate variable, such as the atmosphere, will affect others as they are all interconnected. The key factors identified are 1) biotic processes, 2) variations in solar radiation, 3) plate tectonics, 4) volcanic eruptions and large igneous provinces, 5) the cryosphere, 6) Milankovitch cycles, and 7) greenhouse gases. The document traces the history of scientific understanding of these climate change causes and how different evidence and techniques verified theories about ice age triggers being linked to orbital variations amplified by greenhouse gas feedbacks.
Earth's history
The document provides an overview of geology, describing the structure of the Earth and key concepts in the field. It begins with definitions of geology and discusses the four spheres that make up the Earth: the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Key points about the layers of the Earth's interior and crust are summarized. The remainder of the document outlines principles of geology including plate tectonics, geological timescales, dating methods like radioactive decay, and the progression of life forms through different eras.
9.earth2
The document discusses evidence that supports plate tectonic theory, including:
- Fossils found across continents suggesting they were once joined together as a supercontinent.
- Matching rock formations and mountain ranges that line up across plate boundaries.
- Earth's crust consists of 11 major tectonic plates that are constantly in motion.
- Most volcanic and earthquake activity occurs along plate boundaries.
Cuexcomate beraldi
The Cuexcomate in Puebla, Mexico is not a volcano as commonly believed, but rather the largest known geyserite deposit on Earth. At approximately 28.5 x 24.3 m in diameter and up to 12 m deep, it is composed of 90% calcite from hydrothermal activity. While its exact age is unknown, local accounts date activity to 1064 and 1664 AD, corresponding roughly to eruptions of the nearby Popocatépetl volcano 40 km away. Radiometric dating is still needed to confirm its origin from Popocatépetl or other geothermal sources.
Historical Geology Study Guide
Scientists study the Earth's history by examining rocks and dating them. The geological time scale divides Earth's lifetime into eras based on layers of rock and fossils. Relative dating involves placing rocks in proper sequence, while radiometric dating uses radioactive decay to determine ages. The oldest fossils date to around 3.8 billion years ago. Major periods include the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Mass extinctions occurred, like at the end of the Permian, possibly due to asteroid impact. Humans have significantly impacted geology through pollution, deforestation, and species extinction.
Volcanism
Volcanology is the study of volcanoes, lava, magma, and related geological phenomena. A volcano forms when magma rises from deep in the Earth's mantle and erupts on the surface. As more magma rises, it forms a magma chamber and conduit leading to a vent. Eruptions through the vent build the volcano over time. There are four main types of volcanism related to mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, hotspots, and flood volcanism. Heat sources for volcanism include radioactive decay, accretion during planetary formation, tidal effects, and core formation deep within the Earth.
Distribution of volcanoes, earthquakes and mountain ranges
The document discusses key concepts in plate tectonics including volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain ranges. It provides details on the theory of plate tectonics which suggests that Earth's crust is made up of plates that interact and produce geologic features through processes like subduction. Specific examples mentioned include the Mayon volcano in the Philippines, oceanic ridges, the Pacific Ring of Fire, faults that cause earthquakes, trenches formed by subduction, and convergent boundary mountain ranges like the Himalayas and Andes.
I. b. earth and earth systems
The document discusses the different spheres or layers of the Earth. It begins by describing the Earth and its color compared to other planets. It then discusses the four subsystems that make up Earth and flow of matter and energy between them. It identifies the layers of the Earth and differentiates between them. Finally, it discusses natural waters and the water cycle.
Geology of Earth
The document discusses the origins and evolution of the universe, Earth, and life. It describes how the Big Bang created the universe approximately 13.7 billion years ago. It then explains how galaxies, stars, and planets formed, including theories about how the solar system originated. The formation and geological history of Earth is covered in detail, breaking its timeline into Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Key events like the emergence of life and mass extinctions are highlighted.
Earth history 2
1) Changes in the atmosphere, such as variations in greenhouse gases, solar radiation levels, volcanic activity, and ice sheet size can impact climate by altering the Earth's energy balance.
2) Scientific evidence shows that small variations in the Earth's orbit and axis (known as the Milankovitch cycles) have paced climate changes over hundreds of thousands of years by changing the distribution of solar energy received in different latitudes and seasons.
3) Positive feedback loops involving greenhouse gases, ice sheets, and temperature amplified the effects of the Milankovitch cycles in the past, driving the Earth into ice ages. However, human emissions are now the dominant factor changing climate through increased greenhouse gases.
Geology 1: Notes on Earth's geologic forces that shape the crust with video ...
The document provides an overview of geology and the structure of the Earth. It discusses the layers of the Earth including the core, mantle and crust. It describes different types of volcanoes such as shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, and composite volcanoes. It also covers plate tectonics, earthquakes, weathering and erosion.
All About Volcanoes - Powerpoint for Grade-10 - Day 1.pptx
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust through which lava, ash, and gases erupt. There are two types of volcanoes: active and inactive. Active volcanoes have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago, while inactive volcanoes have not erupted in over 10,000 years. The Philippines has over 100 volcanoes, with 24 that are currently active such as Mayon Volcano and Taal Volcano, and the rest are inactive like Mount Balungao.
types of volcano.pptx
This document summarizes different types of volcanoes based on their activity, location, structure, and explosiveness. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct based on their recent eruptive history. Additional classifications include the volcano's shape as a shield cone, cinder cone, or composite/stratovolcano. Stratovocanoes are tall and cone-shaped volcanoes formed from layers of erupted materials. The document also provides examples of notable volcanoes that fit different classifications.
Volcanic eruption
The document provides information about volcanic eruptions, including:
1. It describes the different types of volcanic eruptions such as magmatic, phreatomagmatic, and phreatic eruptions. Specific subtypes of eruptions like Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, and Plinian eruptions are also discussed.
2. The causes and mechanisms of different types of eruptions are explained. Magmatic eruptions are caused by gas release during decompression, while phreatomagmatic eruptions result from thermal contraction when magma interacts with water.
3. Details are given about what causes volcanoes, with an overview of the structure of
TYPES-OF-VOLCANOES-AND-VOLCANIC-ERUPTIOn
Volcanoes form at locations where magma reaches the Earth's surface. There are three main types of volcanoes classified based on their composition and eruption style. Composite volcanoes like Mayon Volcano are tall and steep due to explosive eruptions of thick, andesitic magma. Shield volcanoes like those in Hawaii erupt basalt quietly as low-viscosity lava flows great distances. Cinder cones are small and formed from accumulated ejecta from Strombolian eruptions. A volcano's anatomy includes features like the vent, lava domes, and pyroclastic flows that can have hazardous impacts.
volcanoes-active-inactivediffenerettypes.pptx
The document discusses different types of volcanoes in the Philippines. It defines active volcanoes as those that have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago, while inactive volcanoes have not erupted in over 10,000 years. There are over 100 volcanoes in the Philippines, with 24 considered active including Mayon, Taal, and Kanlaon. The others are classified as inactive. Volcanoes are also classified by their shape into shield, cinder, and composite volcanoes.
volcanoes.pptx
This document defines key terms related to volcanoes: cone, crater, vent, and magma chamber. It describes three main types of volcanoes - shield volcanoes which have wide gentle slopes formed from lava eruptions; cinder cone volcanoes formed from explosive eruptions of pyroclasts; and composite volcanoes with layers of lava and pyroclasts from both gentle and explosive eruptions. Volcanoes are also classified as active if currently erupting, dormant if inactive but could erupt again, or extinct if there is no sign of activity for over 1000 years. Most volcanoes are found near tectonic plate boundaries or geologically active hotspots.
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Unit 2: The formation of the Earth's relief
This document discusses the formation of Earth's relief through internal and external forces. It explains key concepts like continental drift, tectonic plates, and landforms created by processes such as orogeny, volcanism, and erosion. Tectonic plates are major blocks of the lithosphere that move and collide, generating mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes. External forces like water, wind, and human activity modify existing landforms through erosion, transport, and deposition of material.
Earth's Internal Structure
Earth's Internal Structure - Earth and Life Science / Earth Science for SHS
I do not own any material in this presentation. Credits go to their respective owners.
Honors geo. ch3 p.p (pt. 2)
The intense heat of Earth's interior creates internal forces that change the planet's surface. These internal forces cause the plates of Earth's crust to move slowly, creating earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Earthquakes release the strain accumulated along faults, while volcanism involves the movement of magma toward the surface. Studying earthquakes and volcanic eruptions provides insights into Earth's interior.
Evolution of the earth
The document summarizes the evolution of the Earth and solar system. It describes how the universe began with the Big Bang around 14 billion years ago. Over time, gas and dust coalesced to form stars and planets, including our sun and solar system approximately 4.5 billion years ago. As the early Earth formed and cooled, differentiation occurred with iron sinking to form the core and lighter elements floating upward. The atmosphere gradually evolved from a primitive mix including hydrogen and helium to today's nitrogen and oxygen-rich atmosphere through volcanic outgassing and the rise of oxygen-producing life.
26. monteon, reign yobhel r.
Volcanism refers to the movement of molten rock, or magma, within the Earth and the resulting geological changes that occur on the surface. When magma reaches the surface through openings called vents, it is known as lava. Volcanic eruptions can be explosive, quiet, intermediate, or fissure-type, and form different types of volcanic cones including shield, cinder, and composite cones based on the viscosity of the lava and whether eruptions are explosive. Volcanoes provide resources like electricity and chemical products, enrich soil with lava and ash, and create geological features such as hot springs, fumaroles, and geysers.
Earth History 2: Changes in Atmosphere
The document discusses the various factors that cause changes in Earth's atmosphere and climate over time. It explains that changes in one climate variable, such as the atmosphere, will affect others as they are all interconnected. The key factors identified are 1) biotic processes, 2) variations in solar radiation, 3) plate tectonics, 4) volcanic eruptions and large igneous provinces, 5) the cryosphere, 6) Milankovitch cycles, and 7) greenhouse gases. The document traces the history of scientific understanding of these climate change causes and how different evidence and techniques verified theories about ice age triggers being linked to orbital variations amplified by greenhouse gas feedbacks.
Earth's history
The document provides an overview of geology, describing the structure of the Earth and key concepts in the field. It begins with definitions of geology and discusses the four spheres that make up the Earth: the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Key points about the layers of the Earth's interior and crust are summarized. The remainder of the document outlines principles of geology including plate tectonics, geological timescales, dating methods like radioactive decay, and the progression of life forms through different eras.
9.earth2
The document discusses evidence that supports plate tectonic theory, including:
- Fossils found across continents suggesting they were once joined together as a supercontinent.
- Matching rock formations and mountain ranges that line up across plate boundaries.
- Earth's crust consists of 11 major tectonic plates that are constantly in motion.
- Most volcanic and earthquake activity occurs along plate boundaries.
Cuexcomate beraldi
The Cuexcomate in Puebla, Mexico is not a volcano as commonly believed, but rather the largest known geyserite deposit on Earth. At approximately 28.5 x 24.3 m in diameter and up to 12 m deep, it is composed of 90% calcite from hydrothermal activity. While its exact age is unknown, local accounts date activity to 1064 and 1664 AD, corresponding roughly to eruptions of the nearby Popocatépetl volcano 40 km away. Radiometric dating is still needed to confirm its origin from Popocatépetl or other geothermal sources.
Historical Geology Study Guide
Scientists study the Earth's history by examining rocks and dating them. The geological time scale divides Earth's lifetime into eras based on layers of rock and fossils. Relative dating involves placing rocks in proper sequence, while radiometric dating uses radioactive decay to determine ages. The oldest fossils date to around 3.8 billion years ago. Major periods include the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Mass extinctions occurred, like at the end of the Permian, possibly due to asteroid impact. Humans have significantly impacted geology through pollution, deforestation, and species extinction.
Volcanism
Volcanology is the study of volcanoes, lava, magma, and related geological phenomena. A volcano forms when magma rises from deep in the Earth's mantle and erupts on the surface. As more magma rises, it forms a magma chamber and conduit leading to a vent. Eruptions through the vent build the volcano over time. There are four main types of volcanism related to mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, hotspots, and flood volcanism. Heat sources for volcanism include radioactive decay, accretion during planetary formation, tidal effects, and core formation deep within the Earth.
Distribution of volcanoes, earthquakes and mountain ranges
The document discusses key concepts in plate tectonics including volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain ranges. It provides details on the theory of plate tectonics which suggests that Earth's crust is made up of plates that interact and produce geologic features through processes like subduction. Specific examples mentioned include the Mayon volcano in the Philippines, oceanic ridges, the Pacific Ring of Fire, faults that cause earthquakes, trenches formed by subduction, and convergent boundary mountain ranges like the Himalayas and Andes.
I. b. earth and earth systems
The document discusses the different spheres or layers of the Earth. It begins by describing the Earth and its color compared to other planets. It then discusses the four subsystems that make up Earth and flow of matter and energy between them. It identifies the layers of the Earth and differentiates between them. Finally, it discusses natural waters and the water cycle.
Geology of Earth
The document discusses the origins and evolution of the universe, Earth, and life. It describes how the Big Bang created the universe approximately 13.7 billion years ago. It then explains how galaxies, stars, and planets formed, including theories about how the solar system originated. The formation and geological history of Earth is covered in detail, breaking its timeline into Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. Key events like the emergence of life and mass extinctions are highlighted.
Earth history 2
1) Changes in the atmosphere, such as variations in greenhouse gases, solar radiation levels, volcanic activity, and ice sheet size can impact climate by altering the Earth's energy balance.
2) Scientific evidence shows that small variations in the Earth's orbit and axis (known as the Milankovitch cycles) have paced climate changes over hundreds of thousands of years by changing the distribution of solar energy received in different latitudes and seasons.
3) Positive feedback loops involving greenhouse gases, ice sheets, and temperature amplified the effects of the Milankovitch cycles in the past, driving the Earth into ice ages. However, human emissions are now the dominant factor changing climate through increased greenhouse gases.
Geology 1: Notes on Earth's geologic forces that shape the crust with video ...
The document provides an overview of geology and the structure of the Earth. It discusses the layers of the Earth including the core, mantle and crust. It describes different types of volcanoes such as shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, and composite volcanoes. It also covers plate tectonics, earthquakes, weathering and erosion.
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Distribution of volcanoes, earthquakes and mountain ranges
Distribution of volcanoes, earthquakes and mountain ranges
Geology 1: Notes on Earth's geologic forces that shape the crust with video ...
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Similar to sample science quiz
All About Volcanoes - Powerpoint for Grade-10 - Day 1.pptx
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust through which lava, ash, and gases erupt. There are two types of volcanoes: active and inactive. Active volcanoes have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago, while inactive volcanoes have not erupted in over 10,000 years. The Philippines has over 100 volcanoes, with 24 that are currently active such as Mayon Volcano and Taal Volcano, and the rest are inactive like Mount Balungao.
types of volcano.pptx
This document summarizes different types of volcanoes based on their activity, location, structure, and explosiveness. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct based on their recent eruptive history. Additional classifications include the volcano's shape as a shield cone, cinder cone, or composite/stratovolcano. Stratovocanoes are tall and cone-shaped volcanoes formed from layers of erupted materials. The document also provides examples of notable volcanoes that fit different classifications.
Volcanic eruption
The document provides information about volcanic eruptions, including:
1. It describes the different types of volcanic eruptions such as magmatic, phreatomagmatic, and phreatic eruptions. Specific subtypes of eruptions like Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, and Plinian eruptions are also discussed.
2. The causes and mechanisms of different types of eruptions are explained. Magmatic eruptions are caused by gas release during decompression, while phreatomagmatic eruptions result from thermal contraction when magma interacts with water.
3. Details are given about what causes volcanoes, with an overview of the structure of
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Volcanoes form at locations where magma reaches the Earth's surface. There are three main types of volcanoes classified based on their composition and eruption style. Composite volcanoes like Mayon Volcano are tall and steep due to explosive eruptions of thick, andesitic magma. Shield volcanoes like those in Hawaii erupt basalt quietly as low-viscosity lava flows great distances. Cinder cones are small and formed from accumulated ejecta from Strombolian eruptions. A volcano's anatomy includes features like the vent, lava domes, and pyroclastic flows that can have hazardous impacts.
volcanoes-active-inactivediffenerettypes.pptx
The document discusses different types of volcanoes in the Philippines. It defines active volcanoes as those that have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago, while inactive volcanoes have not erupted in over 10,000 years. There are over 100 volcanoes in the Philippines, with 24 considered active including Mayon, Taal, and Kanlaon. The others are classified as inactive. Volcanoes are also classified by their shape into shield, cinder, and composite volcanoes.
volcanoes.pptx
This document defines key terms related to volcanoes: cone, crater, vent, and magma chamber. It describes three main types of volcanoes - shield volcanoes which have wide gentle slopes formed from lava eruptions; cinder cone volcanoes formed from explosive eruptions of pyroclasts; and composite volcanoes with layers of lava and pyroclasts from both gentle and explosive eruptions. Volcanoes are also classified as active if currently erupting, dormant if inactive but could erupt again, or extinct if there is no sign of activity for over 1000 years. Most volcanoes are found near tectonic plate boundaries or geologically active hotspots.
Canete marianne
Volcanoes are openings in the earth's crust that allow magma, hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. The earth's crust is broken into tectonic plates that move and occasionally cause pressure to build under the surface, resulting in volcanic eruptions when the pressure is released. There are three main types of volcanoes: composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and dome volcanoes, which erupt in different ways depending on the viscosity of the lava. Several active volcanoes in the Philippines are discussed, including Mayon Volcano, Taal Volcano, and Kanlaon Volcano. Volcanic eruptions can have both positive and negative environmental impacts
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This article aims to present how to prevent the extinction of humanity from threats caused by planet Earth and human beings in the present and in the future. The threats caused by planet Earth and human beings are the following: 1) Cooling of the Earth's core; 2) Eruption of volcanoes; 3) Global climate change caused by humans; 4) Pandemics caused by humans; and, 5) Wars caused by humans.
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This article aims to present the threats to the extinction of humanity caused by the forces of nature existing on planet Earth, which concern the cooling of the core of planet Earth, the catastrophic eruptions of volcanoes and the inversion of the Earth's magnetic poles, as well as presenting how deal with them and avoid them. To deal with the cooling of the core of planet Earth, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the core of planet Earth to adopt, when necessary, strategies to escape human beings to places that can be inhabited in the solar system, such as Mars, or outside it with possibility of sheltering human beings, before the loss of the Earth's magnetic field and the imbalance in the planet's food chain. To deal with volcano eruptions, it is necessary to monitor the volcanoes to prevent disasters of catastrophic proportions by adopting plans to evacuate populations in the areas covered by the volcanoes. In addition, it is necessary to adopt necessary measures to evacuate human beings to safe locations and, even, if necessary, outside planet Earth in places likely to be inhabited in the solar system or outside it in the case in which the eruption of volcanoes could lead to the threat of extinction of human beings, as has already occurred in the past. To deal with the reversal of the Earth's magnetic poles, it is very important that there is constant monitoring of the pole reversal to assess its effects, building underground dwellings and underground cities across the planet capable of sheltering human life and protecting it from cosmic radiation. and solar and adopt, when necessary, strategies for escaping humans from Earth to Mars or other locations in the solar system or outside it capable of sheltering human life. Furthermore, it is necessary to set up a global structure, a World Organization for the Defense Against Natural Catastrophes of global scope that has the capacity to technically coordinate the actions of countries in confronting the cooling of the core of planet Earth, the catastrophic eruptions of volcanoes and the inversion of the Earth's magnetic poles,
Types and classification of Volcanoes.pptx
The Philippines is located along the Ring of Fire. As a result, it is a home to many volcanoes. According to PHIVOLCS, our country is an ideal site for any volcanic activity. It is therefore important for us to know how this natural phenomenon happens to reduce the risks and effects it may cause.
Volcanism
The document provides an overview of volcanism and the study of volcanoes (volcanology). It discusses the motivation for studying volcanoes, early perceptions and theories about volcanoes, how volcanoes work including the magma system and role of plate tectonics, what magma is and how it is generated, and how volcanologists study volcanoes to better understand volcanic processes and predict eruptions.
Volcanoes and the Different Volcnic Activities.pptx
A volcano is an opening in the earth's crust that ejects lava, pyroclasts, and gases during eruptions. The main parts of a volcano are the cone formed from accumulated materials, the crater at the peak, and the vent connecting the crater to the magma chamber. There are three main types of volcanoes: shield volcanoes with gentle slopes made of lava flows, cinder cone volcanoes made of loose fragments from explosive eruptions, and composite or stratovolcanoes with layers of lava and pyroclasts from both gentle and explosive eruptions. Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct depending on recent eruption activity.
04VolcanicRelief.ppt
Volcanoes commonly occur in belts or clusters at plate boundaries. Forecasting volcanic eruptions involves assessing the character and timing based on the volcano's historic eruptions and measuring parameters like seismic activity, ground deformation, and gas emissions. Determining the timing of eruptions depends on monitoring these precursory signals.
Volcanoesrevised
A volcano is a mountain formed by erupted lava and ash from vents in the Earth's crust. It consists of a magma chamber, conduit, and vent. Volcanoes can have different features like rugged peaks or summit craters depending on how lava is emitted. Magma rises from underground chambers and erupts due to pressure or plate collisions. When magma reaches the surface it is called lava. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct based on recent eruption activity. Eruptions can endanger nearby populations through poisonous gases and have caused over 200,000 deaths in the last 500 years.
Tectonic Plates
This document summarizes the theory of plate tectonics. It explains that the Earth's lithosphere is broken into plates that move over the asthenosphere. Where plates meet, their motion determines the type of boundary, such as divergent or convergent boundaries. At convergent boundaries, one plate subducts under the other, leading to volcanism and earthquakes. Hotspots are thought to be fed by anomalously hot mantle and may be located near or far from plate boundaries. Alfred Wegener first proposed the idea of continental drift in 1912. The movement of plates has caused the formation and breakup of supercontinents over geologic time.
Volcanoes and volcanic erruptions
The document provides information about different types of volcanoes and volcanic features including:
- Shield volcanoes which are built by basalt lava flows and have gentle slopes.
- Lava domes which are built by thick, viscous lava that cools too quickly to flow very far from the eruption.
- Cinder cones which are steep sided hills made of volcanic fragments blown from eruptions of stratovolcanoes.
- Stratovolcanoes which have steep sides and are formed by violent eruptions of lava flows, tephra, and pyroclastic flows from multiple vents.
- Mud volcanoes which form from eruptions of wet
introduction to volcano,types and characteristics
The document discusses volcanoes and how they form. It explains that volcanoes form at subduction zones, where tectonic plates collide and one plate slides under another. This causes friction and melting within the Earth, and magma rises up through the crust. When it reaches the surface, it erupts as lava from a vent to form a volcano. Many volcanoes are located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is a horseshoe-shaped area in the Pacific Ocean known for seismic activity and volcanoes. Within this area are several subduction zones, including those responsible for the over 20 active volcanoes located in the Philippines.
Volcanoes and the Different Volcnic Activities.pptx
A volcano is an opening in the earth's crust that erupts lava, pyroclasts, and gases. It consists of a cone formed from accumulated volcanic materials and a crater or vent. Some volcanoes form calderas during explosive eruptions. There are three main types of volcanoes: shield volcanoes with gentle slopes made of lava flows, cinder cones made of loose fragments, and composite or stratovolcanoes with layers of lava and pyroclasts. Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct depending on recent eruption activity.
Volcanic Hazards and its Effects to the Community
Senior High School _ Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction Subject for STEM Students
VOLCANOES PPT.pptx
This document provides an overview of volcanoes and volcanic eruptions. It defines different types of volcanoes according to their shape, including stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cone volcanoes. Examples of each type from the Philippines and around the world are given. The document also discusses types of volcanic eruptions from less to more violent, including Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, Plinian, phreatic, and phreatomagmatic eruptions. Active volcanoes in the Philippines are listed.
Similar to sample science quiz (20)
All About Volcanoes - Powerpoint for Grade-10 - Day 1.pptx
All About Volcanoes - Powerpoint for Grade-10 - Day 1.pptx
HOW TO AVOID THE EXTINCTION OF HUMANITY FROM THREATS CAUSED BY PLANET EARTH A...
HOW TO AVOID THE EXTINCTION OF HUMANITY FROM THREATS CAUSED BY PLANET EARTH A...
THE THREATS OF EXTINCTION TO HUMANITY CAUSED BY PLANET EARTH, HOW TO DEAL WIT...
THE THREATS OF EXTINCTION TO HUMANITY CAUSED BY PLANET EARTH, HOW TO DEAL WIT...
Volcanoes and the Different Volcnic Activities.pptx
Volcanoes and the Different Volcnic Activities.pptx
Volcanoes and the Different Volcnic Activities.pptx
Volcanoes and the Different Volcnic Activities.pptx
Recently uploaded
快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
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Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
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SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Recently uploaded (20)
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
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The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
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Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
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sample science quiz
- 1. Jalajala National High School
- 3. A volcano is a rupture on the crust of a planetary mass object, such as the Earth, which allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. Volcano is an opening on Earth’s surface where molten rocks, smoke, gases and ashes are erupted. Active volcanoes in the Philippines, as categorized by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), include volcanoes in the country having erupted within historical times (within the last 600 years), with accounts of these eruptions documented by man; or having erupted within the last 10,000 years (holocene) based on analyses of datable materials. However, there is no consensus among volcanologists on how to define an "active" volcano. As of 2012, PHIVOLCS lists 23 volcanoes as active in the Philippines, 21 of which have historical eruptions and two strongly fumarolic volcanoes.
- 4. Yes No 1.Mt. Mayon is a composite cone volcano?
- 5. 2. What type of volcano is in the picture below? Composite cone Shield volcano Cinder cones
- 6. 3.Underline the name of volcano shown below. A. Mt. Mayon B. Mt.Pinatubo C. Mt. Kanlaon D. Taal Volcano
- 7. Thank you!!