Salon 2 14 kasim 15.30 17.00 duygu sönmez düzkaya-ing 2
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This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of periurethral cleaning with 10% povidone-iodine, 0.05% chlorhexidine, or sterile water in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) prior to urinary catheter insertion in pediatric intensive care patients. 112 children were randomly assigned to one of the three cleaning groups. Fewer CAUTIs occurred in the chlorhexidine group compared to the povidone-iodine and sterile water groups, though the results were not statistically significant. The study concluded that chlorhexidine may reduce CAUTI rates in pediatric intensive care patients.
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Salon 2 14 kasim 15.30 17.00 duygu sönmez düzkaya-ing1
This study compared the efficacy of chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings to standard dressings in preventing central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections in a pediatric intensive care unit. The randomized controlled study involved 100 patients, with 50 receiving chlorhexidine dressings and 50 receiving standard dressings. The rates of catheter colonization, local catheter infection, and catheter-related bloodstream infection were all lower in the chlorhexidine group compared to the standard group, though the differences were not statistically significant. The study concluded that chlorhexidine dressings may reduce infection risks and recommends their use in pediatric intensive care units.
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This clinical practice guideline from the American Academy of Pediatrics provides recommendations for the diagnosis and management of initial urinary tract infections in febrile infants and young children aged 2 to 24 months. Key recommendations include:
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Urine Collection Preservation Pre analytical errors.pptx
- Urine is an important diagnostic specimen that is easily collected. Proper collection and preservation is necessary to obtain accurate test results.
- Random, first morning, and 24-hour timed urine specimens are commonly collected, with each having specific diagnostic purposes. Precise instructions must be given for timed collections.
- Urine is collected in clean, labeled containers and refrigerated if not tested immediately. Special collection methods like catheterization or three-glass may be used for specific tests.
- Preservatives are sometimes needed and must not interfere with intended tests. Proper storage and handling ensures specimen integrity for testing.
Optimización de diagnóstico en Pancreatitis infantil
The document discusses acute pancreatitis in children. It notes that the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis is poorly understood but involves changes in the pancreas acinar cells caused by factors like cholecystokinin. A study of 100 children with acute pancreatitis examined the effects of standard treatment with or without additional GUNA BOWEL treatment. The study found that addition of GUNA BOWEL helped normalize necrotic substance levels and more rapidly stabilized oxidative-reductive system disturbances and endogenous intoxication indicators, suggesting it may improve treatment of acute pancreatitis in children.
Running head PICOT AND LITERATURE SEARCH 1.docx
Running head: PICOT AND LITERATURE SEARCH 1
PICOT and Statement Literature Search
Student’s Name: Yeni Hernandez
Date: 7/22/2018
Course: NRS-433V
PICOT and Statement Literature Search
Nursing Practice Problem
Doctors use urinary catheters to empty urine from patients who have impaired urinary system. Such patients might suffer from kidney failure due to pressure exerted on their kidneys, this is dangerous and can permanently damage their kidneys. The Urinary catheters, however, may cause potential complications on the patients. Research carried on BMC Urology shows that most patients end up suffering from urinary tract infections (UTI) after the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Other complications such as kidney damage, injury to the urethra, bladder stones, and blood in the urine, septicemia and allergic reactions may arise from the usage of the urinary catheter (Feneley, Hopley, & Wells., 2015).
Picot Statement
Prognosis/Prediction: For pediatric patients 65 years and older (P), how does the use of catheters for much longer time (I) compared to the use of indwelling catheters for shorter time(C) influence the risk of Catheter-associated urinary infections(O) during the first ten weeks of indwelling catheter usage(T)?
Most patients who are placed in indwelling catheters for more than the expected time have had the risk of developing urinary tract infections, allergic reactions and others experience challenges in their kidneys.
What are some of the practical methods used to ensure that catheter-related diseases are reduced?
This study aims to make sure that indwelling urethral catheters (IDC) are carried out in a manner that minimizes risks to infection and trauma (Conway & Larson, 2011).
1st study
Feneley, R. C., Hopley, I. B., & Wells, P. N. (2015). Urinary catheters: history, current status, adverse events and research agenda. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 39(8), 459-470. doi:10.3109/03091902.2015.1085600
I chose this study because the there is a qualitative analysis of the article and the scale of the burden of urinary incontinence. Statistical data collected from the year 2006 to 2007 recorded millions of people in England with consistent problems, and in the year 2011, the number of patients had increased than the previous year. Studies show urinary infections have wider effects on the older generation, and those over 85 years of age suffered most, followed by those with over 65 years of age. Challenges emerge while an attempt is made to care for the old people and patients affected.
One study reveals that US nursing homes that received 420 admissions had 39% of patients experiencing a daytime urinary inconsistency most of them aged 65 years and above (Feneley, Hopley, & Wells., 2015).Clinicians often choose Catheterization as the last option due to high chances of urinary tract infections. In 2002, US had incidences of advance events of catheter induced_ infections occurring and causing deat.
Running head PICOT AND LITERATURE SEARCH 1.docx
Running head: PICOT AND LITERATURE SEARCH 1
PICOT and Statement Literature Search
Student’s Name: Yeni Hernandez
Date: 7/22/2018
Course: NRS-433V
PICOT and Statement Literature Search
Nursing Practice Problem
Doctors use urinary catheters to empty urine from patients who have impaired urinary system. Such patients might suffer from kidney failure due to pressure exerted on their kidneys, this is dangerous and can permanently damage their kidneys. The Urinary catheters, however, may cause potential complications on the patients. Research carried on BMC Urology shows that most patients end up suffering from urinary tract infections (UTI) after the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Other complications such as kidney damage, injury to the urethra, bladder stones, and blood in the urine, septicemia and allergic reactions may arise from the usage of the urinary catheter (Feneley, Hopley, & Wells., 2015).
Picot Statement
Prognosis/Prediction: For pediatric patients 65 years and older (P), how does the use of catheters for much longer time (I) compared to the use of indwelling catheters for shorter time(C) influence the risk of Catheter-associated urinary infections(O) during the first ten weeks of indwelling catheter usage(T)?
Most patients who are placed in indwelling catheters for more than the expected time have had the risk of developing urinary tract infections, allergic reactions and others experience challenges in their kidneys.
What are some of the practical methods used to ensure that catheter-related diseases are reduced?
This study aims to make sure that indwelling urethral catheters (IDC) are carried out in a manner that minimizes risks to infection and trauma (Conway & Larson, 2011).
1st study
Feneley, R. C., Hopley, I. B., & Wells, P. N. (2015). Urinary catheters: history, current status, adverse events and research agenda. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 39(8), 459-470. doi:10.3109/03091902.2015.1085600
I chose this study because the there is a qualitative analysis of the article and the scale of the burden of urinary incontinence. Statistical data collected from the year 2006 to 2007 recorded millions of people in England with consistent problems, and in the year 2011, the number of patients had increased than the previous year. Studies show urinary infections have wider effects on the older generation, and those over 85 years of age suffered most, followed by those with over 65 years of age. Challenges emerge while an attempt is made to care for the old people and patients affected.
One study reveals that US nursing homes that received 420 admissions had 39% of patients experiencing a daytime urinary inconsistency most of them aged 65 years and above (Feneley, Hopley, & Wells., 2015).Clinicians often choose Catheterization as the last option due to high chances of urinary tract infections. In 2002, US had incidences of advance events of catheter induced_ infections occurring and causing deat.
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LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS (STUDY OF 75 CA...
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In 61 patients the mean duration of surgery was less than 60 minutes. 5 patients needed conversion to an open procedure.
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Catheter Associated UTI Bundle
The document discusses urinary catheters and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). It provides information on:
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- Risk factors for bacteriuria associated with urinary catheters. Studies show rates of bacteriuria increase significantly within the first week of catheter placement.
- Core strategies and supplemental strategies recommended by healthcare organizations to prevent CAUTIs, such as only using catheters when necessary, maintaining a closed drainage system, and hand hygiene.
Presentation1
This study investigated the usefulness of urine collection tubes containing preservatives for urine culture. 50 urine samples were collected from catheterized patients, with half placed in tubes containing preservatives and half in tubes without preservatives. The samples were processed within 2 hours and after 24 hours. Colony counts increased significantly in samples without preservatives after 24 hours, but remained similar in samples with preservatives. The study demonstrates that urine collection tubes with preservatives are useful for maintaining accurate urine culture results during transport times over 2 hours.
Study designs
This document discusses various study designs used in medical research. It describes descriptive study designs like case reports, case series, ecological studies, and cross-sectional studies which are used to describe characteristics of subjects. It also describes analytical study designs like case-control studies and cohort studies which are used to analyze associations between exposures and outcomes. Experimental study designs like randomized controlled trials are also discussed which are used to evaluate interventions. Key aspects of each study design like their strengths, weaknesses and steps are highlighted.
Abstracts instylan eng
This document discusses the use of intravesical hyaluronic acid (HA) instillations for various conditions of the urinary bladder including cystitis. It summarizes several studies that found HA instillations were well-tolerated and significantly reduced symptoms of cystitis like pain, urgency and frequency. It also decreased the risk of urinary tract infections and radiation-induced cystitis. One study found 85% of patients with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome experienced improvement in symptoms and 55% had minimal or no symptoms after HA treatment. HA instillations may allow for complete symptom reversal or cure in some cystitis patients.
Intestinal protozoans in adults with diarrhoea
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Antimicrobial prophylaxis in UTI - an overview of the evidence
Urinary tract infections are commonly caused by E. coli bacteria entering the urinary tract. Long-term antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce recurrences but increases antibiotic resistance. Studies show it modestly decreases recurrences in children and reduces recurrences and antibiotic use in the elderly by around 50% but resistance is a concern. Alternatives like vaginal estrogen, probiotics, hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate may help reduce recurrences in some groups with fewer resistance issues than long-term antibiotics.
Hospital Acquired Urinary Tract Infection: An Epidemiological Study Carried o...
Hospital Acquired Urinary Tract Infection: An Epidemiological Study Carried o...SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
ABSTRACT- Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) is a major threat to human health. It is caused due to various physiological changes of the urinary tract by the activity of microorganisms. Urinary Tract infections has also been a major type of hospital acquired infection. Hospital acquired infections (HAI) are of various types: Respiratory Tract Infection (RTI), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Blood Stream Infection (BSI), and Surgical Site Infection (SSI) and the most common are Urinary Tract (39%) and Respiratory Tract (20-22%) infection. The main aim of this study was to assess various urine samples collected from patients of the ICU of a tertiary care hospital for microbial growth and create a statistical picture on the contribution of UTI to nosocomial infections. Certain governing factors for UTI like presence of pus cells, epithelial cells, and diabetes mellitus were also kept under consideration along with various patient details like age, sex, primary illness and prior antibiotic treatment. The key findings of the study were: the
mean age of patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic UTI was 51 years and people from both genders within the age group of 41-60 were equally susceptible. E. coli was the most common causative organism (35.7%) followed by Citrobacter (21.42%) and Klebsiella (14.28%). Other organisms included Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Candida. The rate of UTI was 56.22/1000 days of catheterization. Most of the organisms isolated were found to be multi drug resistant. UTI has been hence concluded to play a major contribution in nosocomial infections which needs to be controlled by integrating proper monitoring of hospital data and surveillance of hospital acquired urinary tract infection.
Key-words- ICU, Urinary Tract Infection, Center for Disease Control, Multi drug resistant, antibiotics, Microorganism
Abdominal Sepsis and Peritonitis
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Details of Anatomy, intra abdominal infections, physiology, peritonitis, risks for failure of source control, management of critical issues.
https://drdhavalmangukiya.com/
http://www.youtube.com/c/DrDhavalMangukiyaGastrosurgeonSurat
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Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens causing urinary tract infections in a r...
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2) Escherichia coli was the most common causative organism (68.8%), followed by Enterococcus species. Gram-negative rods accounted for 78.2% of isolates.
3) Amikacin and nitrofurantVap prevention 2014 ppt
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Nec by Dr Achumie
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Evidence Based Practice: Assassination of Myths CAUTI (Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections) reviews some of the myths healthcare teams use to perpetuate the need for indwelling urinary catheters (aka foleys) and replaces these myths with Evidence Based Practices. Citations and hyperlinks are included for all recommendations and are current as of Spring 2013. This presentation was presented to the Emory Healthcare system-wide CAUTI prevention retreat both in 2013 and 2014 and has been the basis for both entity and unit-based education to healthcare professionals.
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Salon 2 14 kasim 15.30 17.00 duygu sönmez düzkaya-ing 2
- 1. 1 A RANDOMİZED CONTROLLED TRİAL: POVİDONE IODİNE, CHLORHEXİDİNE OR WATER FOR PERİURETHRAL CLEANİNG BEFORE URİNARY CATHETERİZATİON IN PEDİATRİC INTENSİVE CARE *Dr. Duygu Sönmez Düzkaya, **Yrd. Doç. Dr. Gülzade Uysal, *Hem. Tülay Yakut, ***Prof. Dr. Agop Çıtak *Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Directorate of Nursing Services, Turkey **Okan University School of HealthSciences, Turkey ***Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Turkey
- 2. 2 AAİİMM • The aim of the research was to evaluate the effects of periurethral cleaning with 10% povidone-iodine, 0.05% chlorhexidine or sterile water in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) prior to insertion of urinary a catheter in a pediatric intensive care unit setting.
- 3. 3 METHOD The research was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental research in a pediatric intensive care unit of a university hospital between September 2012, and December 2013, after obtaining necessary permissions.
- 4. 4 METHOD • Patients who were admitted into hospital between the specified dates and met the sample selection criteria were separated into three randomized controlled groups. • Each group comprised 50 children. During the research process, 28 patients (povidone-iodine=10; chlorhexidine=8; sterile water=10) whose were not meet the criteria for follow-up were excluded of research. • The research was completed with 112222 cchhiillddrreenn..
- 5. 5 METHOD Başlangıç Örnekle m dışında kalanlar Bitiş PPoovviiddoonn iiyyoodd 50 10 40 KKlloorrhheekkssiiddiinn 50 8 42 SStteerriill ssuu 50 10 40 TTOOPPLLAAMM 150 28 112222
- 6. 6 METHOD • The research was processed in three phases. • In the first phase, nurses who worked in clinic were informed about preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and were requested to provide patient care in line with the prepared handbook. • For the second phase, consent was given by the patients’ family and the patients were separated into three groups. • In the third phase, the patients were tracked by making periurethral cleaning pursuant to their group, which was identified according to the urinary system catheter put on/put out handbook
- 7. 7 METHOD • Urine culture were included in the first 24 hours after the patient's admission to the intensive care unit. Then following a culture taken every 3 days was sent to the laboratory in appropriate conditions
- 8. 8 METHOD • Data were obtained using Patient Identifying Form and Daily Observation Form. • Data were evaluated using appropriate statistical methods with the SPSS 17.0 Program.
- 9. 9 RREESSUULLTT • The median the age of the children was twelve months (mean=43.01± 56.92 months); 51.6% were boys. • Of the patient group, 32.8% had been admitted for respiratory illnesses; and 21.3% had neurologic disease.
- 10. 10 RREESSUULLTTSS n % ÜREME PPoovviiddoonn iiyyoodd 6 15 3 candida albicans 3 klebsiella KKlloorrhheekkssii ddiinn 2 4.8 2 candida albicans SStteerriill ssuu 3 7.5 2 e.coli 1 vre • CAUTIs TTOOTTAALL occurred in 5 patients from the 5 povidone candida albicans, iodine group 3 klebsiella (12.5%), 2 patients (4.8%) in the chlorhexidine 11 27.3 group, 2 e.coli, and 1 3 vre patient (%7.5%) in the sterile SF group. • Although more patients in the povidone iodine group had CAUTIs, no statistical difference was found between the three groups (p>0.05).
- 11. 11 RREESSUULLTTSS Catheter care product The duration of intensive care Duration of stay on mechanical ventilation The duration of the catheter (p>0, 05)
- 12. 12 CCOONNCCLLUUSSIIOONN • Chlorhexidine reduce the rates of CAUTIs in pediatric intensive care. • Although these results were not statistically significant, they are clinically important.
- 13. 13