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Jennifer Evans 
Assistant Director ELA 
St. Clair County RESA 
Evans.jennifer@sccresa.org 
http://www.protopage.com/evans.jennifer#Untitled/Home
Agenda 
Danielson 
Framework 
Domain 3 
QAR 
WriteWell© 
Guided 
Highlighted 
Reading Lessons 
Reciprocal 
Teaching 
Bloom’s Socratic Circles 
evans.jennifer@sccresa.org
Danielson Domain #3 
• Using Questioning and Discussion Techniques
Q.A.R. 
• Strategy: 
– Question – Answer – Relationship 
Q.A.R. is a framework to help readers relate prior knowledge 
and text information. It describes relationships between 
comprehension – guided questions and their answers. 
– Three Types of Questions: 
Right There (The answer is in 
the text, easy to find.) 
Think and Search (The answer is 
in the story, but you need to put 
together different story parts to 
find it. Author and You) 
On My Own (The answer is not 
in the story. You use your own 
experience to answer the 
question.)
How to do Q.A.R.: 
• Using a gradual release model, teacher begins by 
modeling and then gradually relinquishing the 
tasks to the students. 
Reads selection of text 
Asks a question 
Considers and states the 
answer 
States the Q.A.R. 
Gives explanation for 
the choice
Why use Q.A.R.? 
Current research on schema theory, text structure, and 
metacognition finds: 
Fluent readers appropriately integrate their 
background knowledge with what the text 
suggests. 
They seek, identity, and combine information 
from various places within the text to 
construct meaning.
Harcourt – Trophies Example 
• Read First paragraph of “Old Notch” 
– Ask: How long of a ride in the car would it be to 
go to the store? 
one hour 
– How do you know? 
read it right there in the text 
– Why do you think someone would want to live 
that far away from a store? 
Answers will vary 
– How do you know? 
in my head 
Two main places to find answers
QAR – Question-Answer-Relationship 
Strategy Introduction 
• http://www.vdoe.whro.org/elementary_readi 
ng/QAR1-25-2010_F8_FastStart_512k.swf
QAR Practice 
Using “Old Notch” 
example or another 
text, take turns asking a 
partner questions. 
Have partner determine 
if the answer is “right 
there”, “in my head”, or 
a combination. 
Thinking: When is the last time you explicitly taught QAR?
WriteWell© 
Guided Highlighted Reading Lessons
QAR vs. Guided Highlighted Reading 
Discuss how QAR and Guided 
Highlighted Reading are alike and 
how they are different. 
How could you use the new 
WriteWell Informational Lessons to 
support this?
Reciprocal Teaching 
Reciprocal Teaching is a dialogue between teacher and students using four strategies: 
Generating 
Questions 
Directs reader to 
specific information 
Forces reader to 
reprocess and 
manipulate text 
Summarizing 
Helps reader focus on 
pertinent information 
Focuses active 
involvement of reader 
Clarifying 
Directs reader to look 
for confusing parts of 
the text 
Helps reader decide 
which “fix up” 
strategy to use 
Predicting 
Forces reader to read 
with anticipation 
Causes reader to look 
for clues indicating 
where the author is 
headed
Why use Reciprocal Teaching? 
Reciprocal teaching enables students to 
construct meaning and to self-monitor as they 
read. 
Reciprocal teaching is in the top 10 most 
effective strategies. 
(Hattie 2012) 
Metacognition is our goal, and reciprocal teaching 
does this. 
After 15–20 days of instruction, Palincsar and Brown 
(1984) saw students go from scoring 30% to scoring 
80% on a reading comprehension assessment. 
• After 76 lessons, students improved by one to two 
reading levels (Cooper,Boschken, McWilliams, & 
Pistochini, 2000).
• **http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/r 
eciprocal_teaching (2 min. intro) 
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8oXskcnb 
4RA (7 min. upper el) 
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jm4mSV 
XDCjE (7 min. primary) 
• http://vimeo.com/13516178 (Fab 4 3 min)
Example Lesson Plan
How will I implement Reciprocal 
Teaching? 
Take a moment to read 
through the example 
lessons. 
Think about how you could implement or deepen 
your teaching of Reciprocal Teaching into your 
reading instruction on a regular basis and how you 
will monitor your students’ progression. 
Share your plan with a 
partner.
Blooms
Protocol: Give One, Get One 
What 
• Inclusion activity 
• Opener (for day, 
class period, etc.) 
Why 
• Builds 
community 
• Gets everyone’s 
voice in the 
room 
• Sets the norm for 
respectful 
listening 
How 
• On the Give One, 
Get One sheet, 
write down 
answers to the 
question below. 
Be prepared to 
share your ideas. 
Discuss with your group how you could use 
the Bloom’s flipbook in your classroom.
Open Ended questions - Brainstorming 
• https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/anal 
yzing-text-brainstorming
Too Much Teacher Talk? 
In one study of 1,151 classroom discussions 
occurring in over 200 classrooms: 
– 93.31% (1074 discussions) were completely 
monologic (teacher-centered) in nature 
– Of the 6.69% (77) that included “dialogic 
episodes” (moments when students directed the 
conversation), those episodes lasted for an 
average of 15 seconds 
(Nystrand et al., 2003)
“Students in classrooms with high academic 
demands and more emphasis on discussion-based 
approaches show higher end-of-year literacy 
performance.” 
(Applebee et al., 2003, p. 717)
What is a Socratic Circle? 
A constructivist strategy in 
which participants engage 
in a conversation to 
collectively seek a deeper 
understanding of complex 
ideas.
WriteWell: Socratic Questions 
• ReadWell Unit of Study:
Socratic Circle 
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YDP75I1b 
5Do
Socratic Question Stems
Socratic Questions for “Fire!” 
After reading “Fire!”, do you think you 
would like to be a firefighter? (p 515 
Open-ended response) 
What is the difference between 
firefighters in big cities and firefighters in 
many small towns? (p 507 Summarize) 
Evaluate “Question of the Day” to use
Questioning PD Plan 
Day 1: Introduce 
Questioning 
Strategies 
Day 2: Model 
Lesson using 
Questioning 
Strategies 
Day 3: Observe / 
Support you 
teaching a lesson 
using Questioning 
strategies 
K-1 Will model QAR 
2- 3 Will model Reciprocal Teaching 
4-5 Will model Socratic Circle 
(Unless otherwise requested)
Questions?

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Roosevelt questioning day 1

  • 1. Jennifer Evans Assistant Director ELA St. Clair County RESA Evans.jennifer@sccresa.org http://www.protopage.com/evans.jennifer#Untitled/Home
  • 2. Agenda Danielson Framework Domain 3 QAR WriteWell© Guided Highlighted Reading Lessons Reciprocal Teaching Bloom’s Socratic Circles evans.jennifer@sccresa.org
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. Danielson Domain #3 • Using Questioning and Discussion Techniques
  • 6. Q.A.R. • Strategy: – Question – Answer – Relationship Q.A.R. is a framework to help readers relate prior knowledge and text information. It describes relationships between comprehension – guided questions and their answers. – Three Types of Questions: Right There (The answer is in the text, easy to find.) Think and Search (The answer is in the story, but you need to put together different story parts to find it. Author and You) On My Own (The answer is not in the story. You use your own experience to answer the question.)
  • 7. How to do Q.A.R.: • Using a gradual release model, teacher begins by modeling and then gradually relinquishing the tasks to the students. Reads selection of text Asks a question Considers and states the answer States the Q.A.R. Gives explanation for the choice
  • 8. Why use Q.A.R.? Current research on schema theory, text structure, and metacognition finds: Fluent readers appropriately integrate their background knowledge with what the text suggests. They seek, identity, and combine information from various places within the text to construct meaning.
  • 9.
  • 10. Harcourt – Trophies Example • Read First paragraph of “Old Notch” – Ask: How long of a ride in the car would it be to go to the store? one hour – How do you know? read it right there in the text – Why do you think someone would want to live that far away from a store? Answers will vary – How do you know? in my head Two main places to find answers
  • 11. QAR – Question-Answer-Relationship Strategy Introduction • http://www.vdoe.whro.org/elementary_readi ng/QAR1-25-2010_F8_FastStart_512k.swf
  • 12. QAR Practice Using “Old Notch” example or another text, take turns asking a partner questions. Have partner determine if the answer is “right there”, “in my head”, or a combination. Thinking: When is the last time you explicitly taught QAR?
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. QAR vs. Guided Highlighted Reading Discuss how QAR and Guided Highlighted Reading are alike and how they are different. How could you use the new WriteWell Informational Lessons to support this?
  • 20. Reciprocal Teaching Reciprocal Teaching is a dialogue between teacher and students using four strategies: Generating Questions Directs reader to specific information Forces reader to reprocess and manipulate text Summarizing Helps reader focus on pertinent information Focuses active involvement of reader Clarifying Directs reader to look for confusing parts of the text Helps reader decide which “fix up” strategy to use Predicting Forces reader to read with anticipation Causes reader to look for clues indicating where the author is headed
  • 21. Why use Reciprocal Teaching? Reciprocal teaching enables students to construct meaning and to self-monitor as they read. Reciprocal teaching is in the top 10 most effective strategies. (Hattie 2012) Metacognition is our goal, and reciprocal teaching does this. After 15–20 days of instruction, Palincsar and Brown (1984) saw students go from scoring 30% to scoring 80% on a reading comprehension assessment. • After 76 lessons, students improved by one to two reading levels (Cooper,Boschken, McWilliams, & Pistochini, 2000).
  • 22. • **http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/r eciprocal_teaching (2 min. intro) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8oXskcnb 4RA (7 min. upper el) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jm4mSV XDCjE (7 min. primary) • http://vimeo.com/13516178 (Fab 4 3 min)
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  • 26. How will I implement Reciprocal Teaching? Take a moment to read through the example lessons. Think about how you could implement or deepen your teaching of Reciprocal Teaching into your reading instruction on a regular basis and how you will monitor your students’ progression. Share your plan with a partner.
  • 28.
  • 29. Protocol: Give One, Get One What • Inclusion activity • Opener (for day, class period, etc.) Why • Builds community • Gets everyone’s voice in the room • Sets the norm for respectful listening How • On the Give One, Get One sheet, write down answers to the question below. Be prepared to share your ideas. Discuss with your group how you could use the Bloom’s flipbook in your classroom.
  • 30. Open Ended questions - Brainstorming • https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/anal yzing-text-brainstorming
  • 31. Too Much Teacher Talk? In one study of 1,151 classroom discussions occurring in over 200 classrooms: – 93.31% (1074 discussions) were completely monologic (teacher-centered) in nature – Of the 6.69% (77) that included “dialogic episodes” (moments when students directed the conversation), those episodes lasted for an average of 15 seconds (Nystrand et al., 2003)
  • 32. “Students in classrooms with high academic demands and more emphasis on discussion-based approaches show higher end-of-year literacy performance.” (Applebee et al., 2003, p. 717)
  • 33. What is a Socratic Circle? A constructivist strategy in which participants engage in a conversation to collectively seek a deeper understanding of complex ideas.
  • 34. WriteWell: Socratic Questions • ReadWell Unit of Study:
  • 35. Socratic Circle • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YDP75I1b 5Do
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  • 38.
  • 39. Socratic Questions for “Fire!” After reading “Fire!”, do you think you would like to be a firefighter? (p 515 Open-ended response) What is the difference between firefighters in big cities and firefighters in many small towns? (p 507 Summarize) Evaluate “Question of the Day” to use
  • 40. Questioning PD Plan Day 1: Introduce Questioning Strategies Day 2: Model Lesson using Questioning Strategies Day 3: Observe / Support you teaching a lesson using Questioning strategies K-1 Will model QAR 2- 3 Will model Reciprocal Teaching 4-5 Will model Socratic Circle (Unless otherwise requested)

Editor's Notes

  1. Optional – poll the room to see how comfortable teachers are with QAR – skip video if they already do it
  2. Project Life example
  3. Video example
  4. Online resources
  5. Stop early -5th grade
  6. Once ideas are shared, have participants find a partner, Give one idea (partner writes it down on the “GET ONE” side, if it is not on their sheet); both share one idea Rotate to a new partner and repeat (visit with at least 3 different partners)
  7. Brewer – 5th grade
  8. Adults – set up; see WriteWell for more examples