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Roger Barrowcliffe
1
Vehicle emissions – what we know
and what we do currently….
 Measurements tell us that NOx emissions depend
principally on engine load, ie acceleration
 Microsimulation models provide a viable means of
modelling instantaneous emissions
For assessment of air quality we use:
 outputs from traffic models, ie volume and speed
 dispersion models with an averaging time of one
hour
Clear Air Thinking 2
COPERT Emission Factors
(results taken from TfL measurements)
Clear Air Thinking 3
Instantaneous NOx emissions
(results taken from Emissions Analytics)
Clear Air Thinking 4
NOx emission by Flow State
(Joumard et al 2008)
Clear Air Thinking 5
Dutch Approach to Emission Factors
Clear Air Thinking 6
emission factors 2016 [g/km] Euro-6 RDE Euro-5
urban congestion NOx 0.679 0.314 1.000
NO2 0.288 0.129 0.327
urban normal NOx 0.571 0.244 0.708
NO2 0.225 0.100 0.214
urban free flow NOx 0.454 0.188 0.542
NO2 0.176 0.077 0.160
rural NOx 0.397 0.170 0.531
NO2 0.157 0.070 0.161
motorway average NOx 0.404 0.171 0.588
NO2 0.165 0.070 0.181
motorway congestion NOx 0.594 0.253 0.746
NO2 0.233 0.104 0.227
motorway strict 80 km/h speed limit NOx 0.310 0.127 0.405
NO2 0.122 0.052 0.122
motorway no strict 80 km/h speed limit NOx 0.312 0.185 0.466
NO2 0.095 0.046 0.152
motorway strict 100 km/h speed limit NOx 0.253 0.139 0.501
NO2 0.111 0.057 0.158
motorway no strict 100 km/h speed limit NOx 0.294 0.148 0.528
NO2 0.127 0.061 0.165
motorway 120 km/h speed limit NOx 0.377 0.166 0.576
NO2 0.156 0.068 0.178
motorway 130 km/h speed limit NOx 0.434 0.173 0.589
NO2 0.174 0.071 0.181
So, is there a better way of
estimating vehicle emission for
use in dispersion models?
Clear Air Thinking 7

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Roger Barrowcliff - Chairman's introduction to vehicle section - DMUG17

  • 2. Vehicle emissions – what we know and what we do currently….  Measurements tell us that NOx emissions depend principally on engine load, ie acceleration  Microsimulation models provide a viable means of modelling instantaneous emissions For assessment of air quality we use:  outputs from traffic models, ie volume and speed  dispersion models with an averaging time of one hour Clear Air Thinking 2
  • 3. COPERT Emission Factors (results taken from TfL measurements) Clear Air Thinking 3
  • 4. Instantaneous NOx emissions (results taken from Emissions Analytics) Clear Air Thinking 4
  • 5. NOx emission by Flow State (Joumard et al 2008) Clear Air Thinking 5
  • 6. Dutch Approach to Emission Factors Clear Air Thinking 6 emission factors 2016 [g/km] Euro-6 RDE Euro-5 urban congestion NOx 0.679 0.314 1.000 NO2 0.288 0.129 0.327 urban normal NOx 0.571 0.244 0.708 NO2 0.225 0.100 0.214 urban free flow NOx 0.454 0.188 0.542 NO2 0.176 0.077 0.160 rural NOx 0.397 0.170 0.531 NO2 0.157 0.070 0.161 motorway average NOx 0.404 0.171 0.588 NO2 0.165 0.070 0.181 motorway congestion NOx 0.594 0.253 0.746 NO2 0.233 0.104 0.227 motorway strict 80 km/h speed limit NOx 0.310 0.127 0.405 NO2 0.122 0.052 0.122 motorway no strict 80 km/h speed limit NOx 0.312 0.185 0.466 NO2 0.095 0.046 0.152 motorway strict 100 km/h speed limit NOx 0.253 0.139 0.501 NO2 0.111 0.057 0.158 motorway no strict 100 km/h speed limit NOx 0.294 0.148 0.528 NO2 0.127 0.061 0.165 motorway 120 km/h speed limit NOx 0.377 0.166 0.576 NO2 0.156 0.068 0.178 motorway 130 km/h speed limit NOx 0.434 0.173 0.589 NO2 0.174 0.071 0.181
  • 7. So, is there a better way of estimating vehicle emission for use in dispersion models? Clear Air Thinking 7