In this ppt you can easily get info about how subcontinent was divided and what were the sacrifices of our leaders.

1. ROAD TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF
PAKISTAN
Towards The Pakistan Resolution (1940)

2.  Presented to you by: Sachal House
 House Leader : Haseeb-ur-Rehman Shaikh
 House Members:
• Arslan Shaikh
• Farqad Muqsit
• Hina Mirani
• Mahjabeen Abro
• M. Hasnain
• M.Iqbal
• Nancy Kumari
• Rahul Gemnani

3. JINNAH’S 14 POINTS (1929)
 Why did Jinnah issue his 14 points?
 Jinnah decided to issue 14 points in response to
Nehru Report (1928) which was a scheme of
constitution for India.
 Nehru report suggested joint electorate instead of
separate electorate.
 It suggested unitary form of government instead of
federal form of government.

4. JINNAH’S 14 POINTS (1929)
 Federal Constitution with residual powers to
provinces.
 Provincial autonomy.
 No constitutional amendment by the centre without
the concurrence of the states constituting the Indian
federation.
 All legislatures and elected bodies to have
adequate representation of Muslims in every
province without reducing a majority of Muslims.

5. JINNAH’S 14 POINTS (1929)
 Adequate representation to Muslims in the services
and in self-governing bodies.
 One-third Muslim representation in the Central
Legislature.
 In any cabinet at the centre or in the provinces,
one-third to be Muslims.
 Separate electorate for Muslims
 Separation of Sindh from Bombay.

6. JINNAH’S 14 POINTS (1929)
 No bill in any legislature to be passed if three-
fourths of a minority community considers such a
bill to be against their interests.
 Any territorial redistribution not to affect Muslim
majority in Punjab, Bengal and NWFP.
 Constitutional reforms in the NWFP and
Baluchistan.
 Full religious freedom to all communities.

7. JINNAH’S 14 POINTS (1929)
 Protection of Muslim rights in religion, culture,
education and language.

8. ROUND TABLE CONFERENCES.
 There were three Round Table Conferences which
were held from 1930-32.
 RTCs were organized by British Government to
discuss constitutional reforms in India.
 First RTC (November 1930 – January 1931).
 Second RTC (September – December 1931).
 Third RTC (November 1932 – December 1932).

9. FIRST ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE
NOVEMBER 1930 – JANUARY 1931
 First RTC was failed because:
 Congress did not attend the conference.
 Congress started non-cooperation movement.
 As Congress was the largest body of India which
then represented the whole of India no big
decisions were made.

10. SECOND ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE
(SEPTEMBER – DECEMBER 1931).
 Second RTC was failed because:
 Gandhi gave a hard line against minorities and
initiated the whole problem.
 This resulted in the lost of power of local bodies as
well.
 The British government threatened to pass the act
if no solution is reached within few weeks.

11. THIRD ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE
(NOVEMBER 1932 – DECEMBER 1932).
 Third RTC failed because:
 Jinnah was not invited.
 Lord Irwin was replaced by Lord Wellington who
was not ready to listen to the people.
 Ramsay McDonald announced the Communal
Award which was surely a huge mistake in its own.

12. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1935
 All the ministers were responsible to the legislature.
 Muslim representation in central legislature was
guaranteed.
 Burma and Adden were separated from India.
 It introduced eleven Governor Provinces.

13. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT 1935
 As all of the three RTCs failed, Government of India
Act 1935 was passed.
 It was made for further provision for Government of
India.
 It was the last constitution of British India.
 It lasted until 1947.
 It was the longest act of that time.

14. OPPOSITION OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT
1935
 As all ministers were given provincial autonomy that
was against democracy.
 Federal part was never introduced.
 Both Muslim and Hindu political leadership
criticized this act.
 However reality is that Government of India Act
provided interim constitution for Pakistan after
Independence.

15. FAILURE OF MUSLIM LEAGUE
(ELECTIONS OF 1935-36)
 First major election.
 Image problem, as though Muslim League was only
composed of aristocrats.
 Poor organization and planning.
 Differences and rifts within the party itself.
 No unity within the party.

16. IMPACT OF CONGRESS RULE AND DAY OF
DELIVERANCE 1939
 Muslims living in 8 provinces bore a lot under
congress rule.
 Bande Matram a song written by Bankin Chaterjee
urged the Non-Muslims to expel the Muslims from
sub-continent
 Widdia Mander scheme introduced to erase
Muslims culture and conversion of Muslims into
Hindus.

17. IMPACT OF CONGRESS RULE AND DAY OF
DELIVERANCE 1939
 Wardha scheme was also introduced, in schools
only Hinduism was studied.
 Culture, traditions and history of Muslim was not
taught.
 Slaughtering if cow and buffaloes was banned.
 Religious activities of Muslims were also banned.

18. PAKISTAN RESOLUTION 1940
 The Pakistan Resolution written by Muhammad
Zafarullah Khan and presented by A.K Fazal-ul-
Huq, the Prime Minister of Bengal , he said:
“Regions in which the Muslims are in majority as in
north-western and eastern zone of India should be
grouped to constituent units should be autonomous
and sovereign.”
o The Lahore resolution was actually adopted on
March 24, 1940, but officially in Pakistan March 23
is considered the date of its adoption.

19. IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN RESOLUTION
 It was made a part of All India Muslim League’s
constitution in 1941.
 It was execution of two-nation theory because it
showed Muslims as a separate nation.
 Muslims were able to be united, all Muslims were
united on one target and one nation.
 Muslims achieved the goal they always wanted.