The document discusses the right to equality as one of the six fundamental rights guaranteed to Indian citizens under the constitution. It defines rights as freedoms that are essential for personal and community well-being. The right to equality means equal treatment before the law regardless of status and prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, caste, gender or place of birth. However, affirmative action like reservations for marginalized groups does not violate equality. Untouchability, which denies certain communities access to public places and interactions, is forbidden and considered a punishable offense despite still being practiced in some forms.

2. OUR TOPIC IS
RIghT TO
eqUalITy....

5. WHAT IS THE MEANING
OF RIGHTS
 Rights literally
mean those
freedoms which
are essential for
personal good as
well as the good of
the community.

6. THE RIGHTS OF AN
INDIAN
The six fundamental
rights are:-
• Right to equality
• Right to freedom
• Right against
exploitation
• Right to freedom of
religion
• Cultural and
educational rights
• Right to constitutional
remedies

7. RIghT TO
FReedOm

8. RIGHT
AGAINST
EXPLIOTATION

9. The RIghT TO
FReedOm OF
RelIgION

10. CUL URAL AND
T
EDUCATIONAL
RIGH S
T

11. Right To
Constitutional
Remedies

12. Right To
Equality

13. RULE OF LAW
o The laws apply in the same manner to all regardless of a
person’s status this is called rule of law.
o The rule of law respects us as equals. It allows us to
organize our lives, plan our futures, and resolve disputes in a
rational way.
o It means that no person is above the law,there is no
distinction between a political leader , government official
and an ordinary citizen.
o Every citizen , from the prime minister to a small farmer in a
remote village , is subjected to the same laws .
o No person can legally claim any special treatment or
privilage just because he/she happens to be an important
person.

14. Implications of right to
equality
 The government shall discriminate against any citizen
on grounds only of religion.
 Every citizen shall have access to public places like
shops,restaurants,hotels and cinema halls.
 There shall be no restriction with regard to the use of
wells,tanks,bathing ghats,roads,and places of public
resorts maintained by govt or dedicated to the use of
general public.
 But traditional caste system didnot allow people from
some communities to acess all public places.

15. Equality of job opportunities.
 Equality doesnot mean giving everyone the same
treatment , no matter what they need .
 Equality means giving everyone an equal opportunity
to achieve whatever one is capable of .
 All citizens have equality of opportunity in matters
relating to employment /appointment to any position in
the government.
 No citizen shall be discriminated against or made
ineligible for employment on the grounds mentioned
above .
 The govt has provided reservations for SC and ST and
OBC.
 But this does not violate the right to equality .

16. Untouchability (Extreme Form Of Social
Discrimination)
 The constitution mentions one extreme form of social
discrimination, the practice of untouchability and clearly directs
the govt to put an end to it.
 Untouchability is forbidden in any form.
 Untouchability here doesnot mean refusal to touch people
belonging to certain castes.
 Instead it refers to any belief or social practice which looks
down on people on account of there birth with certain caste
labels .
 These type of practice denies them to interact with others or
acess to public places as equal citizens.
 Our constitution has made untouchability a punishable offense.

17. Forms Of Untouchability
In 1999, P.sainath wrote a series of news reports in The Hindu describing
untouchability and caste discrimination that was still practiced against dalits
and people belonging to SC . He travelled to various parts of the country
and found that in many places:-
 tea stalls kept to kinds of cups , one for dalits one for others;
 Barbers refused to serve dalit clients;
 Dalit students were made sit separately in the classroom or drink water from
separate picher ;
 dalit grooms were not allowed to ride a horse in the wedding procession ;
and
 Dalits were not allowed to use common hand pump or if they did , the hand
pump was washed to purify it.
all these fall under the category of untouchability.

18. Th
a
NK
yO
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