Rheumatic heart disease
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Rheumatic heart disease is caused by rheumatic fever, which is an inflammatory disease that can damage heart valves following a streptococcal infection like strep throat. India has a high burden of RHD, accounting for over a third of global deaths from the disease. Risk factors include low socioeconomic status, poor housing conditions, and inadequate access to healthcare. Diagnosis involves collecting a medical history, physical exam, ECG, echocardiogram, and lab tests. Prevention focuses on identifying and treating streptococcal infections early, particularly in high-risk school-aged children through continued antibiotic injections over many years. Improving living standards can also help break cycles of poverty and disease.
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Rheumatic heart disease ppt
Rheumatic heart disease is a major global health problem caused by untreated streptococcal infections like strep throat. It often leads to narrowing or stiffening of the heart valves. In India, the prevalence is about 6 per 1000 children aged 5-15, and it is the most common heart disease, accounting for 20-30% of cardiovascular hospital admissions. Nurses play an important role in prevention through health education, screening schoolchildren, and ensuring proper treatment of streptococcal infections to prevent recurrent rheumatic fever and further heart damage.
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- Rubella vaccination is recommended to control the disease.
Tb
Robert Koch discovered the tuberculosis bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 1882. TB remains a major global health problem, infecting one third of the world's population and causing millions of deaths each year, primarily in developing countries. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, tuberculin skin test, chest x-ray, and bacteriological confirmation through sputum smear and culture. Treatment requires long courses of multiple antibiotics to cure TB disease and prevent drug resistance, with directly observed therapy essential to ensure patient adherence and cure.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a global disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It infects around a third of the world's population and causes millions of deaths each year. Common symptoms include cough, weight loss, and fever. Diagnosis involves sputum smear microscopy, chest x-ray, and culture. Treatment requires prolonged multi-drug chemotherapy over 6-24 months to prevent drug resistance. Directly observed therapy is recommended to ensure treatment adherence and cure.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
This document provides information on pulmonary tuberculosis, including its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Some key points:
- Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and most commonly infects the lungs. It can spread through airborne droplets when a person with active TB coughs or sneezes.
- In 2017, there were nearly 10 million new TB cases globally, making it one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Rates are highest in Southeast Asia and India.
- Symptoms can include cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves tests like sputum smear, culture, chest x-ray,
Diphtheria :- acute bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Diphtheria is an acute bacterial infection caused by *Corynebacterium diphtheriae*. It primarily affects the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, particularly the throat and nose, but can also affect the skin. The hallmark of respiratory diphtheria is the formation of a thick, gray pseudomembrane covering the throat and tonsils, which can cause breathing difficulties and swallowing problems. Symptoms include sore throat, fever, swollen glands, and general malaise.
The bacteria produce a toxin that can lead to severe complications such as myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle), neuropathy, and airway obstruction. Diphtheria is highly contagious, spreading through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
Prevention is primarily through vaccination with the diphtheria toxoid, which is part of the DTP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) vaccine series given in childhood. Treatment includes administration of diphtheria antitoxin to neutralize the toxin, and antibiotics (such as penicillin or erythromycin) to eradicate the bacteria.
Prompt medical attention is crucial to manage diphtheria effectively and prevent severe complications or death.
Diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus
Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus are acute infectious diseases. Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and presents with a greyish membrane in the throat or on skin. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is caused by Bordetella pertussis and is characterized by paroxysmal coughing fits that can cause vomiting. Both diseases are vaccine-preventable but still occur worldwide. Treatment involves antitoxins, antibiotics, and isolation of cases. Vaccination programs have reduced rates of these diseases significantly in many countries.
13.Tuberculosis... management
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. There are several drug regimens used to treat TB, with the primary first-line drugs being isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin. Treatment must continue for a sufficient time, such as 6-9 months, to fully cure the infection and prevent relapse or development of drug resistance. Second-line drugs are used for cases of drug-resistant TB or in cases where patients cannot tolerate first-line drugs. The goals of TB treatment are to cure the patient, prevent death, prevent relapse
What is tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease of the lungs that is spread through the air when people with active TB cough, sneeze or spit. It remains a major public health issue, especially in Bangladesh where it kills about 70,000 people annually. Common symptoms include persistent coughing, chest pain, fatigue, and night sweats. While TB usually affects the lungs, it can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Treatment requires taking multiple antibiotics daily for 6-9 months under medical supervision. Preventive measures include vaccination, good nutrition, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding overcrowded living conditions.
Rheumatic heart-disease in nepal
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is caused by acute rheumatic fever and affects 39 million people worldwide, claiming 291,000 lives each year. It is a major public health problem in Nepal, with prevalence among school children between 0.9-1.35 per thousand. The Nepal RF/RHD Prevention and Control Program aims to reduce morbidity and mortality through early detection, registration of patients, secondary prophylaxis of penicillin injections, and raising awareness. Key elements include establishing treatment centers, developing an epidemiological registry, training health workers, and delivering ongoing care.
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Diphtheria :- acute bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Diphtheria :- acute bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae
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nursing management of patient with Empyema ppt
prepared by Prof. BLESSY THOMAS, SPN
Empyema is a disease of respiratory system It is defines as the accumulation of thick, purulent fluid within the pleural space, often with fibrin development.
Empyema is also called pyothorax or purulent pleuritis.
It’s a condition in which pus gathers in the area between the lungs and the inner surface of the chest wall. This area is known as the pleural space.
Pus is a fluid that’s filled with immune cells, dead cells, and bacteria.
Pus in the pleural space can’t be coughed out. Instead, it needs to be drained by a needle or surgery.
Empyema usually develops after pneumonia, which is an infection of the lung tissue. it is mainly caused due in infectious micro-organisms. It can be treated with medications and other measures.
Know Latest Hiranandani Hospital Powai News.pdf
As Mumbai's premier kidney transplant and donation center, L H Hiranandani Hospital Powai is not just a medical facility; it's a beacon of hope where cutting-edge science meets compassionate care, transforming lives and redefining the standards of kidney health in India.
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FACIAL NERVE
The facial nerve, also known as cranial nerve VII, is one of the 12 cranial nerves originating from the brain. It's a mixed nerve, meaning it contains both sensory and motor fibres, and it plays a crucial role in controlling various facial muscles, as well as conveying sensory information from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
一比一原版(UoA毕业证)昆士兰科技大学毕业证如何办理
UoA毕业证学历书【微信95270640】办文凭{昆士兰科技大学毕业证}Q微Q微信95270640UoA毕业证书成绩单/学历认证UoA Diploma未毕业、挂科怎么办？+QQ微信：Q微信95270640-大学Offer（申请大学）、成绩单（申请考研）、语言证书、在读证明、使馆公证、办真实留信网认证、真实大使馆认证、学历认证
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国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理流程：
1客户提供办理昆士兰科技大学昆士兰科技大学毕业证文凭证书信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作昆士兰科技大学毕业证成绩单电子图；
3昆士兰科技大学毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4昆士兰科技大学毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5昆士兰科技大学成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快递邮寄昆士兰科技大学昆士兰科技大学毕业证文凭证书）。闷不乐的样子父亲特意带山娃去找三楼房东家的儿子小伍玩小伍比山娃小一岁虎头虎脑的很霸气父亲让山娃跟小伍去夏令营听课山娃很高兴夏令营就设在附近一所小学山娃发现那所小学比自己的学校更大更美操场上还铺有塑胶跑道呢里面很多小朋友一班一班的快快乐乐原来城里娃都藏这儿来了怪不得平时见不到他们山娃恍然大悟起来吹拉弹唱琴棋书画山娃都不懂却什么都想学山娃怨自己太笨什么都不会斟酌再三山娃终于选定了学美术当听说每月要交感
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
Hypotension and role of physiotherapy in it
This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
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According to TechSci Research report, “India Medical Devices Market Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition, Opportunity and Forecast, 2019-2029,” the India Medical Devices Market was valued at USD 15.35 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to witness impressive growth in the forecast period, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.35% through 2029. This growth is driven by various factors, including strategic collaborations and partnerships among leading companies, a growing population, and the increasing demand for advanced healthcare solutions.
Recent Trends
Strategic Collaborations and Partnerships
One of the most significant trends driving the India Medical Devices Market is the increasing number of collaborations and partnerships among leading companies. These alliances aim to merge the expertise of individual companies to strengthen their market position and enhance their product offerings. For instance, partnerships between local manufacturers and international companies bring advanced technologies and manufacturing techniques to the Indian market, fostering innovation and improving product quality.
Browse over XX market data Figures and spread through XX Pages and an in-depth TOC on " India Medical Devices Market.” - https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/india-medical-devices-market/8161.html
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We look into the evolution of health informatics and its applications in the healthcare industry.
HIMMS TIGER resources are available to assist Health Informatics education.
Indian Health universities, IT Education institutions, and the healthcare industry must proactively collaborate to start health informatics courses on a big scale. An advocacy push from various stakeholders is also needed for this goal.
Health informatics has huge employment potential and provides a big business opportunity for the healthcare industry. A big pool of trained health informatics manpower can lead to product & service innovations on a global scale in India.
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一比一原版(EUR毕业证)鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证如何办理
EUR毕业证offer【微信95270640】《鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证书原版制作EUR成绩单》【Q微信95270640】《仿制EUR毕业证成绩单鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学学位证书pdf电子图》，A.为什么留学生需要操作留信认证?
留信认证全称全国留学生信息服务网认证,隶属于北京中科院。①留信认证门槛条件更低,费用更美丽,并且包过,完单周期短,效率高②留信认证虽然不能去国企,但是一般的公司都没有问题,因为国内很多公司连基本的留学生学历认证都不了解。这对于留学生来说,这就比自己光拿一个证书更有说服力,因为留学学历可以在留信网站上进行查询!
B.为什么我们提供的毕业证成绩单具有使用价值？
查询留服认证是国内鉴别留学生海外学历的唯一途径，但认证只是个体行为，不是所有留学生都操作，所以没有办理认证的留学生的学历在国内也是查询不到的，他们也仅仅只有一张文凭。所以这时候我们提供的和学校颁发的一模一样的毕业证成绩单，就有了使用价值。
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鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证假文凭毕业证 #成绩单等全套材料从防伪到印刷从水印到钢印烫金跟学校原版100%相同.
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1客户提供办理鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证假文凭信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证成绩单电子图；
3鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快递邮寄鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学毕业证假文凭）。地跟着父亲昼夜兼程第二天凌晨就辗转到了父亲的城哇父亲的城真的好大好美哟走出广州火车东站的那一刻山娃感受到了一种从未有过的激动和震撼太美了可爱的广州父亲的城山娃惊喜得几乎叫出声来山娃觉得父亲太伟大了居然能单匹马地跑到这么远这么大这么美的地方赚大钱高楼大厦鳞次栉比大街小巷人潮涌动山娃一路张望一路惊叹他发现城里的桥居然层层叠叠扭来扭去桥下没水却有着水一般的车水马龙山娃惊诧于城里的公交车那么大那么美不的
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Health Tech Market Intelligence Prelim Questions -
The Ultimate Guide to Setting up Market Research in Health Tech part -1
How to effectively start market research in the health tech industry by defining objectives, crafting problem statements, selecting methods, identifying data collection sources, and setting clear timelines. This guide covers all the preliminary steps needed to lay a strong foundation for your research.
This lays foundation of scoping research project what are the
Before embarking on a research project, especially one aimed at scoping and defining parameters like the one described for health tech IT, several crucial considerations should be addressed. Here’s a comprehensive guide covering key aspects to ensure a well-structured and successful research initiative:
1. Define Research Objectives and Scope
Clear Objectives: Define specific goals such as understanding market needs, identifying new opportunities, assessing risks, or refining pricing strategies.
Scope Definition: Clearly outline the boundaries of the research in terms of geographical focus, target demographics (e.g., age, socio-economic status), and industry sectors (e.g., healthcare IT).
3. Review Existing Literature and Resources
Literature Review: Conduct a thorough review of existing research, market reports, and relevant literature to build foundational knowledge.
Gap Analysis: Identify gaps in existing knowledge or areas where further exploration is needed.
4. Select Research Methodology and Tools
Methodological Approach: Choose appropriate research methods such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, or data analytics.
Tools and Resources: Select tools like Google Forms for surveys, analytics platforms (e.g., SimilarWeb, Statista), and expert consultations.
5. Ethical Considerations and Compliance
Ethical Approval: Ensure compliance with ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects.
Data Privacy: Implement measures to protect participant confidentiality and adhere to data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA).
6. Budget and Resource Allocation
Resource Planning: Allocate resources including time, budget, and personnel required for each phase of the research.
Contingency Planning: Anticipate and plan for unforeseen challenges or adjustments to the research plan.
7. Develop Research Instruments
Survey Design: Create well-structured surveys using tools like Google Forms to gather quantitative data.
Interview and Focus Group Guides: Prepare detailed scripts and discussion points for qualitative data collection.
8. Sampling Strategy
Sampling Design: Define the sampling frame, size, and method (e.g., random sampling, stratified sampling) to ensure representation of target demographics.
Participant Recruitment: Plan recruitment strategies to reach and engage the intended participant groups effectively.
9. Data Collection and Analysis Plan
Data Collection: Implement methods for data gathering, ensuring consistency and validity.
Analysis Techniques: Decide on analytical approaches (e.g., statistical
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Health Tech Market Intelligence Prelim Questions -
Health Tech Market Intelligence Prelim Questions -
Rheumatic heart disease
- 1. Marciel Da Costa Junior Tutor
- 2. Prevalence • India is home to 40% of all people living with RHD. Of the estimated 33 million people with RHD, 13.2 million live in India. Likewise, in the year 2015, of the 347 000 deaths due to RHD worldwide, nearly 120 000 (over a third) are estimated to have occurred in India.
- 3. Definition Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which the heart valves have been permanently damaged by rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can affect many connective tissues, especially in the heart.
- 5. Causes of RHD 1. Bacteria called group A Streptococcus or group A strep cause strep throat and scarlet fever. It usually takes about 1 to 5 weeks after strep throat or scarlet fever for rheumatic fever to develop. 2. Rheumatic fever is thought to be caused by a response of the body's defense system — the immune system.
- 8. Agent Factors: Group A Beta hemolytic streptococci. Host factors: Disease of Childhood and Adolescents . (15 to 30 ) Risk groups are slum dwellers Environmental factors: Low socio economic status, Poor housing conditions. Inadequate health care experts
- 12. Diagnosis Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical manifestations. • History collection • Physical examination • ECG • Echocardiograms • Laboratory Investigation
- 14. Prevention and control Primary Prevention Prevent the first attack of RF, by identifying all the patients with streptococcal infections. Viable approach : To concentrate on high risk groups (School-age children). Under surveillance.
- 15. Secondary Prevention • Practical approach in Developing countries • Identifying and giving them 1 intramuscular injection of Benzathine benzyl penicillin at intervals of 3 weeks. • Continued for 5 years until child reaches the age of 18 • Pts with carditis – continue injection for 10years after last attack – until 25 years • More severe – Valvular surgery is required.
- 18. Non- Medical Approaches • Breaking the poverty- disease- poverty cycle. • Improvements in socioeconomic status. Particularly better housing.
- 19. Role of a Community health nurse Nurses can assist in school health surveys to detect cases of RF and administering treatment as prescribed by the physician.