Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks. The best known example of quantum cryptography is quantum key distribution which offers an information-theoretically secure solution to the key exchange problem. Currently used popular public-key encryption and signature schemes can be broken by quantum adversaries. The advantage of quantum cryptography lies in the fact that it allows the completion of various cryptographic tasks that are proven or conjectured to be impossible using only classical communication. For example, it is impossible to copy data encoded in a quantum state and the very act of reading data encoded in a quantum state changes the state. This is used to detect eavesdropping in quantum key distribution.
Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks. The best known example of quantum cryptography is quantum key distribution which offers an information-theoretically secure solution to the key exchange problem. Currently used popular public-key encryption and signature schemes can be broken by quantum adversaries. The advantage of quantum cryptography lies in the fact that it allows the completion of various cryptographic tasks that are proven or conjectured to be impossible using only classical communication. For example, it is impossible to copy data encoded in a quantum state and the very act of reading data encoded in a quantum state changes the state. This is used to detect eavesdropping in quantum key distribution.
Teaching with Twitter: Is There A Place For Social Media In Higher Education?Kristopher Maday
This is a talk I gave at the 2015 University of Alabama System Scholars Institute Conference. In it I discuss how we as educators need to utilize social media to reach the "Millenial" generations and how we can use this medium as part of our promotion and tenure evidence for scholarly activity.
The word "myopathy" means disease of the muscle tissue. As the term implies, mitochondrial myopathy (MM) is a neuromuscular disease caused by damage to the mitochondria. Many patients with mitochondrial disease have a mitochondrial myopathy, either as their sole diagnosis or as an additional, descriptive co-diagnosis as part of their mitochondrial disorder. Mitochondrial myopathy may be present in adults and children, and may occur with or without a genetic mitochondrial disease diagnosis. Further, several clinical trials are currently examining the impact of various therapies or potential treatments for people with mitochondrial myopathy.
Teaching with Twitter: Is There A Place For Social Media In Higher Education?Kristopher Maday
This is a talk I gave at the 2015 University of Alabama System Scholars Institute Conference. In it I discuss how we as educators need to utilize social media to reach the "Millenial" generations and how we can use this medium as part of our promotion and tenure evidence for scholarly activity.
The word "myopathy" means disease of the muscle tissue. As the term implies, mitochondrial myopathy (MM) is a neuromuscular disease caused by damage to the mitochondria. Many patients with mitochondrial disease have a mitochondrial myopathy, either as their sole diagnosis or as an additional, descriptive co-diagnosis as part of their mitochondrial disorder. Mitochondrial myopathy may be present in adults and children, and may occur with or without a genetic mitochondrial disease diagnosis. Further, several clinical trials are currently examining the impact of various therapies or potential treatments for people with mitochondrial myopathy.
A Multimodal Regenerative Approach to TBI - ROME 2019Megan Hughes
Dr. Hughes speaks at the Regional Osteopathic Medical Education conference in Keystone on February 8th, 2019. His presentation discusses the Multimodal, Regenerative Approach to TBI This will be his second time presenting with the American Osteopathic Association and his fifth time discussing this approach with brain injury. Treatments include hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), intranasal PRP and insulin, intranasal adult pluripotent stem cells, the ketogenic diet, IV nutrition, and cranial osteopathy.
Proteins, peptides and amino acid derivatives
Proteins are large molecules made of many amino acids
Peptides are smaller molecules typically made of a few amino acids
Amino acid derivatives are molecules derived from a single amino acid
Endocrinology is a specialty of medicine; some would say a sub-specialty of internal medicine, which deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to hormones. Endocrinology covers such human functions as the coordination of metabolism, respiration, reproduction, sensory perception, and movement
At the 7th World Congress of Diabetes Prevention and Its Complications, ISIC sponsored a session entitled, Good things in life: Can coffee help in diabetes prevention? Speakers at the conference session included Dr. Nathan Matusheski - Associate Principal Scientist, Mondelēz International.
See presentation for details
Presentation Lecture for Undergraduate students of Bio-chemistry, Biotechnology, Bio-organic chemistry for fundamentals and essentials of hormones in vertebrate living systems.
Dr. Hughes discusses the TBI Therapy mutlimodal approach to treating traumatic brain injury including hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), IV nutrition, intransal PRP, insulin, and adult stem cells, cranial osteopathy, and the ketogenic diet at the OMED conference in Baltimore.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
1. Kristopher Maday, MS, PA-C
Program Director/Associate Professor
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Physician Assistant Program
2.
3. Target Tissue Effect Mechanism
Heart
Chronotropic
Increase number and affinity of β-
adrenergic receptors
Inotropic
Enhance responses to circulating
catacholamines
Adipose Tissue Catabolic Stimulate lipolysis
Muscle Catabolic Increase protein breakdown
Bone
Developmental
Metabolic
Promote normal skeletal development,
accelerates bone turnover
Nervous System Developmental Promote normal brain development
Gut Metabolic Increase rate of carbohydrate absorption
Lipoprotein Metabolic Stimulates LDL receptor formation
Metabolism Calorigenic
Increases metabolic rate by stimulating
O2 consumption of metabolically active
tissues
4. • Infectious
– Staphylococcus, streptococcus
– Signs and Symptoms
• Rapid onset
• Neck pain, fever, chills, dysphagia
– Ultrasound to evaluate for abscess
– Treatment
• IV antibiotics PO after 2-3d defervescence
5. • Subacute
– 2 main causes
• Post-viral infection (2-8 weeks)
• Autoimmune
– Signs and Symptoms
• Enlarged, tender thyroid
– Laboratory
• Elevated ESR or CRP
• (+) thyroglobulin or thyroperoxidase
• Variable thyroid panel
9. • Grave’s Disease
– Most common cause of hyperthyroidism is US
– Autoimmune disease
• High association with other autoimmune diseases
– Female:Male 8:1
– Onset in 20s-40s
T3 > T4
Triiodothyronine 90% is derived from peripheral deiodination of T4
Thyroxine
Hashimoto’s autoimmune
De Quarvain’s post-viral
Supportive
Pain control
Thyroid dysfunction
Notice the right lobeatrophy in response to the hyeprfucntioning left lobe
Amiodorone induced
Trial fibrillation and premature atrial complexes
Tracheal compression
Propanolol in high doses (>160mg/day) can block peripheral diodination of T3
Propanolol in high doses (>160mg/day) can block peripheral diodination of T3
Panel A shows the processing of radioiodine in a thyroid follicle. The thyrotropin receptor and the sodium–iodine symporter (NIS) are located on the basolateral membrane. Iodine is actively transported across the apical membrane in a pendrin-dependent process. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, thyroid peroxidase facilitates the iodination of the tyrosyl residues of thyroxin. The resulting compound is subsequently coupled to form free thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Panel B shows the patterns of radioiodine uptake into the thyroid in Graves' disease (diffuse uptake), in toxic adenoma (focal uptake), and in toxic nodular goiter (focal or patchy uptake), which has both autonomous and nonfunctioning nodules.
Amiodorone, lithium
May start lower in older patients
Symptoms improve in 2 weeks
Titrate for symptoms and normalization of TSH
Severe, life-threatening hypothyroidism
Same symptoms as hypothyroidism, but much more severe
AMS, coma, seizures, hypothermia, hyponatremia, “doughy” skin
Causes
Systemic illness or sudden cessation of levothyroxine
T3 is continued until symptoms abate patient becomes stable