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Review of
Literature (ROL)
- Dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
What Is the Big Question for A
Research??????? !!!!!!!!!
18-03-20192
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
18-03-20193
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Objectives of the Session
 To define the term Review of Related
Literature
 To Understand the Purpose and Process of
Reviewing the Literature
 To acquire the skills of searching the most
appropriate reviews from the available
sources
 To enhance the skills of analysis for writing
reviews that would help to bridge the gap of
researches conducted in the past and
research to be taken up for the future
18-03-20194
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
 “and then it's like a whole new set of rooms
opens on the side of my brain, an entire wing
of the house that was built before I learned to
read but was never lived in, these beautiful
furnished empty rooms I had no idea were
there.”
18-03-20195
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
What is the literature Review
Review of literature is a collective body of
works done by earlier scientists and
published in the form of books or in the form
of articles in journals or published as
monograph etc.
Every scientific investigation starts with a
Review of Literature
18-03-20196
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Definition
According to university of wincosin writing
centre
“critical analysis of a segment of a published
body of knowledge through summary,
classification, and comparison of prior research
studies, reviews of literature, and theoretical
articles”
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dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
18-03-20198
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Purpose of Review of Literature
Specific purpose
 Identifying variables relevant for research
 Avoidance of repetition
 Synthesis of prior works
 Determining meaning and relationship among
variables
18-03-20199
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Additional Reasons
In addition to these specific purposes, there are
some general purposes of the literature review:
 To argue for the relevance and the significance of
the research question.
 To provide the context for one’s own
methodological approach
 To establish one’s own credibility as a
knowledgeable and capable researcher.
 To argue for the relevance and appropriateness
of one’s own approach
18-03-201910
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Diagram of the review
18-03-201911
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
SOURCES OF THE REVIEW OF
LITERATURE
 Journals and Books
 Reviews
 Abstracts
 Indexes
 Internet
 Doctoral Dissertations
 Supervisors/Research Professors
18-03-201912
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Types Of The Review Of
Literature: For Sciences and
Social Sciences
 Subject-Specific Books
 Grey
 Official Publications, Archives and Statistics
Official Publications, Archives and Statistics
 Writing Aids
 Journal Articles
18-03-201913
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Steps of Literature review
 Select a topic
 Search & Choose the review literature
 Analyse and Interpret the literature
 Write the review
18-03-201914
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Key points of a literature review
• Tell me what the research says(Theory)
• Tell me how the research was carried out
(Methodology)
• Tell me what is missing or the gap that
research intends to fill.(Research gap
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dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Understanding what is needed
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dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Reviewing the literature
 What was the question of the research study?
What were the cited and referenced authors trying
to discover or prove?
 Was the research of the cited author being funded
by an influencing source?
 What were the methodologies used in the cited
works? Analyze the whole literature, all the
sample, variables, results, and conclusions.
 Was the research completed? Did it get to a point,
proving or discovering something?
 Our studies in conflict with the one being
presented? Is the other more influential or giving a
proved answer?
18-03-201917
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
WRITING PROCESS OF THE
REVIEW OF LITERATURE :
Scientific and Social Sciences
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dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
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dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
18-03-201920
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Format / style of Writing Reviews
 Year
 Author(s) + Year
 Title
 APA Reference
 Type of Resource
 Abstract
 Keywords
 Location (Canada, United States, United Kingdom, Other)
 Purpose/Objectives
 Research Questions
 Survey/Interview/Focus Group Questions
 Sample
 Quantitative/Qualitative Design
 Main Findings
 Notes (where I put quotations I might want to use)
18-03-201921
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Basic search Strategy
 Reading
 Abstracting
 Critiquing Articles
 Indexing
18-03-201922
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Critiquing Research
 A research Critique is an analysis of the
research undertaking that focuses on its
strengths and limitations,
 Critiquing is a systematic process for
evaluating research studies and the results
reported
18-03-201923
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Purpose of Research Critiquing
“The purpose of a Research Critique is to
determine whether the findings are usable for
you”
Brink & Wood , 2001,p.57
18-03-201924
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Why Do a Research Critique?
 Not All Published research is scientifically
sound
 Results may have little support for their
validity and may reflect a bias
Therefore we need to
Understand the purpose and problem
while determining the design and methodology
of the purpose and reflect on the quality
18-03-201925
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Elements of Critiquing Research
 Substantive & theoretical dimensions
 Methodological dimensions
 Ethical dimensions
 Interpretative dimensions
 Presentation/stylistic dimensions
18-03-201926
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Abstracting
 An abbreviated and accurate representation
of significant substance of a documentary unit
 An abstract is a summary usually by a
professional, other than the author, of
essential contents of a work, usually an article
in a periodical together with the specification
of its original”.(Ranganathan)
18-03-201927
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Types of Abstract
 Structured abstract: Description of published paper In
which the information is • systematic • stylized • broken
down under the main heading All these things gave us
whole article information.
 Un structured abstract: which did not gave us the
heading. which gave us the paragraph of whole article.
Special requirement for single publication.
 Descriptive abstract: Point out the relationship among
the topic. Considered working and write an abstract.
As an abstract provide background information. Use
paragraph generously to discuss the topic.
 Critical abstract: This is a critical evaluation of Article.
Compare with other work. Critical abstract is a’
condensed critical review
18-03-201928
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
Indexing
 An index consists of short indention of
information with an adequate bibliographical
citation
 Index help to locate the required information
 The index is only used for fact-finding
 An index is usually indicative
 An Index is not a real surrogate of the
document
18-03-201929
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
 Finally The flow of steps for reviewing the
literature in Sciences and Social Sciences
18-03-201930
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
18-03-201931
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
 Sample of Review of Literature ---
 ---
18-03-201932
dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty

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literature review

  • 1. Review of Literature (ROL) - Dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 2. What Is the Big Question for A Research??????? !!!!!!!!! 18-03-20192 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 4. Objectives of the Session  To define the term Review of Related Literature  To Understand the Purpose and Process of Reviewing the Literature  To acquire the skills of searching the most appropriate reviews from the available sources  To enhance the skills of analysis for writing reviews that would help to bridge the gap of researches conducted in the past and research to be taken up for the future 18-03-20194 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 5.  “and then it's like a whole new set of rooms opens on the side of my brain, an entire wing of the house that was built before I learned to read but was never lived in, these beautiful furnished empty rooms I had no idea were there.” 18-03-20195 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 6. What is the literature Review Review of literature is a collective body of works done by earlier scientists and published in the form of books or in the form of articles in journals or published as monograph etc. Every scientific investigation starts with a Review of Literature 18-03-20196 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 7. Definition According to university of wincosin writing centre “critical analysis of a segment of a published body of knowledge through summary, classification, and comparison of prior research studies, reviews of literature, and theoretical articles” 18-03-20197 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 9. Purpose of Review of Literature Specific purpose  Identifying variables relevant for research  Avoidance of repetition  Synthesis of prior works  Determining meaning and relationship among variables 18-03-20199 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 10. Additional Reasons In addition to these specific purposes, there are some general purposes of the literature review:  To argue for the relevance and the significance of the research question.  To provide the context for one’s own methodological approach  To establish one’s own credibility as a knowledgeable and capable researcher.  To argue for the relevance and appropriateness of one’s own approach 18-03-201910 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 11. Diagram of the review 18-03-201911 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 12. SOURCES OF THE REVIEW OF LITERATURE  Journals and Books  Reviews  Abstracts  Indexes  Internet  Doctoral Dissertations  Supervisors/Research Professors 18-03-201912 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 13. Types Of The Review Of Literature: For Sciences and Social Sciences  Subject-Specific Books  Grey  Official Publications, Archives and Statistics Official Publications, Archives and Statistics  Writing Aids  Journal Articles 18-03-201913 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 14. Steps of Literature review  Select a topic  Search & Choose the review literature  Analyse and Interpret the literature  Write the review 18-03-201914 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 15. Key points of a literature review • Tell me what the research says(Theory) • Tell me how the research was carried out (Methodology) • Tell me what is missing or the gap that research intends to fill.(Research gap 18-03-201915 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 16. Understanding what is needed 18-03-201916 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 17. Reviewing the literature  What was the question of the research study? What were the cited and referenced authors trying to discover or prove?  Was the research of the cited author being funded by an influencing source?  What were the methodologies used in the cited works? Analyze the whole literature, all the sample, variables, results, and conclusions.  Was the research completed? Did it get to a point, proving or discovering something?  Our studies in conflict with the one being presented? Is the other more influential or giving a proved answer? 18-03-201917 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 18. WRITING PROCESS OF THE REVIEW OF LITERATURE : Scientific and Social Sciences 18-03-201918 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 21. Format / style of Writing Reviews  Year  Author(s) + Year  Title  APA Reference  Type of Resource  Abstract  Keywords  Location (Canada, United States, United Kingdom, Other)  Purpose/Objectives  Research Questions  Survey/Interview/Focus Group Questions  Sample  Quantitative/Qualitative Design  Main Findings  Notes (where I put quotations I might want to use) 18-03-201921 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 22. Basic search Strategy  Reading  Abstracting  Critiquing Articles  Indexing 18-03-201922 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 23. Critiquing Research  A research Critique is an analysis of the research undertaking that focuses on its strengths and limitations,  Critiquing is a systematic process for evaluating research studies and the results reported 18-03-201923 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 24. Purpose of Research Critiquing “The purpose of a Research Critique is to determine whether the findings are usable for you” Brink & Wood , 2001,p.57 18-03-201924 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 25. Why Do a Research Critique?  Not All Published research is scientifically sound  Results may have little support for their validity and may reflect a bias Therefore we need to Understand the purpose and problem while determining the design and methodology of the purpose and reflect on the quality 18-03-201925 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 26. Elements of Critiquing Research  Substantive & theoretical dimensions  Methodological dimensions  Ethical dimensions  Interpretative dimensions  Presentation/stylistic dimensions 18-03-201926 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 27. Abstracting  An abbreviated and accurate representation of significant substance of a documentary unit  An abstract is a summary usually by a professional, other than the author, of essential contents of a work, usually an article in a periodical together with the specification of its original”.(Ranganathan) 18-03-201927 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 28. Types of Abstract  Structured abstract: Description of published paper In which the information is • systematic • stylized • broken down under the main heading All these things gave us whole article information.  Un structured abstract: which did not gave us the heading. which gave us the paragraph of whole article. Special requirement for single publication.  Descriptive abstract: Point out the relationship among the topic. Considered working and write an abstract. As an abstract provide background information. Use paragraph generously to discuss the topic.  Critical abstract: This is a critical evaluation of Article. Compare with other work. Critical abstract is a’ condensed critical review 18-03-201928 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 29. Indexing  An index consists of short indention of information with an adequate bibliographical citation  Index help to locate the required information  The index is only used for fact-finding  An index is usually indicative  An Index is not a real surrogate of the document 18-03-201929 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 30.  Finally The flow of steps for reviewing the literature in Sciences and Social Sciences 18-03-201930 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty
  • 32.  Sample of Review of Literature ---  --- 18-03-201932 dr Ritu Tripathi Chakravarty