This document discusses different types of retaining walls, including gravity, cantilevered, counter fort, precast concrete, and sheet pile walls. It describes factors that influence retaining wall design such as soil type, water table height, and subsurface water movement. The key forces that act on retaining walls are also examined: pressure at rest, active earth pressure, and passive earth pressure. Finally, five common modes of retaining wall failure are identified: sliding, overturning, bearing capacity, shallow shear, and deep shear failures.

1. ‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
Retaining Wall
‫المجموعة‬ ‫أعضاء‬:-
‫عطاونة‬ ‫ماهر‬
‫قباجة‬ ‫السالم‬ ‫عبد‬
‫االسطة‬ ‫حسين‬
‫اشرف‬:-‫د‬.‫الجوالني‬ ‫نبيل‬

2. Definition of retaining wall
Retaining Wall
Angle of repose

3. Retaining walls terminology:-

4. Typical dimensions of different types of retaining
walls

5. -:Type of Retaining wall
Gravity
retaining wall
Cantilevered
retaining wall
Counter fort
retaining wall
Precast
concrete
retaining wall
Precast
concrete crib
retaining wall
Sheet pile wall

6. • Gravity retaining walls

7. • Cantilevered retaining wall

8. • Counter fort retaining wall

9. Bolt down
Cast in
Heavy duty
Freestanding

10. Cast in Bolt down

11. Freestanding Heavy duty

12. •Precast concrete crib retaining wall

13. • Sheet pile wall

14. -:Drainage system of retaining walls

15. Factors and considerations in the-
:design ofretaining walls
• Nature & type of soil
• Height of water table
• Subsoil water movements
• Type of wall
• Material used in the construction of the wall

16. Forces acting on a retaining wall :-
Pressure at rest
Active earth
pressure
Passive earth
pressure

17. Pressure at rest :-

18. -:Active earth pressure
.

19. -:Passive earth pressure

20. diagrams of forces acting on a retaining wall

22. There is five Modes of failure
Sliding Failure
Overturning Failure
Bearing capacity
Failure
Shallow shear Failure
Deep shear Failure

23. Sliding Failure
Sliding failure is nothing but sliding of wall away from backfill when there is
shearing failure at the base ofwall
The Factor of safety against sliding is:-
ROf resultantVertical & horizontal components-:RV&RH
of weight of wall & earth pressure
µ = coefficient of friction = tan δ

24. Overturning failure
Overturning failure is rotation of wall about its toe due to
exceeding of moment caused due to overturning forces to
resisting forces
-:The Factor of safety against overturning is given by
= sum of resisting moment about toe
= sum of overturning moment about toe

25. Bearing capacity failure :-
The pressure exerted by resultant vertical force at toe of wall must not
exceed the allowable bearing capacity of the soil , the pressure
distribution is assumed to be linear
The maximum pressure is given by :
:The Factor of safety against bearing failure is

26. Shallow shear failure

27. Deep shear failure

28. case study
Retaining wall failure in Austria on 30th October 2012

29. Thank you for
listening