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Restrictive lung disease final
The document discusses restrictive lung disease, outlining its main types, causes, and characteristics, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting lung tissue. It details the diagnosis through lung function tests and compares obstructive airway disease with restrictive lung disease, emphasizing the effects and complications of pulmonary fibrosis. Treatment options are mentioned, highlighting that while pulmonary fibrosis cannot be reversed, certain therapies can alleviate symptoms and slow disease progression.
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Restrictive lung disease final
- 1. Restrictive Lung Disease Deegala S.A. DeemanthiM.N. Dias P.G.N.J. Dilanka I.W.G.M. Dinuraji K.S.H.
- 2. What arethe main types of lung diseases? Characteristic of the restrictive lung disease Different causes for restrictive lung disease Identification of restrictive lung disease by lung function test Comparison between obstructive airway disease and restrictive lung disease Objectives
- 3. Lung Diseases Obstructive Airway Disease Restrictive LungDisease Pulmonary Circulation Disease
- 4. Restrictive lung disease Intrinsicfactors • Diseases of lung parenchyma (lung fibrosis) • Inflammation or scarring of lung tissue Extrinsic factors • Extra parenchymal disease • Thoracic cage disorders (Scoliosis, Kyphosis) • Disorders affecting pleura (Pleural thickening, Pneumothorax) • Neuromuscular disorders (Respiratory muscle paralysis)
- 5. • Occupational andenvironmental factors silica dust - silicosis asbestos fibers - asbestosis • Radiation treatment • Smoking Factors that affect lung tissue
- 6. • Medications chemotherapy drugs- methotrexate antiarrhythmic drug - amiodarone • Medical conditions Pneumonia Tuberculosis Rheumatoid arthritis Factors that affect lung tissue contd.
- 7. Pulmonary fibrosis occurswhen lung tissue becomes damaged and scarred. This thickened, stiff tissue makes it more difficult for lungs to expand Because of lung fibrosis elasticity compliance Intrinsic factors
- 8. Lung compliance inpulmonary fibrosis
- 9. • Signs andsymptoms of pulmonary fibrosis Shortness of breath (dyspnea) Dry cough Fatigue Unexplained weight loss Aching muscles and joints Pulmonary fibrosis
- 10. • Complications Pulmonary hypertension Rightheart failure Respiratory failure Lung cancer Pulmonary fibrosis contd.
- 11. • Difficulty inexpansion of lungs reduces the ventilation • Reduces gas exchange • Pco2 increases in blood while Po2 decreases • Hypercapnoea and Hypoxia lead to elevation of blood H+ and reduces the blood pH Changes in blood gas levels in pulmonary fibrosis
- 12. Diagnosis •Chest X-ray •Lung functiontest •CT scan •Echocardiogram •Lung biopsy
- 13. A spirometer willmeasure how much air can be exhaled after a maximal inspiration Lung function test
- 14. Restricted lungexpansion effectively reduce Total lung capacity (TLC) Vital capacity (VC) Forced vital capacity (FVC) Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) Lung function test in lung fibrosis
- 15. But FEV1/FVCratio remains normal because FEV1 and FVC both reduced proportionately or ratio may be high Peak expiratory flow rate will be reduced in severe restrictive lung diseases Lung function test in lung fibrosis contd..
- 16. Lung function testin lung fibrosis contd..
- 17. Obstructive air way disease Restrictivelung disease FEV1 FVC FEV1/FVC normal compliance elasticity FEV1 FVC normal or reduced FEV1/FVC
- 18. Lung function testin lung fibrosis contd.. 0
- 19. • Pulmonary fibrosiscannot be reversed • Some treatments reduce the symptoms and slow the progress of the disease Treatments and drugs for lung fibrosis
- 20. • Treatment Initially treatedwith a corticosteroid Sometimes in combination with other drugs that suppress the immune system e.g. - cyclosporine Oxygen therapy (not very effective if the pulmonary ventilation is significantly reduced) Treatments and drugs for lung fibrosis contd.
- 21. Ganong’s Reviewof Medical Physiology 24th Edition Hutchison’s clinical methods 23rd Edition Kumar & Clarks Clinical Medicine Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/pubmed .html References
- 22. Special thanks to Dr.Sampath Gunawardena Senior Lecturer Department of Physiology
- 23.