CHEST MOBILIZATION EXERCISES, COUNTER-ROTATION TECHNIQUE, BUTTERFLY TECHNIQUE, BREATH CONTROL DURING WALKING. These Mobilization Techniques are useful to improve Chest Wall Mobility and Expansion in Patients with Restricted Chest wall movements and also Postoperative patients
Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration is a treatment technique used for respiratory care of patients with unconscious or non-alert, and ventilated, and also with a neurological condition
NPF is the use of external proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that produce reflex respiratory movement responses and that increase the rate and depth of breathing
physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Sunil kumar
role of physiotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, principles of physical therapy management in copd, physiotherapy assessing and treatment for copd
CHEST MOBILIZATION EXERCISES, COUNTER-ROTATION TECHNIQUE, BUTTERFLY TECHNIQUE, BREATH CONTROL DURING WALKING. These Mobilization Techniques are useful to improve Chest Wall Mobility and Expansion in Patients with Restricted Chest wall movements and also Postoperative patients
Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration is a treatment technique used for respiratory care of patients with unconscious or non-alert, and ventilated, and also with a neurological condition
NPF is the use of external proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that produce reflex respiratory movement responses and that increase the rate and depth of breathing
physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Sunil kumar
role of physiotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, principles of physical therapy management in copd, physiotherapy assessing and treatment for copd
Application of PEP devices in Cardiorespiratory physiotherapy.
It includes types of PEP devices and their uses in physiotherapy..
It stands for positive expiratory pressure.
It includes spirometry, flutter, rc cornet, acapella, etc.
useful in various cardiorespiratory disorders like COPD, asthma , cystic fibrosis, respiratory failure etc.
Inspiratory Muscle Training or Respiratory Muscle Training or Ventilatory Muscle Training. IMT is the physiotherapy technique, with the help of different breathing exercises.
\It is a condition of the lung characterized by permanent dilatation of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles with destruction of the walls of these airways.
Chronic Bronchitis
It is a disease characterized by daily cough with sputum for at least 3 months of the year for at least 2 consecutive years and airway obstruction which is irreversible.
Application of PEP devices in Cardiorespiratory physiotherapy.
It includes types of PEP devices and their uses in physiotherapy..
It stands for positive expiratory pressure.
It includes spirometry, flutter, rc cornet, acapella, etc.
useful in various cardiorespiratory disorders like COPD, asthma , cystic fibrosis, respiratory failure etc.
Inspiratory Muscle Training or Respiratory Muscle Training or Ventilatory Muscle Training. IMT is the physiotherapy technique, with the help of different breathing exercises.
\It is a condition of the lung characterized by permanent dilatation of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles with destruction of the walls of these airways.
Chronic Bronchitis
It is a disease characterized by daily cough with sputum for at least 3 months of the year for at least 2 consecutive years and airway obstruction which is irreversible.
Children and adults differ physically and mentally.
As a nurses it is necessary to learn the differences to deliver the care accordingly.
CLASSIFICATION:
Anatomical differences
Physiological differences
Psychological differences
Children are more prone to dehydration than adults. At the same time, exposure to many chemical agents and some biological agents leads to vomiting and diarrhea.
As a result, children may be more symptomatic and show symptoms earlier than adults.
Children have a higher proportion of rapidly growing tissues than adults, and some agents, including ionizing radiation and mustard gas, significantly affect rapidly growing tissues.
As a result, children are more prone to ionizing radiation and other agents that affect rapidly growing tissue than adults.
Children have relatively small airways compared with adults. The smaller the caliber of the airway, the greater the reduction in airflow as a result of increased pulmonary secretions that occur following exposure to chemicals or edema from inhalation of hot gases
As a result, children suffer more pulmonary pathology than adults at the same level of exposure.
ANATOMY-PHYSIOLOGY AND IT'S IMPLICATIONS IN PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA by Dr M.Kart...MKARTHIKEMMANUEL
1.Pediatric Anesthesia
2.Pediatric Anatomy and Physiology
3.Anesthesia implications in pediatric cases
4.Pediatric Anesthesia is different from adult anesthesia
5.why bleeding risk is less ?
6. Why coagulation factors are reduced?
7. Movements of rib cage ?
8. Lung compliance in pediatric age group
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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4. ANATOMICAL DIFFERENCES
1.RIB CAGE & CHEST SHAPE
INFANT ADULT
•Ribs are soft &
cartilagenous & the angle of
rib with sternum is horizontal
•Inter-costal muscles are
poorly developed with
inefficient Ventilation ,
requirements are met by
increasing respiratory
rate
•The cross-sectional shape of
thorax is elliptical.
•Ribs are more calcified &
rigid & angle of rib with
sternum is oblique hence
bucket handle movement is
possible.
•Inter-costal muscles are well
developed & ventilation
requirements are met by
increasing respiratory depth.
5.
6. • angle is oblique & relative high
muscle mass & high content of
high endurance fibres & less
vulnerable to fatigue.
•adults respond to stress with
downward movement of
diaphragm.
2.DIAPHRAGM
•The angle of insertion of
diaphragm is horizontal &
there is low relative muscle
mass& low content of high
endurance muscle fibres &
hence more vulnerable to
fatigue.
•infants respond to hypoxia
with inward movement of
intercostals( thoracic
retractions.)
7.
8. ● •Position of Larynx & hyoid
cartilage is higher( more
anatomical protection as valve
in infants )
•In adults position of Larynx &
hyoid bone is relatively lower (
position desecends with age )
•Bronchial walls are more rigid
with less mucus gland.
● Bronchial walls are more
cartilagenous with more
mucus gland & hence infants
are more susceptible to
mucus obstruction.
9.
10. 4.AIRWAY DIAMETER
•In infants airway diameter is only
1/3rd as compared to adults &
hence more respiratory resistance
& breathing rate.
Narrowest part of airway is cricoid
rings in infants .
● The airway diameter in
adults is relatively larger
● Narrowest part of airway in
adults is vocal cord/Larynx.
11.
12. In infants cilia is poorly developed
& hence more chances of retention
of secretions.
•Alveoli are not fully developed
which reduces the surface area for
gaseous exchange & also there is
deficiency of surfactants which is
the major cause of Neonatal
Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
5.Cilia, Alveoli & Surfactants
•In adults cilia is fairly devloped
with efficient muco-ciliary
escillation mechanism.
•Alveoli are well developed with
sufficient amount of
surfactants,which prevents
alveolar collapse.
13.
14. 6.Collateral Ventilation & Lymphatic
tissue
•At birth there is no devloped
pathway for collateral -
Ventilation upto 6 years of age
& hence more chances of
alveolar collapse.
•Lymphatic tissue in infants are
enlarged which is responsible for
upper airway obstruction.
•Heart & other organs are
relatively larger which leaves
less space for chest expansion.
•Collateral pathways are well
developed.
•less chances of airway
obstruction in adults
•enough space in thorax for
chest expansion in adults.
15. PHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES
1.RESPIRATORY COMPLIANCE
● Respiratory Compliance in
adults is relatively higher
because of calcified chest
wall & well equipped
intercostal muscles which in
turn are able to exert
enough pressure that is
required to increase the
volume in the lungs.
● Respiratory Compliance is
the measure of pressure
required to increase the
volume of air in the lungs &
that is directly proportional
to child size.
● Respiratory Compliance is
less in infants because of
soft cartilagenous chest wall
& less equipped intercostal
muscles.
16. 2.Ventilation & Perfusion & Breathing
pattern
• In infants ventilation is
mostly distributed to the
uppermost lungs &
perfusion to the
dependent regions.
•Breathing pattern is
irregular & episodes of
apnea is common in
infants.
•In adults both Ventilation &
perfusion is distributed to the
dependent regions & also wt. of
abdominal content provide
weightage to the dependent
diaphragm.
•Breathing pattern is regular &
episodes of apnea is less common
in adults.
17.
18. ● Infants have relatively more
metabolic rate & hence
oxygen consumption is more.
● Infants respond to hypoxia
with bradycardia &
pulmonary vasoconstricton.
● Respiratory muscles tire
more quickly ( only 30%slow
twitch/type 1 muscle fibres.)
● Adults have relatively less
metabolic rate.
● Adults respond to hypoxia
with tachycardia &
pulmonary vasodilataion.
● Respiratory muscles consist
of approx.50% type 1 high
endurance muscle fibres.
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION &
RESPONSE TO HYPOXIA & MUSCLE
FATIGUE
