This document provides an overview of research, including its objectives, types, importance, and process. Research is defined as a systematic, objective, and logical investigation designed to solve problems. The main objectives of research are to answer questions about what, why, when, and how related to a research problem. There are several types of research described, including descriptive research which focuses on describing the present state of affairs, analytical research which critically evaluates available information, quantitative research which is based on measurable quantities, and qualitative research which investigates human behavior. The importance of research is that it helps solve problems in business, industry, and society. The research process involves steps like situational analysis, problem formulation, research design, data collection and analysis,

1. RESEARCHResearch is an organized enquiry designed and carried out to provide for solving a problem

2. Characteristics of ResearchSystematic investigationPurposeobjective and logicalDevelopment of theories and principlesAdopts scientific methodFinding answers to relevant answers27/01/20112CHARU NAGPAL

3. Objectives of ResearchAnswers for What ,Why, When ,How of various questions related to research problemEnable us to make reliable predictions of events yet to happenAims at developing new tools, concepts and theories for a better study of unknown phenomenonTo analyze inter-relationships between various variablesAnalytical studies of internal and external environment of business27/01/20113CHARU NAGPAL

4. Types of ResearchDescriptive ResearchThe major purpose of descriptive research is description of the state of affairs, as it exists in the present

5. It includes surveys and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds27/01/20114CHARU NAGPAL

6. Analytical ResearchThe researcher has to use facts or information already available, and analyze these to make a critical evaluation of the material27/01/20115CHARU NAGPAL

7. Quantitative ResearchIt is based on the measurement of quantity and amount

8. It is applicable to phenomena that can be expressed in terms of quantity 27/01/20116CHARU NAGPAL

9. QUALITATIVE RESEARCHConcerned with qualitative phenomena

10. If we are interested in investigating the reasons for human behavior … which is a part of qualitative researchConceptual ResearchRelated to some abstract idea or theoryIt is generally used by philosophers and thinkers to develop new concepts or to interpret existing ones

11. Empirical ResearchRelies on experience or observations aloneIt is data based research Coming up with conclusions which are capable of being verified by observation and experiment

12. Importance of ResearchAssists in solving various operational and planning problems of business and industryHelps to establish social relationships and solves social problemsResearch is used in all fields of applied economics, applied finance and applied mathematics etc…

13. Research processSituational AnalysisFormulation of research problemResearch DesignData collectionData processingData analysis and interpretationReport writing

14. Errors in Research ProcessSampling errorsNon sampling errors

15. Sampling E rrorsMarketing research studies are based on samples of people or products or stores

16. The results emerging from such studies are then generalizedNon-Sampling errorsDefective problem definitionDefective population definitionFrame errorNon response errorExperimental errorPoor questionnaire designInterviewer biasData analysis error

17. Research DesignA research design is simply the framework or plan for a study that is used as a guide in collecting and analyzing the data.

18. Types of Research Design1. Exploratory Research2. Conclusive Research

19. Exploratory Research Search of secondary data and Literature ResearchSurvey of knowledgeable persons or experience surveyCase study