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Research
Identify the Problem
• Is there a problem?
• Is there something you want to
figure out?
• What do you want to know?
• What are you curious about?
• Is it interesting to you
Identify the Problem Continued
• Examples:
• What fruit will make a clock run longer?
• Which diaper is more absorbant?
• Which battery works longer in a rayovac
flashlight?
Scientific Method
• Steps to follow to solve problems.
• Different models may be used depending on
the topic being researched
Research Design
• 2 types
• Descriptive Research: answers questions through
observation.
• Experimental Research: answers questions by
testing a hypothesis.
• NOTE: Once you state a problem..the first thing
you should do is research the problem.
Descriptive Research
• Utilizes observation
• 1st state the research objective: what you
want to find out.
• 2nd describe the research design: how are
you going to do your research? What steps
will you use? How will the research answer
your question?
Descriptive Research
• 3rd Eliminate bias: use numerical results, use
a random sample.
– Random sample: when picking a group to
survey, don’t choose, do it randomly to avoid
bias
• 4th Materials: what will you need to perform
you experiment? Use up to date materials.
• 5th Models: example..solar system model
Descriptive Research
• 6th Scientific Measurement: be accurate, use
metric system.
• 7th Data: collect data, make tables to record
data, ensure data is accurate. Check and
recheck.
• 8th Analyze data: make charts and graphs to
show results.
Descriptive Research
• 9th Conclusions: what does the data tell
you? What does it mean? Did anything
occur you didn’t expect? Did you learn
anything? What went wrong?
• 10th Communicate: publish conclusions.
Share ideas with others so they can repeat
the experiment.
Experimental Research
• Uses experiments to answer a question.
• 1st Hypothesis: an educated guess of what
you think will happen
• 2nd Variables: 3 types of variable
Experimental Research
• Variables
– Independent variable: what you change in the
experiment…amount of antibiotic applied to
bacteria
– Dependent variable: what you are
measuring…growth of bacteria
– Constant variable: what stays the same…room
temperature, how much light gets in…
Experimental Research
• 3rd control: the independent variable is not
applied…treated like other sample but no
antibiotic is applied
• 4th number of trials: how many times are you
going to test it..for you experiment it must be
done 3 times.
• 5th data collection: what are your
results…put into a table…show a chart
Experimental Research
• 6th analyze data: show me what
happened..what does your data tell you?
Don’t explain things, just state what your
results are.
• 7th conclusion/discussion: was your
hypothesis right or wrong? Why was it right
or wrong? Should you have done anything
different? Did anything happen you didn’t
expect?
Experimental Research
• 8th Communicate: share you results so
others can learn and repeat. Let everyone
know what you did in a journal, science fair,
etc.
Scientific Model
Scientific Model
If you hypothesis is not
supported:
reject
get a new one
do experiment again, or
change experiment

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Research

  • 2. Identify the Problem • Is there a problem? • Is there something you want to figure out? • What do you want to know? • What are you curious about? • Is it interesting to you
  • 3. Identify the Problem Continued • Examples: • What fruit will make a clock run longer? • Which diaper is more absorbant? • Which battery works longer in a rayovac flashlight?
  • 4. Scientific Method • Steps to follow to solve problems. • Different models may be used depending on the topic being researched
  • 5. Research Design • 2 types • Descriptive Research: answers questions through observation. • Experimental Research: answers questions by testing a hypothesis. • NOTE: Once you state a problem..the first thing you should do is research the problem.
  • 6. Descriptive Research • Utilizes observation • 1st state the research objective: what you want to find out. • 2nd describe the research design: how are you going to do your research? What steps will you use? How will the research answer your question?
  • 7. Descriptive Research • 3rd Eliminate bias: use numerical results, use a random sample. – Random sample: when picking a group to survey, don’t choose, do it randomly to avoid bias • 4th Materials: what will you need to perform you experiment? Use up to date materials. • 5th Models: example..solar system model
  • 8. Descriptive Research • 6th Scientific Measurement: be accurate, use metric system. • 7th Data: collect data, make tables to record data, ensure data is accurate. Check and recheck. • 8th Analyze data: make charts and graphs to show results.
  • 9. Descriptive Research • 9th Conclusions: what does the data tell you? What does it mean? Did anything occur you didn’t expect? Did you learn anything? What went wrong? • 10th Communicate: publish conclusions. Share ideas with others so they can repeat the experiment.
  • 10. Experimental Research • Uses experiments to answer a question. • 1st Hypothesis: an educated guess of what you think will happen • 2nd Variables: 3 types of variable
  • 11. Experimental Research • Variables – Independent variable: what you change in the experiment…amount of antibiotic applied to bacteria – Dependent variable: what you are measuring…growth of bacteria – Constant variable: what stays the same…room temperature, how much light gets in…
  • 12. Experimental Research • 3rd control: the independent variable is not applied…treated like other sample but no antibiotic is applied • 4th number of trials: how many times are you going to test it..for you experiment it must be done 3 times. • 5th data collection: what are your results…put into a table…show a chart
  • 13. Experimental Research • 6th analyze data: show me what happened..what does your data tell you? Don’t explain things, just state what your results are. • 7th conclusion/discussion: was your hypothesis right or wrong? Why was it right or wrong? Should you have done anything different? Did anything happen you didn’t expect?
  • 14. Experimental Research • 8th Communicate: share you results so others can learn and repeat. Let everyone know what you did in a journal, science fair, etc.
  • 16. Scientific Model If you hypothesis is not supported: reject get a new one do experiment again, or change experiment