1. Reported Speech

2. Direct/Indirect Speech I study 2 nd BAT Name May 2 ? May 3 Name Name He has said, “I study 2 nd BAT” ? Name Name He has said that he studies 2 nd BAT Direct Speech Indirect Speech Name

3. Changes in Indirect Speech I study 2 nd BAT Name May 2 ? May 2 Name Name He says that he studies 2 nd BAT ? He has said that he studies 2 nd BAT ? He said that he studied/studies 2 nd BAT ? He is going to say that he studies 2 nd BAT May 2 May 25 May 1 Introductory verb in present/present perfect/future  no change Introductory verb in past  change Name

4. Common Sense! I study 2 nd BAT May ? May 5 2010 He said that he studied 2 nd BAT ? He said that he studied 2 nd BAT April 27 2014 He said that he studies 2 nd BAT 3 2010

5. Changes in Verb Tenses: a) Present  Past “ My father likes football.”  … “ She is working on her computer.”  … “ I have seen him at school today.”  … b) Past  Past Perfect “ I went to school in the USA.”  … c) Past perfect  = “ She had already done the exercises.”  …

6. Changes in Verb Tenses: will  would shall  should can  could must  had to may  might d) Modals (Present  Past // Past  =) but would  should  could  might  ought to  “ The exams will be difficult.”  … “ This can be interesting.”  … “ You must work harder.”  … “ They shouldn’t skip lessons.”  … “ I wouldn’t do that.”  … =

7. Remember Common Sense You don’t always have to play by the rules!

8. Other Changes: Place, time expression Place Name I’m here on vacation. Name He said he was there on vacation. Name Name

9. Time March 17 March 21 She said that that day was her birthday. Name Today is my birthday! Name