This document summarizes a presentation on research proposals, report writing, and promoting research among academicians. The presentation covers reasons for retracting Indian scientific publications, key factors for accepting manuscripts, the structure of research reports and grant proposals, and tools for research report writing. It discusses the components of a scientific research report such as the introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections. It also provides examples of research report structure and describes various tools that can help with writing, editing, data analysis, and identifying journals.

1. Research proposals &
Report Writing
FDP on Promoting Research among Academicians
St. Philomena’s College (Autonomous)
Mysore
27-06-2022

2. HELLO!
I am Vasantha Raju N.
Librarian
Government First Grade College-Talakadu
You can mail me at
vasanthrz@gmail.com

3. Focus of the
Presentation
▸ Why Indian Publications are Retracted?
▸ Key factors Influencing the Acceptance
Scientific manuscripts
▸ Research Report Structure
▸ Grant Proposals
▸ Tools and Resources for Research Report
Writing

4. Source: Elango, B. (2021). Retracted articles in the biomedical literature from Indian authors. Scientometrics, 126(5), 3965-3981.
Reasons for
Retracting
Indain
Scientifc
Publications

5. Key factors
for accepting
Scientific
manuscripts
Source: Negi, P., & Srivastava, A. K. (2021). All-in-one guide for preparing and publishing a bioscience manuscript. CURRENT SCIENCE, 121(9), 1162.

6. Scientific/
Research
Report
A scientific report is a document that
describes the process, progress, and or
results of scientific research.
Scientific writing also includes other types of
communication by scientists –research
proposals, oral presentation and poster
presentations, etc.

7. Types of
Research
Reports
Source: https://dstcpriisc.org/publications/

8. Structure
of a
Scientific
Paper
Scientific
Paper
Title
Author(s)
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Acknowledgement
References

9. Title
 Use fewest possible words that adequately
indicate the contents of the paper
 Should be easy to discover or retrieve
(Incorporate important keywords)
 Should be very specific
 Find a way to pique your readers’ interest,
give them enough information to keep
them reading.
 Avoid Using abbreviations and jargons

10. Examples

11. Author
An author is someone who has made a
significant contribution to the work
reported: in terms of research
conception or design, or acquisition of
data, or the analysis and interpretation
of data.

12. Authorship
 First Author
One who conceptualizes the study and contributes immensely in every
aspects of the research process (study design, data acquisitions,
analysis, interpretations and writing the manuscript)
• Co-Authors
Those who significantly contributes to the research work and in
preparing the manuscript
• Corresponding Author
One who takes responsibility for the manuscript during the submission,
peer review and production process. All communication from
submission to publication will be with the corresponding author.

13. CRediT (Contribution Roles Taxonomy)
 Conceptualization
 Data Curation
 Formal Analysis
 Funding Acquisition
 Investigation
 Methodology
 Project Administration
 Resource
 Software
 Supervision
 Validation
 Visualization
 Writing – Original Draft Preparation
 Writing – Review & Editing
Source: https://casrai.org/credit/
https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/open-access/credit.html

14. Example for
Author
Contribution

15. Abstract
▸ An important part of the paper
▹ Relatively widely read
▹ Used to decide whether to read the
rest of the paper or not
▹ Gives editors, reviewers, others a
first impression
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [ Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/
.

16. Abstract
▸ An abstract should include
▹ Background or introduction
▹ Main objectives and scope of the
investigation
▹ Methods employed or used in the
research
▹ Summary of the results and
▹ Key aspects of conclusion
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/
.

17. Example for
a Structured
Abstract

18. Introduction
▸ Introduction should be like more of a
moving from General to Specific
(Funnel Shaped)
▹ Should start from providing the information on why
the overall subject area of the research is important
▹ It should briefly include the previously published
literature and gap in the existing literature which the
current research intended to address
▹ Should make clear the objectives of the research
▹ Should briefly state the method of research
▹ Should mention the key findings of the research
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/

19. Length
▸ Length of the Introduction
▹ Varies depending on the subject field
and journal guidelines also
▹ Some subject field- introduction will
be of in few paragraphs
▹ In Some subject field introduction
will be of longer version which also
includes literature review
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/
.

20. Methods
▸ Purpose of Methods Section
▹ Allow others to replicate the research
to test its soundness and genuinity
▹ To carry out further research
▹ To determine whether the conclusions
seems valid or not
▹ To determine whether the findings
seem applicable to other situations
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [ Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/
.

21. Methods
Source: https://plos.org/resource/how-to-write-your-methods/

22. Methods
▸ Methods section includes
▹ Information on study design such as
■ Study population
■ Sample
■ Data collection methods/Instrument
■ Statistical methods for analysis, time line
etc.
▹ Consider flow charts, diagrams and tables and
other visual aids
▹ Write in past tense
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/
.

23. Methods

24. Results
▸ Result Section
▹ Considered as core of the paper
▹ Includes Tables and Figures or
both
▹ Summarize key findings instead
of repeating the data in detail
▹ Should present results not
commenting on them
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/
.

25. Results
▸ Results Sections with Tables and
Figures
▹ Tables and Figures should simple and
easily understandable
▹ Provide only main key points of the
Tables and figures
▹ Avoid extensive overlap of data with text,
table and figures
Source: Gastel, B., & Day, R. A. (2016). How to write and publish a scientific paper. Cambridge University Press.

26. Discussion
▸ One of the hardest section to write
▸ Often should begin with a brief summary of the
main findings
▸ Should answer the question(s) stated in the
introduction (or address the hypothesis or
hypotheses)
▸ Relate to the findings of the previous research
(similarities or contrast )
▸ Discuss the theoretical and practical
implications
▸ Discuss the limitations of the study and
potential areas for future research
Source: Gastel, B. (2012, May 1). Writing a journal: section by section. [Presentation]. https://www.authoraid.info/en/resources/details/997/
.

27. Acknowledgement
Place to express the gratitude for funding
agencies for providing financial
assistance
institutions for using its lab and other
infrastructure,
people helped in materializing the study but
could not qualify as authors,
reviewers for their critical comments.
Source: Gastel, B., & Day, R. A. (2016). How to write and publish a scientific paper. Cambridge University Press.

28. References
Functions of Citations/References
▸ To acknowledge and credit others
work
▸ To add credibility to our work by
showing that we have used valid
information sources
▸ To establish relationships to previous
research
▸ To provide further information
Source: Gastel, B., & Day, R. A. (2016). How to write and publish a scientific paper. Cambridge University Press.

29. Reference
Styles &
Formats

30. IMRAD
Format
of
Scientific
Paper

31. Grant Proposals- Schematic Structure
Grant
Proposals
Cover Letter
Title Page
Abstract or Summary
Background or Significance
Project Purpose
Plan or Approach
References
Institutional Resources
Budget
Appendices
CVs or Personal Profile

32. Research
Proposal
Format
Research Proposal Format
Sample
ICSSR

33. Important
tools and resources
for simplifying
the process of
research paper
writings

34. Databases Descriptions Website
Web of Science Multidisciplinary abstract and citation database https://mjl.clarivate.com/
Scopus Multidisciplinary abstract and citation database https://www.scopus.com/
Google Scholar Free search engine to find scientific literature https://scholar.google.com/
Dimensions.ai Tool discovery and access to research: grants, publications,
citations, clinical trials and patents in one place
https://www.dimensions.ai/
Semantic Scholar AI based search engine for finding academic publications https://www.semanticscholar.org/
CORE Useful for finding open access scholarly literature https://core.ac.uk/
PubMed Central Database for identifying biomedical sciences related
publications
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
Scite_ Provides the context of the citation and describe whether the
article provides supporting or contrasting evidence
https://scite.ai/
Major Bibliographic and Citation Databases

35. Tools Descriptions Website
Excel Spreadsheet Easy to use application for data analysis and
visualization
https://www.microsoft.com/
SPSS software program used for quantitative analysis of
complex data and visualization
https://www.ibm.com/in-
en/analytics/spss-statistics-
software
Minitab Used for statistical analysis, visualizations and data
analytics
https://www.minitab.com/en-us/
Nvivo Supports qualitative and mixed methods research https://www.qsrinternational.com/
nvivo-qualitative-data-analysis-
software/home
Python a free, open-source software that can be used for a
high level of visualization and comes with packages
such as Matplotlib, Seaborn etc.
https://www.python.org/
Tools for Data & Statistical Analysis
Source: Negi, P., & Srivastava, A. K. (2021). All-in-one guide for preparing and publishing a bioscience manuscript. CURRENT SCIENCE, 121(9), 1162.

36. Tools Descriptions Website
Tableau Can allow anyone to connect to a spreadsheet or file
and create interactive data visualizations
https://www.tableau.com/
RStudio Free open source software for statistical computing
and graphics
https://www.rstudio.com/
DataWrapper a free online platform that helps users easily create
interactive charts, maps, or tables
https://www.datawrapper.de/
Flourish Studio Easy to use online data visualization tool https://flourish.studio/
MapChart Helpful for creating geographical and historical map
of the World, United States or Europe, India and
other countries. Very interactive and easy to use
application.
https://www.mapchart.net/world.html
Data Visualization Tools
Source: Negi, P., & Srivastava, A. K. (2021). All-in-one guide for preparing and publishing a bioscience manuscript. CURRENT SCIENCE, 121(9), 1162.

37. Tools Descriptions Websites
Grammarly Tools that you can use for grammar, spelling,
punctuation errors, and more. Supports Multiple
languages
https://www.grammarly.com/
Ginger AI-powered grammar and spell checker application https://www.gingersoftware.com/
LanguageTool Supports grammar, spelling and proof reading https://languagetool.org/
iThenticate
Reliable and easy to use plagiarism checker https://www.ithenticate.com/
Turnitin Web based plagiarism detection and citation mistake
checker
https://turnitin.com/
Grammar and Plagiarism Checker
Source: Negi, P., & Srivastava, A. K. (2021). All-in-one guide for preparing and publishing a bioscience manuscript. CURRENT SCIENCE, 121(9), 1162.

38. Tools Description Website
Mendeley A tool for reference management and for
collaborating and sharing research work
https://www.mendeley.com/
Zotero Easy-to-use reference management tool to
organize, annotate, cite, and share research
https://www.zotero.org/
RefWork A tool for managing and organizing
bibliography and references and share
https://www.refworks.com/
EndNote Collaborative reference management
software which supports multiple citation
styles and formats
https://endnote.com/
Reference/Bibliography Management Tools
Source: Negi, P., & Srivastava, A. K. (2021). All-in-one guide for preparing and publishing a bioscience manuscript. CURRENT SCIENCE, 121(9), 1162.

39. Tools Description Website
JANE (Journal/Author Name
Estimator)
Useful for finding suitable journals based on the
title or keywords or abstract
https://jane.biosemantics.org/
Springer Nature Journal
Suggester
Helpful for identifying suitable Springer nature
journals based on the title, manuscript text and
subject area
https://journalsuggester.springer.com/
Edanz Journal Selector Search based on abstract, keywords, publishers
and field of research to find suitable journals
https://www.edanz.com/journal-
selector
Elsevier JournalFinder Suitable journal can be found through title,
keywords, abstract and field of research
https://journalfinder.elsevier.com/
Scimago Journal &
Country Rank
Journals can be identified through CiteScore, h-
index, subject area, subject categories and
country, etc
https://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.
php
UGC-CARE List Indian Journals, WoS and Scopus Indexed
Journals
https://ugccare.unipune.ac.in/apps1/ho
me/index
Journal Finder/Identifier
Source: Negi, P., & Srivastava, A. K. (2021). All-in-one guide for preparing and publishing a bioscience manuscript. CURRENT SCIENCE, 121(9), 1162.

40. Tools Descriptions Website
Think.Check.Submit Provides set of checklist to identify trusted
journal in your subject field
https://thinkchecksubmit.org/
DOAJ (Directory of Open
Access Journals)
Can identify trusted open access journals easily https://doaj.org/
COPE ( Committee on
Publication Ethics )
Provides extensive resources on publication
ethics and journals can become part of the
association to promote ethical publication
practice
https://publicationethics.org/
ICMJE (International Committee
of Medical Journals & Editors)
Supports ethical publication standards and best
practices in medical science journals
https://www.icmje.org/
Cabell’s Scholarly Analytics Provides academics with accurate information
and reputable outlets for publication.
https://www2.cabells.com/
Tools for Identifying Trusted Journals

41. Tools Description Website
Google Drive Allow to store files in the cloud, synchronize
files across devices, and share files
https://drive.google.com/
Dropbox A collaborative file management system,
facilitate for sharing files and accessible across
platforms and track file updates etc
https://www.dropbox.com/
Microsoft OneDrive Provide option to access, edit, and share
files on all devices and collaborate
https://www.microsoft.com/en-
in/microsoft-365/onedrive/online-cloud-
storage
Sync.com File storage and document collaboration
platform
https://www.sync.com/
File Sharing & Collaborative Platforms

42. ▸ Stop Publishing in Predatory Journals
▸ Make Research Publication freely available to everyone
▸ Increase the visibility of your research by having researcher
profile either in Google Scholar /WoS Researcher ID/Scopus
Author ID/ORCID
▸ Share Research results in Social Media Platforms
(ResearchGate/Twitter/FB/blogs)
▸ Publish your Research in Preprints/ Open Access Publishing
Platforms
▸ Publish your Research Outcomes in Local Languages
Key Points

43. Our Initiative
Research & Publication
Support for College
Faculty
http://researchhelpgfgctdk.in/.

44. THANKS!
Any questions?
You can mail me at:
vasanthrz@gmail.com
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