The document discusses the various types of schools in the Indian education system. It outlines six main types: public or government schools, which are funded by the government but face challenges like lack of infrastructure; government-aided schools which are privately owned but follow government rules; private schools funded independently and charging high fees; international schools which teach in English and follow a foreign curriculum; national open schools which provide distance education; and special needs schools for children with disabilities.

1. The School System in India
Indian education system is far behind the best education systems of the world. The lapses in the
education sector is chiefly because of the poor planning and execution of education policy at
school level. There is an ever expanding gap between the public sector schools and the private
sector schools. While there are many recognized private schools, that impart quality education,
government schools have failed to match up with the bare minimum basic criteria in education,
set up by the government.
However, the Indian education system has made significant progress in recent years to ensure
that educational opportunities are available to all segments of society. According to the 2009
Right to Education Act, schooling is free and compulsory for all children from the ages of 6 to
14. However, improvements are slowly being implemented and disadvantaged groups may still
not have adequate access to education. A high value is placed on education, as it ensures a stable
future. All parents want their children to attend the best private English schools, but places are
limited. The admission process is therefore highly competitive. Most Indian schools have a
strong focus on academic subjects, with little scope for creativity and few or no extra-curricular
activities. Traditional schooling methods tend to emphasize rote learning and memorization,
rather than encouraging independent or creative thinking. There is a strong focus on
examinations from an early age. This makes the atmosphere at Indian schools competitive. Many
parents prefer to send their children to international schools. Others choose a more progressive
Indian school that is less traditional in its teaching style.

2. Types of Schools:
I. Public or Government Schools
Most schools in India are funded and run by the government. However, the public education
system faces serious challenges including a lack of adequate infrastructure, insufficient funding,
a shortage of staff and scarce facilities. Public Schools have the following features:
 completely owned & administered by the by the respective
State Govts. and Central Govts.
 charge minimum fees or provide free education to students
 majority of Indian students in rural as well as urban areas
are educated here
 cost of education is comparatively very low than that of
private and aided schools
 lack even basic infrastructure and facilitiesII. Government Aided Schools
Government aided schools are the education
institutions that are
 Owned by the private management, but the
rules and regulations followed here are same as
that of the public schools.
 The curriculum, study materials, syllabus,
examinations, etc. for each class of education
are done according to the government rules.
 For the high school classes the final examinations will be same as that of the public schools.
 Infrastructure and facilities are far better than that of public schools.
 The fee structure, PTA fund, etc will be collected from the students according to the rules formulated
by the government for each school.
 Even the recruitment of faculties here will depend on the norms as per the government schools.
 There will be no specific criteria for the admission of students in these institutions
III. Private Schools
Since many government schools do not provide adequate education, Indian parents aspire to send their
children to a private school. Private schools are called independent schools, but since some private schools
receive financial aid from the government, it can be an aided or an unaided school. So, in a strict sense, a
private school is an unaided independent school.

3. Private schools are those which:
 are funded and run by private
institutions
 do not accept any grant or fund from the
government
 have relative autonomy in management
and administration
 offer best infrastructural facilities to the
students & recover the cost for it directly
from the students / parents
 charge exuberant fees for education
 have to abide by the basic ground rules put forth by the government
 are known for providing quality education to the few who are able to afford it
 have same syllabus followed by government schools but use better teaching pedagogy, style,
facilities and infrastructure offered to the students
 offer several additional extra-curricular activities that enhance personality & skill set of students
IV. International Schools
An international school is a school that promotes international
education, in an international environment, either by adopting a
curriculum such as that of the International
Baccalaureate, Edexcel or Cambridge International
Examinations, or by following a national curriculum different
from that of the school's country of residence These schools
cater mainly to students who are not nationals of the host
country, such as the children of the staff of international
businesses, international organizations, foreign embassies,
missions, or. Missionary programs..
Many local students attend these schools to learn the language of the international school and to obtain
qualifications for employment or higher education in a foreign country
Teaching is in English but there are also schools run by foreign governments teaching in other languages
such as French (New Delhi, Mumbai and Pondicherry), German (New Delhi and Mumbai) and Japanese
(New Delhi). These schools tend to follow the national curriculum and school year of the country
concerned.

4. V. National open schools
The National Open School is the board of education under the Union Government of India. It was
established by the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India in
1989 to provide education to remote areas under the motive to increase literacy and aimed forward
for flexible learning. Here children can study without coming to school. Despite being established
for distance education, NOS provides a formal and regular secondary and Senior Secondary
program equivalent to CBSE. NIOS offer the following courses:
a. Open Basic Education Programme, which includes following three levels courses
b. Secondary Course—Equivalent to class
X
c. Senior Secondary Course—Equivalent to
class XII
d. Vocational Education Courses
e. Life enrichment programmes
i. OBE 'A' Level course—Equivalent to
class III
ii. OBE 'B' Level course—Equivalent to
class V
iii. OBE 'C' Level course—Equivalent to
class VIII
VI. Special-needs schools
Common special needs include learning disabilities (such
as dyslexia), communication disorders, emotional and behavioral
disorders (such as ADHD and ADD), physical disabilities (such
as Brittle Bone Disease, Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy, Spinal
Bifida, and Frederich's Ataxia), and developmental disabilities (such
as autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability). Students with
these kinds of special needs are likely to benefit from additional
educational services such as different approaches to teaching, the use
of technology, a specifically adapted teaching area, or a resource
room. These schools provide non-formal education and vocational
training to children with disabilities
Shalom Special School Bhopal

5. BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY BHOPAL
DEPARTMENT OF CONTINUING EDUCATION AND
EXTENSION PROGRAMME
EXTERNAL EVALUATION
NAME: Angela Thomas
ROLL NO. : 178050018
ENROLLMENT NO. : R178055010007
COURSE: Bachelor of Education
SEMESTER: Third
YEARS: 2016-18
REPORT ON VARIOUS TYPES / FORMS OF SCHOOLS