This report represents a short brief about two of the most renowned cement companies in Bangladesh from year (2016 - 2019). It was made with utmost care but as it was a simple university assignment it may have some shortcomings due to the lack of experience.
Here is my report on PRAN-RFL group
// TEAM STARK //
- American International University Bangladesh -
Take Idea from this report but do not copy from this ...
Beximco Pharma is Bangladesh's largest pharmaceutical company and the first from Bangladesh to receive US FDA approval. It has over 300 generic drugs and a 70% market share for key APIs in Bangladesh. The presentation analyzed Beximco's vision, mission, strategies, and external environment. It found the vision too broad and mission addresses stakeholders' needs. Financial goals target 10% annual growth while strategic goals focus on innovation, customers, and learning. PESTLE analysis showed a developing market and favorable regulations. Porter's Five Forces found competition high from local firms.
Report on MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN BEXIMCO PHARMAArif Hossain
This document discusses management practices at Beximco Pharmaceuticals Limited (BPL), the largest pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh. It provides an overview of BPL, including its organizational structure and the duties performed by different executives. It then examines BPL's planning process, including the different types of planning it uses, the steps in its planning process, and how it sets objectives in a hierarchy. The document also discusses how BPL uses management by objectives and outlines its strategic planning process.
Renata Ltd is one of the top pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. To evaluate Renata's financial performance and condition from 2010-2014, various liquidity ratios were analyzed. The current ratio fluctuated over the years, decreasing in 2011 and 2013 but increasing in 2012 and 2014. The quick ratio followed a similar trend. The average collection period and days inventory outstanding generally increased over the years, indicating slower collection of receivables and higher inventory levels being held. The accounts receivable and inventory turnover ratios decreased in most years, suggesting slower turnover of these current assets.
This document summarizes the HRM practices at Bodyline, a joint venture apparel manufacturer in Sri Lanka. It discusses Bodyline's 4 pillar HRM plan focusing on attraction, engagement, development, and inspiration. Key practices include recruitment through CSR activities, incentives and bonuses, on-the-job and external training programs, empowering women employees, and maintaining good employee relations through events and grievance processes. The HRM practices help Bodyline achieve low turnover while strengthening its business strategy and talent retention. Areas for improvement include building a second team to meet future production needs and making training programs less limited by business demands.
This presentation provides an overview of Pran-RFL Group, a large food and manufacturing company in Bangladesh. It introduces the founders and timeline of Pran and RFL, outlines their businesses and products which include food, drinks, household items, and discusses their corporate social responsibility programs and export activities. The mission is to generate employment and improve livelihoods through business.
Here is my report on PRAN-RFL group
// TEAM STARK //
- American International University Bangladesh -
Take Idea from this report but do not copy from this ...
Beximco Pharma is Bangladesh's largest pharmaceutical company and the first from Bangladesh to receive US FDA approval. It has over 300 generic drugs and a 70% market share for key APIs in Bangladesh. The presentation analyzed Beximco's vision, mission, strategies, and external environment. It found the vision too broad and mission addresses stakeholders' needs. Financial goals target 10% annual growth while strategic goals focus on innovation, customers, and learning. PESTLE analysis showed a developing market and favorable regulations. Porter's Five Forces found competition high from local firms.
Report on MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN BEXIMCO PHARMAArif Hossain
This document discusses management practices at Beximco Pharmaceuticals Limited (BPL), the largest pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh. It provides an overview of BPL, including its organizational structure and the duties performed by different executives. It then examines BPL's planning process, including the different types of planning it uses, the steps in its planning process, and how it sets objectives in a hierarchy. The document also discusses how BPL uses management by objectives and outlines its strategic planning process.
Renata Ltd is one of the top pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. To evaluate Renata's financial performance and condition from 2010-2014, various liquidity ratios were analyzed. The current ratio fluctuated over the years, decreasing in 2011 and 2013 but increasing in 2012 and 2014. The quick ratio followed a similar trend. The average collection period and days inventory outstanding generally increased over the years, indicating slower collection of receivables and higher inventory levels being held. The accounts receivable and inventory turnover ratios decreased in most years, suggesting slower turnover of these current assets.
This document summarizes the HRM practices at Bodyline, a joint venture apparel manufacturer in Sri Lanka. It discusses Bodyline's 4 pillar HRM plan focusing on attraction, engagement, development, and inspiration. Key practices include recruitment through CSR activities, incentives and bonuses, on-the-job and external training programs, empowering women employees, and maintaining good employee relations through events and grievance processes. The HRM practices help Bodyline achieve low turnover while strengthening its business strategy and talent retention. Areas for improvement include building a second team to meet future production needs and making training programs less limited by business demands.
This presentation provides an overview of Pran-RFL Group, a large food and manufacturing company in Bangladesh. It introduces the founders and timeline of Pran and RFL, outlines their businesses and products which include food, drinks, household items, and discusses their corporate social responsibility programs and export activities. The mission is to generate employment and improve livelihoods through business.
Beximco Pharmaceuticals was founded in 1976 and has grown to become one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. It manufactures and markets its own branded generics and supplies over 10% of the country's total medicine needs. The company's mission is to provide affordable, high quality medicines manufactured to global standards. Its vision is to be a trusted global pharmaceutical leader through research, partnerships, and global expansion. A SWOT analysis identifies Beximco's market dominance as a strength, but also notes weaknesses such as reliance on imported materials and competition from other companies. The company has a clear organizational structure and focuses on training employees through on-the-job methods.
The document is a presentation by Essence Group about Bashundhara Group Ltd, a large Bangladeshi conglomerate. It details that Bashundhara Group was founded in 1987 and has grown to over 17 major businesses including real estate development, manufacturing, trading and Bashundhara City, a large shopping mall. It provides information on key subsidiaries such as Meghna Cement Mills, Bashundhara Paper Mills and Bashundhara City Development Ltd. The presentation concludes that Bashundhara Group strives to work with the government on sustainable development and poverty reduction initiatives.
The document provides details about a seminar report submitted by Anamika Verma for her Post Graduate Diploma in Management. The report focuses on the cement industry in India and provides an overview of the industry, key domestic and global players, installed capacity, technological changes, and the ready-mix concrete business. It then provides specific details about UltraTech Cement, including its history, financial facts, manufacturing capacity, products, and plant machinery.
INTERNSHIP REPORT ON NISHAT MILLS LTD. LAHOREAhmad Mehmood
Nishat Mills Limited is a leading textile company in Pakistan. The internship report provides an overview of Nishat Mills and discusses the company's vision, mission, and quality policy. It also includes a SWOT analysis and PEST analysis of the textile industry in Pakistan. The report summarizes the key functions of Nishat Mills' export department, including preparing necessary documents for shipment. It also discusses Nishat's marketing strategy of focusing on value addition and diversifying markets to reduce dependency on specific regions.
Financial Statement Analysis of Square Pharmaceuticals Company LimitedMohammad Istiaq Hasan
The report was prepared for the requirement of course 'F-206, Financial Management' under the academic supervision of the course instructor, Nausheen Rahman, Professor, Department of Finance, University of Dhaka. I along with my group members tried to cover all of the relevant topics of Financial Management in this report.
This document provides a marketing plan for a garments company in Bangladesh. It begins with an introduction and overview of the Bangladeshi readymade garments industry. It then analyzes the industry and market trends. A SWOT analysis is presented, identifying strengths such as environmentally friendly products and weaknesses like ineffective operations. Market research information and a marketing strategy are proposed, including target markets, positioning, and the marketing mix. An operational plan, sales forecasts, and controls for implementation are also outlined. The marketing plan concludes with a reference section.
This document is a summer training report submitted by Aman Keshawani towards his post graduate degree in management. The report details his internship experience at Ambuja Cement Ltd, where he studied the company's financial tools and marketing strategies. The report includes an introduction to the cement industry and Ambuja Cement, objectives of the study, history and development of ACL, company profile, SWOT analysis, learning about financial planning and analysis, capital structure, leverage analysis, and ACL's marketing segmentation, pricing, distribution channels, and sales promotion strategies.
The document outlines the marketing strategy of Bashundhara Group, a Bangladeshi conglomerate. It discusses the group's various enterprises including real estate, media, steel, food and beverage, cement, paper, energy and services. It also discusses the group's segmentation, targeting, positioning, branding, and competitive strategies. The group aims to provide quality products at affordable prices to customers across various classes in Bangladesh.
Nishat Mills is Pakistan's largest vertically integrated textile company established in 1951. It has 227,640 spindles and 789 looms across spinning, weaving, processing, stitching and power generation facilities. Nishat Mills is the flagship company of the large diversified Nishat Group with over $5 billion in assets. The company has a broad international customer base and exports were $393 million in 2015. Pakistan's textile industry is an important part of its economy but faces challenges around energy costs and infrastructure. Nishat Mills has achieved success through quality products and effective management policies.
Walton Group is Bangladesh's leading electronics and automobiles manufacturer. The SWOT analysis identified Walton's strengths as its large production capacity and experienced management team. Weaknesses include a high employee turnover rate and lack of integration between departments. Opportunities exist in technological improvements and increasing demand for innovative products. Threats come from intense competition and reliance on imports.
PRAN-RFL Group is a large food and beverage processing and plastic manufacturing company in Bangladesh. It was founded in 1982 with the mission of reducing poverty and hunger through profitable enterprises. PRAN-RFL Group now has 17 associated companies producing juices, dairy products, biscuits, confectionaries, plastics, and other items. It is one of the largest exporters of processed agricultural products from Bangladesh. The company aims to expand its international brand recognition and presence globally. PRAN-RFL Group utilizes various marketing strategies including line extensions, brand extensions, and multi-brands to develop its portfolio of products and brands. It conducts SWOT and competitive analysis to strengthen its market position.
This document is a term paper submitted by six students to their faculty member at North South University Business School analyzing PRAN Group, one of the largest food and beverage companies in Bangladesh. The paper includes an introduction, literature review on PRAN's mission, vision, and organizational hierarchy. It also discusses PRAN's product portfolio, corporate social responsibility efforts, company formation as a public limited company, industry analysis of competitors and strengths/weaknesses. The conclusion notes that the food processing industry contributes to Bangladesh's economic progress and PRAN exports help improve the economy.
Marketing Strategy of Bashundhara GroupAriful Islam
The Bashundhara Group started as a real estate venture in 1987 and has since expanded to over 20 concerns in various industries across Bangladesh. It uses a psychographic segmentation targeting higher, upper-middle, and middle class consumers. The company positions itself as affordable and available to compete with other brands. Its marketing mix involves products at reasonable prices distributed widely and promoted through various channels including advertising, sales promotions, and personal selling. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in its capital and reputation, weaknesses in some legal and tax issues, opportunities in expansion, and threats from competitors and instability.
Financial Analysis of Lucky Cements & Attock Cements.Avinash Advani
This document is a report analyzing the financial performance of Lucky Cements and Attock Cements. It includes profiles of the two companies, their income statements and balance sheets from 2008-2011, and calculations of key financial ratios to assess liquidity, long-term solvency, and profitability. Ratios show Attock Cement had stronger liquidity and profitability in earlier years but Lucky Cement performed better in later years. The report aims to compare the financial position of the two leading cement companies.
The document is a report analyzing the performance and future prospects of Walton in Bangladesh's growing electronics market. It finds that Walton has become a reliable brand for customers due to its nationwide network, focus on quality, and dedicated employee team. While starting in home appliances, Walton now also produces motorcycles and air conditioners. It aims to double its overall market share in the next 5 years through competitive pricing and increased promotional activities. However, to become the market leader, Walton may face challenges from foreign brands and growing customer demand for electronics.
A report on supply chain of agora in bangladeshManas Saha
Rahimafrooz Superstores Ltd. launched Agora the first ever retail chain in Bangladesh in 2001. Agora promises a valuable shopping experience that provides quality and fresh products at the right price. It aims to consistently provide a remarkably satisfying and valuable shopping experience through a business that improves the quality of life for customers and team members.
Working capital management @ gadag textile project reportBabasab Patil
The document provides information about The Gadag Co-operative Textile Mill Ltd in Gadag, Karnataka, India. It was established in 1972 by K.H. Patil to produce yarn. The mill started with an initial investment of Rs. 220 lakhs and began production in 1973. It has various departments that work interdependently towards common objectives like production. The project studies the company's profile, SWOT analysis, annual reports and working capital management. It aims to understand the working capital sources, components, operating cycle and liquidity position through ratio analysis.
This document provides an overview of Ambuja Cement's marketing strategies. It discusses their product mix, which includes various types of cement. It describes their brand name strategy, noting they are named after their first plant's location. It also outlines their packaging, distribution channels through dealers and retailers nationwide, pricing approach, and promotional activities including sales personnel, seminars, and advertisements.
- The Amalean brothers started MAS Holdings 27 years ago in Sri Lanka with 30 employees and has since grown to be the largest apparel manufacturer in South Asia, employing over 60,000 people across 34 facilities worldwide.
- MAS has an annual turnover of over $1 billion as of 2012 through strategic partnerships with major brands like Victoria's Secret, Marks & Spencer, Nike, and Speedo.
- MAS Intimates' largest customer is Victoria's Secret, while Nike is the largest customer for MAS Active. MAS has established multiple production facilities across Sri Lanka to provide jobs and economic opportunities.
Financial Analysis of Cement Industry BangladeshMohammed Huda
This document analyzes the financial performance of Crown Cement Bangladesh from 2015-2017. It includes balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements for 2016-2017. Financial ratios are also calculated to evaluate the company's liquidity, profitability, efficiency and solvency. Horizontal and vertical analyses are conducted on the financial statements. The analyses show Crown Cement experienced a decline in liquidity and profitability from 2016-2017. While it has better liquidity and solvency than competitors, the company lags in efficiency and profitability compared to other cement companies in Bangladesh.
Beximco Pharmaceuticals was founded in 1976 and has grown to become one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. It manufactures and markets its own branded generics and supplies over 10% of the country's total medicine needs. The company's mission is to provide affordable, high quality medicines manufactured to global standards. Its vision is to be a trusted global pharmaceutical leader through research, partnerships, and global expansion. A SWOT analysis identifies Beximco's market dominance as a strength, but also notes weaknesses such as reliance on imported materials and competition from other companies. The company has a clear organizational structure and focuses on training employees through on-the-job methods.
The document is a presentation by Essence Group about Bashundhara Group Ltd, a large Bangladeshi conglomerate. It details that Bashundhara Group was founded in 1987 and has grown to over 17 major businesses including real estate development, manufacturing, trading and Bashundhara City, a large shopping mall. It provides information on key subsidiaries such as Meghna Cement Mills, Bashundhara Paper Mills and Bashundhara City Development Ltd. The presentation concludes that Bashundhara Group strives to work with the government on sustainable development and poverty reduction initiatives.
The document provides details about a seminar report submitted by Anamika Verma for her Post Graduate Diploma in Management. The report focuses on the cement industry in India and provides an overview of the industry, key domestic and global players, installed capacity, technological changes, and the ready-mix concrete business. It then provides specific details about UltraTech Cement, including its history, financial facts, manufacturing capacity, products, and plant machinery.
INTERNSHIP REPORT ON NISHAT MILLS LTD. LAHOREAhmad Mehmood
Nishat Mills Limited is a leading textile company in Pakistan. The internship report provides an overview of Nishat Mills and discusses the company's vision, mission, and quality policy. It also includes a SWOT analysis and PEST analysis of the textile industry in Pakistan. The report summarizes the key functions of Nishat Mills' export department, including preparing necessary documents for shipment. It also discusses Nishat's marketing strategy of focusing on value addition and diversifying markets to reduce dependency on specific regions.
Financial Statement Analysis of Square Pharmaceuticals Company LimitedMohammad Istiaq Hasan
The report was prepared for the requirement of course 'F-206, Financial Management' under the academic supervision of the course instructor, Nausheen Rahman, Professor, Department of Finance, University of Dhaka. I along with my group members tried to cover all of the relevant topics of Financial Management in this report.
This document provides a marketing plan for a garments company in Bangladesh. It begins with an introduction and overview of the Bangladeshi readymade garments industry. It then analyzes the industry and market trends. A SWOT analysis is presented, identifying strengths such as environmentally friendly products and weaknesses like ineffective operations. Market research information and a marketing strategy are proposed, including target markets, positioning, and the marketing mix. An operational plan, sales forecasts, and controls for implementation are also outlined. The marketing plan concludes with a reference section.
This document is a summer training report submitted by Aman Keshawani towards his post graduate degree in management. The report details his internship experience at Ambuja Cement Ltd, where he studied the company's financial tools and marketing strategies. The report includes an introduction to the cement industry and Ambuja Cement, objectives of the study, history and development of ACL, company profile, SWOT analysis, learning about financial planning and analysis, capital structure, leverage analysis, and ACL's marketing segmentation, pricing, distribution channels, and sales promotion strategies.
The document outlines the marketing strategy of Bashundhara Group, a Bangladeshi conglomerate. It discusses the group's various enterprises including real estate, media, steel, food and beverage, cement, paper, energy and services. It also discusses the group's segmentation, targeting, positioning, branding, and competitive strategies. The group aims to provide quality products at affordable prices to customers across various classes in Bangladesh.
Nishat Mills is Pakistan's largest vertically integrated textile company established in 1951. It has 227,640 spindles and 789 looms across spinning, weaving, processing, stitching and power generation facilities. Nishat Mills is the flagship company of the large diversified Nishat Group with over $5 billion in assets. The company has a broad international customer base and exports were $393 million in 2015. Pakistan's textile industry is an important part of its economy but faces challenges around energy costs and infrastructure. Nishat Mills has achieved success through quality products and effective management policies.
Walton Group is Bangladesh's leading electronics and automobiles manufacturer. The SWOT analysis identified Walton's strengths as its large production capacity and experienced management team. Weaknesses include a high employee turnover rate and lack of integration between departments. Opportunities exist in technological improvements and increasing demand for innovative products. Threats come from intense competition and reliance on imports.
PRAN-RFL Group is a large food and beverage processing and plastic manufacturing company in Bangladesh. It was founded in 1982 with the mission of reducing poverty and hunger through profitable enterprises. PRAN-RFL Group now has 17 associated companies producing juices, dairy products, biscuits, confectionaries, plastics, and other items. It is one of the largest exporters of processed agricultural products from Bangladesh. The company aims to expand its international brand recognition and presence globally. PRAN-RFL Group utilizes various marketing strategies including line extensions, brand extensions, and multi-brands to develop its portfolio of products and brands. It conducts SWOT and competitive analysis to strengthen its market position.
This document is a term paper submitted by six students to their faculty member at North South University Business School analyzing PRAN Group, one of the largest food and beverage companies in Bangladesh. The paper includes an introduction, literature review on PRAN's mission, vision, and organizational hierarchy. It also discusses PRAN's product portfolio, corporate social responsibility efforts, company formation as a public limited company, industry analysis of competitors and strengths/weaknesses. The conclusion notes that the food processing industry contributes to Bangladesh's economic progress and PRAN exports help improve the economy.
Marketing Strategy of Bashundhara GroupAriful Islam
The Bashundhara Group started as a real estate venture in 1987 and has since expanded to over 20 concerns in various industries across Bangladesh. It uses a psychographic segmentation targeting higher, upper-middle, and middle class consumers. The company positions itself as affordable and available to compete with other brands. Its marketing mix involves products at reasonable prices distributed widely and promoted through various channels including advertising, sales promotions, and personal selling. A SWOT analysis finds strengths in its capital and reputation, weaknesses in some legal and tax issues, opportunities in expansion, and threats from competitors and instability.
Financial Analysis of Lucky Cements & Attock Cements.Avinash Advani
This document is a report analyzing the financial performance of Lucky Cements and Attock Cements. It includes profiles of the two companies, their income statements and balance sheets from 2008-2011, and calculations of key financial ratios to assess liquidity, long-term solvency, and profitability. Ratios show Attock Cement had stronger liquidity and profitability in earlier years but Lucky Cement performed better in later years. The report aims to compare the financial position of the two leading cement companies.
The document is a report analyzing the performance and future prospects of Walton in Bangladesh's growing electronics market. It finds that Walton has become a reliable brand for customers due to its nationwide network, focus on quality, and dedicated employee team. While starting in home appliances, Walton now also produces motorcycles and air conditioners. It aims to double its overall market share in the next 5 years through competitive pricing and increased promotional activities. However, to become the market leader, Walton may face challenges from foreign brands and growing customer demand for electronics.
A report on supply chain of agora in bangladeshManas Saha
Rahimafrooz Superstores Ltd. launched Agora the first ever retail chain in Bangladesh in 2001. Agora promises a valuable shopping experience that provides quality and fresh products at the right price. It aims to consistently provide a remarkably satisfying and valuable shopping experience through a business that improves the quality of life for customers and team members.
Working capital management @ gadag textile project reportBabasab Patil
The document provides information about The Gadag Co-operative Textile Mill Ltd in Gadag, Karnataka, India. It was established in 1972 by K.H. Patil to produce yarn. The mill started with an initial investment of Rs. 220 lakhs and began production in 1973. It has various departments that work interdependently towards common objectives like production. The project studies the company's profile, SWOT analysis, annual reports and working capital management. It aims to understand the working capital sources, components, operating cycle and liquidity position through ratio analysis.
This document provides an overview of Ambuja Cement's marketing strategies. It discusses their product mix, which includes various types of cement. It describes their brand name strategy, noting they are named after their first plant's location. It also outlines their packaging, distribution channels through dealers and retailers nationwide, pricing approach, and promotional activities including sales personnel, seminars, and advertisements.
- The Amalean brothers started MAS Holdings 27 years ago in Sri Lanka with 30 employees and has since grown to be the largest apparel manufacturer in South Asia, employing over 60,000 people across 34 facilities worldwide.
- MAS has an annual turnover of over $1 billion as of 2012 through strategic partnerships with major brands like Victoria's Secret, Marks & Spencer, Nike, and Speedo.
- MAS Intimates' largest customer is Victoria's Secret, while Nike is the largest customer for MAS Active. MAS has established multiple production facilities across Sri Lanka to provide jobs and economic opportunities.
Financial Analysis of Cement Industry BangladeshMohammed Huda
This document analyzes the financial performance of Crown Cement Bangladesh from 2015-2017. It includes balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow statements for 2016-2017. Financial ratios are also calculated to evaluate the company's liquidity, profitability, efficiency and solvency. Horizontal and vertical analyses are conducted on the financial statements. The analyses show Crown Cement experienced a decline in liquidity and profitability from 2016-2017. While it has better liquidity and solvency than competitors, the company lags in efficiency and profitability compared to other cement companies in Bangladesh.
Srisawad Power 1979 Public Company Limited is a Thailand-based financial services company that focuses on providing auto backed loans and other consumer loans. It has over 1,000 branches across Thailand and plans significant expansion in the coming years. The company benefits from high household debt levels in Thailand and growing demand for consumer credit. While it has a high non-performing loan ratio, its loan recovery rates are strong. Based on financial modeling and peer company comparisons, the assistant recommends buying shares of the company with a price target of THB 48 per share.
The document provides an analysis of the logistics sector and Aegis Logistics Ltd, an Indian logistics company. It includes:
1) An overview of the logistics sector in India, its growth rate, key segments, and contribution to GDP. Charts show the segment-wise income and mix.
2) An analysis of Aegis Logistics including its SWOT profile, application of Porter's 5 forces model, and its products/services.
3) Financial analysis of Aegis Logistics consisting of comparative P&L statements, debt-equity ratio implications, ratio analysis interpretation, and working capital analysis.
The document thus comprehensively analyzes the Indian logistics sector landscape
Organuzational Study of The Ramco Cements 2014snehal thomas
The document provides background information on The Ramco Cements Limited, including its incorporation, history, and products. The Ramco Cements Limited was founded in 1962 and is the flagship company of the Ramco Group, which was started in 1938 by PACR and includes various companies in cement, software, textiles, and other industries. The Ramco Cements Limited manufactures cement and ready mix concrete, with 8 production facilities across India and a total production capacity of 16 MTPA.
Ratio Analysis on Lucky Cement & DG CementHira Naz
This document analyzes the financial ratios of Lucky Cement and DG Khan Cement over 2018-2020. It finds that Lucky Cement generally had higher profitability ratios like gross profit margin, operating profit margin, and return on equity, indicating better control of costs and more efficient use of capital. However, ratios declined for both companies from 2018-2020 due to factors like higher input costs, lower sales during COVID-19, and economic challenges. Liquidity ratios were also mostly better for Lucky Cement, though current ratios fell below 1 for both companies in 2020. Efficiency ratios showed Lucky Cement could turn over assets more times but took longer to sell inventory and collect receivables.
This document provides an overview and analysis of the Indian cement industry and the financial performance of ACC Ltd. It includes an introduction, objectives, methodology, industry analysis using Porter's five forces model and SWOT analysis. It also provides details about ACC Ltd such as its history, plants and capacity, vision, achievements and 5-year performance highlights. The document analyzes ACC's working capital management practices including inventory, cash, receivables and payables management. It presents various financial ratios and findings from the analysis. The summary aims to provide a high-level understanding of the document.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF TANCEM CEMENT COMPANY IN TAMIL NADU - A STUDYIAEME Publication
Financial is regarded as the life blood of a business enterprise. It is the process of establishing and interpreting various financial analyses helping in creation of certain decisions. It is only a means of improved kind of financial strengths and weaknesses of a firm. The Cement Company is growing fast and to know, how the financial performance of the Cement Companies playing a vital role in India. The main of this study is to ascertain the financial analysis of the TAMCEM Cement Company. As said earlier finance is said to be life blood of any business every business under taking needs finance for its smooth working this research is analytical research in nature. The data analysis was done using the descriptive statistics and ratio analysis. The results of the analysis clearly indicate that financial position Cement Company is very good.
Singapore Press Holdings's Acquisition of SgCarMart.com - Complete AnalysisAmrit Ravi
SGCM is an online portal for car sales that dominates the Singapore market. It offers services like direct second-hand car sales and sales by consignment. SGCM is working on projects like migrating servers to IPV6 and partnering with other websites. A financial analysis found growing revenues and margins with no debt. Forecasts estimate continued growth through expanding to Southeast Asia starting in 2013. A DCF valuation estimates SGCM's equity value at $56.8 million. Going public could provide capital but also loss of control and added costs.
1 rubber factory research paper hari masterpieceHariMasterpiece
This document analyzes the working capital management of Salem Ceat Rubber Factory in India. It begins with an introduction to the tire industry in India and defines working capital management. It then analyzes Ceat's current ratio, quick ratio, net working capital ratio, and other financial ratios over a 5-year period. Trend analysis shows that current assets, sales, working capital and net profit are projected to increase in the future. The document concludes that Ceat's working capital position is satisfactory but could be improved by optimizing investments, updating receivables and payables, and focusing on cash flows and collection systems.
The document provides key learnings from Solidarity investment letters. It discusses Solidarity's approach of being active managers focusing on sectors and companies where risk and return are favorable. It summarizes their views on being positive on sectors like banks and life insurance, while being cautious on others. It also discusses their optimism about companies in industries like steel pipes, flexi staffing, and pharmaceuticals. It emphasizes evaluating stocks based on valuation multiples and the importance of companies demonstrating longevity of growth.
Financial analysis of cherat cement company ltdNaina8022
Cherat Cement Company Limited is a leading cement manufacturer in Pakistan that was established in 1981. It has an annual production capacity of 2.4 million tons and its plant is located in Village Lakrai, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The company enjoys strong brand loyalty in Pakistan and abroad. It focuses on quality management and has received ISO 9001 certification. The company has various regional offices and works in different sectors including marketing, dispatch, accounts, and computer systems. It has a diverse banking network and aims to optimize growth and returns through investments.
The document summarizes a study on the working capital management of Madras Cements Limited conducted by S. Balavenkatachalam for a Master's degree. It provides an overview of the company's cement production, sales, financial performance, and challenges faced in 2010-11. It saw a decline in turnover, profits, and earnings per share compared to the previous year due to lower demand growth and excess capacity additions in the cement industry. The objective of the project was to analyze the working capital management of Madras Cements Limited and explore its potential through understanding concepts, ratios, and estimating working capital requirements.
Siam Cement Group (SCG) is a leading industrial conglomerate in Thailand that was founded in 1913. SCG operates across multiple business segments including chemicals, building materials, and packaging. In 2014, SCG reported total revenues of 185,423 million baht, up from the previous year due to overseas business expansion. Net profits were 13,180 million baht, down from 2013. SCG's financial information shows increasing assets, revenues, and profits over recent years. Revenue in 2014 came 51% from SCG Chemicals, 36% from building materials, and 13% from packaging. SCG focuses on research and development to meet customer needs and expand its ASEAN operations.
Lucky Cement produces cement in Pakistan, Iraq, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. It has a production capacity of over 9 million tons per year. The report analyzes Lucky Cement's financial performance and position compared to competitors in the industry. It finds that Lucky Cement has increasing sales volumes but decreasing gross profits due to rising direct costs. Inventory levels are also higher than desired. Overall, Lucky Cement is performing satisfactorily compared to industry standards, though results have declined slightly compared to previous years due to market conditions.
Shree Cements Ltd is one of the largest and most efficient cement companies in India with a total production capacity of 29.3 MT/annum spread across six states. In FY2016-17, the company achieved revenue of INR 9496.25 Cr and net profit of INR 1339.11 Cr. Key financial ratios such as current ratio, receivable turnover, and asset turnover improved in FY2016-17 compared to the previous year, indicating better working capital management and asset utilization. However, inventory turnover and return on capital employed declined, suggesting room for improvement in inventory management and capital efficiency. Overall, the company demonstrated strong financial performance but needs to further optimize working capital and capital employed.
DRC is a leading rubber company in Vietnam that produces tires and other rubber products. It has a large market share domestically and exports products to over 30 countries. The company pursues high quality and environmental sustainability. A key strategy is diversifying its product lines to meet various market demands. It has integrated well along the value chain by building its own distribution network and partnering with automakers. While manufacturing remains focused in Da Nang, DRC has a wide geographical reach for distribution within Vietnam and abroad.
The document provides a summary of financial and economic news from November 2012. It discusses the strong third quarter results of Commercial Bank of Ceylon, including a 25% increase in pre-tax profits. It also summarizes highlights from Sri Lanka's Budget 2013, including expansions to investment funds for banking, the introduction of a 1% levy on bank profits, and increased allocations for education, irrigation, and research & development. The document closes with a brief section on macroeconomic trends in Sri Lanka.
Similar to Report on Meghna Cement & Crown Cement companies from year (2016 - 2019) (20)
Recently in Bangladesh, people panicked and started withdrawing money from their bank accounts due to fears of an upcoming food crisis. This caused a panic withdrawal as more people withdrew money out of fear that banks would become insolvent. However, panic withdrawals are typically the result of panic rather than true insolvency. When large numbers of depositors withdraw money simultaneously, banks' cash reserves become depleted, which can ultimately lead them to default and experience a bank run or systemic banking crisis.
This document is a lab report submitted by Marjuk Mahbub Bhuiyan, student ID 1811700630, for the course ENV 107L Section 24 to Dr. Md Monirul Islam of the Department of Environmental Science and Management at North South University.
This presentation is about the IT job sectors in my home country, Bangladesh. This presentation was the very 1st file created by me as my starting life in university so naturally it will have a lot of faults on how to make a presentation file but the information here was collected based on accurate data.
This presentation is based on a short survey under the instructions from a faculty belonging in North South University, Bangladesh. It represents our wants & likelihood towards street foods in our daily lives.
This presentation was made based on education purposes. This might have some flaws as we actually didn't do business in Bhutan but the most of the data are solidly taken from the Internet & Tanin Group's official website.
A presentation on LIFEBUOY which is based on some basic marketing strategies and how to acquire & retain customers through its uniqueness and attributes.
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Report on Meghna Cement & Crown Cement companies from year (2016 - 2019)
1. Report on Meghna Cement & Crown
Cement (2016 – 2019)
Introduction to Financial Management
Course: FIN 254
Section: 2
Submitted to:
Ms. Tanjina Shahjahan
Lecturer
BBA in Finance & Accounting, North South
University, Bangladesh
Email: tanjina.shahjahan@northsouth.edu
Room: NAC777
2. 1 | P a g e
Letter of Transmittal
13th
April, 2021
Ms. Tanjina Shahjahan
Department of Accounting & Finance
North South University.
Subject: Submission of final report of FIN 254
Dear Miss,
With due respect, it is our great pleasure to submit the formal report. The report is about two of
the most renowned cement companies of Bangladesh which are Meghna Cement & Crown
Cement. Our group members have left no stone unturned to collect data and other variable
statement that are significant. We have furnished almost everything that we have learnt during the
course. We hope this report will meet the standards of your judgment. We have tried our best to
make this report solid, informative and easy to understand.
Any mistakes or shortcomings in this report will be apologetically considered as our fault.
We, therefore, pray and hope that you would kindly accept our report and oblige us thereby.
Sincerely from,
Sakib-Ur-Rashid (Team Leader)
Md. Arafat Madbor
Md. Nasimul Haque Nasim
Md. Toslim Talukder
Marjuk Mahbub Bhuiyan
3. 2 | P a g e
Table of Content
Topics Page no
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3
2. GROUP INTRODUCTION 4
3. COMPANY PROFILE 5
4. RATIO ANALYSIS 6 - 22
Liquidity Ratio 6 - 10
a. Current Ratio 6 - 8
b. Quick Ratio 8 - 10
Activity Ratio 10 – 14
a. Inventory Turnover 10 - 12
b. Average Collection Period 12 - 14
Debt Ratio 14 – 18
a. Debt Ratio 14 - 16
b. Times Interest Earned Ratio 16 - 18
Profitability Ratio 18 – 20
a. Gross Profit Margin 18 - 20
Market Ratio 20 - 22
a. Market / Book Ratio 20 - 22
5. SUMMARY 23 - 24
6. RECOMMENDATION 25
7. CONCLUSION 25
8. REFERENCE 26
4. 3 | P a g e
Executive Summary
This report is made on the data collected over last 4 years (2016 – 2019) from 2 of the most
renowned companies of Bangladesh – ‘Meghna Cement’ & ‘Crown Cement’ which is collected
from liable sources through internet. This report contains the financial data based on cross-
sectional analysis & time series analysis with enough graphical representation for a better
understanding. Both companies were assessed and some of the ratios & information from our study
materials were covered by this report. Finally, the report will be presenting the fact of both
companies stand in terms of finance, where the 2 companies’ level when comparing against each
other & give recommendation according to the financial data.
5. 4 | P a g e
Group Introduction
This report is made upon liable sources & contains the financial data of both ‘Meghna Cement
Mills Ltd’ & ‘Crown Cement’ from the last 4 years (2016 – 2019). All of the report data was
collected from the official pages of both respected cement companies through internet & was made
by the following members:
1. Sakib-Ur-Rashid ID: 1813618630
2. Md. Arafat Madbor ID: 1811639030
3. Md. Nasimul Haque Nasim ID: 1812867030
4. Md. Toslim Talukder ID: 1831197630
5. Marjuk Mahbub ID: 1811700630
The financial data of year 2020 can’t be collected as of now because the end of that year wasn’t
not so long ago & it hasn’t been updated fully so the data in this report is from 2016 – 2019.
6. 5 | P a g e
Company Profile
Meghna Cement Mills Ltd (MCML):
Meghna Cement Mills Ltd is the first manufacturing unit of Bashundhara Group and it is one of
the largest cement industries in the country producing nearly 1 million metric tons a year. The
Meghna Cement Mills Ltd is an International Standard Organization (ISO 9001: 2008) certified
company having accreditation of manufacturing products for both domestic and international
markets. Their commercial operation has been started on 1996. The company is listed with both
Dhaka and Chittagong Stock Exchanges, the two bourses of the country since 1995 and 1996
respectively.
The company markets its product under the registered trade mark "King Brand Cement". At
present the production capacity of MCML is approximately 1.2 million MT/annum. Meghna
cement mills was established in 1992 in the Mongla industrial zone on 9.83 acres of land to produce
Portland cement. By choosing this location, they have excellent communication facility to
transport product all over the country through road and river.
Crown Cement:
M. I. Cement Factory Ltd., the parent company of Crown Cement Group, is also one of the leading
manufacturers of cement in Bangladesh. M. I. Cement Factory Ltd. is a public limited company
that commenced its adventurous journey in Bangladesh with the dedication of providing high
quality cement to the country on December 31, 1994. The Company has been listed on Dhaka and
Chittagong bourses in 2011 through initial public offering (IPO) by using the “book-building”
method in an effort to make a contribution to the development of the capital market.
Crown Cement’s vision is to make a contribution to the nation by creating opportunities in the
arena of industrial growth and development of Bangladesh, and to provide a solid foundation for
society’s future.
The mission of Crown Cement is to meet the needs of clients through innovative products &
services that create value for all our stakeholders as a modern cement company.
7. 6 | P a g e
Ratio Analysis
Liquidity Ratio
Liquidity ratios determine a company’s ability to pay off its current debt obligations without
raising external capital.
(https://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/liquidityratios.asp)
a. Current Ratio:
Current Ratio= Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Current ratio is a form of liquidity ratio. Current ratio indicates the company’s ability to cover its
short-term obligation. Current ratios increase and decrease can be effective. Like when current
ratio is low, it makes a high risk of distress & on the other hand if its high it means low risk. But
if it is very high compared to the peer group it means companies may not be using their assets
efficiently.
Company 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
1.28
1.21
1.15
1.09
1.06 1.05
1.12
0.80
2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Crown Meghna
8. 7 | P a g e
MEGHNA 1.06 1.05 1.12 0.80
CROWN 1.28 1.21 1.15 1.09
Time Series (Crown)
The following chart shows that Crown Cement has maintained a current ratio of over 1:1. But here
we can see a little bit of change. It’s a bit low compared to the company average. Company average
is 2:1. But that means company won’t face major industry issues. If the ratio is over 1:1 it indicates
that for every week TK 1 worth of short-term liability then it means the company can pay off its
short-term liabilities with its current asset quite easily.
Time Series (Meghna)
By the following chart Meghna Cement company has also maintained its stats like Crown Cement.
Their current ratio is over 1:1 which was maintained from the year of 2016-2019. But Meghna
Cement is a bit lower than Crown Cement in terms of industry average where industry average is
2:1. But it means that the company won’t face any risk. Like Crown Cement, Meghna Cement also
has over TK 1 worth of current asset. Meaning, the company can pay off its short-term liabilities
with its current asset.
But if we follow the Meghna Cements fiscal year 2018-2019, here Meghna Cement’s current ratio
is decreasing and its 0.80 which is lower than 1 & it indicates a bad sign. It means Meghna Cement
will have a hard time to pay off their debts compared to Crown Cement.
Cross Section
Following this chart Both cement companies’ current ratio looks almost same. It shows enough
asset where current ratio is above 1.
Crown Cement’s current ratio was decreasing day by day. But Meghna Cement’s current ratio was
increasing and decreasing & it’s also true that if we compare with the last fiscal year (2018 – 2019)
the ratio is decreasing for both companies every year. But according to the fiscal year of 2015 -
2018 crown cement was in a good position comparatively because of its higher ratio.
9. 8 | P a g e
If we follow the last year, Meghna Cement’s current ratio is 0.80 which is below 1. The gap is 0.20
& the Crown Cement’s is over 1. It means that Meghna Cement doesn’t have enough to pay for
short term obligation but the Crown Cement does. It means compared to the whole situation
crown cement is in a better position as it has more liquidity than Meghna Cement.
b. Quick Ratio:
Quick Ratio = Current Asset-Current inventories-prepaid expense/Current liabilities
The quick ratio is indicating the two things. First one is that it’s indicating the position of short-
term liquidity & second one is its measuring the company’s ability to meet the short-term
obligation with its most liquid asset. The quick ratio also indicates some other things. Like it
indicates companies’ ability to instant use for its near cash asset. It’s also called acid test ratio. It’s
called acid test ratio because it produces instant result and it’s a quick test.
Company 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Meghna 0.52 0.66 0.69 0.44
Crown 1.05 1.00 0.97 0.91
1.05
1 0.97
0.91
0.52
0.66 0.69
0.44
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
crown Meghna
10. 9 | P a g e
Time Series (Crown)
If any companies’ quick ratio is high, it indicates some things. Like it indicates companies solid
top-line growth, it indicates how quickly converting receivable into cash and indicates how easily
company will be able to cover its financial obligation.
If we see the 2015-2016 fiscal year here, crown cement companies’ quick ratio was 1.05. which is
higher. It indicates it had a solid top-line growth. But if we follow the fiscal year of 2018-2019 it
decreased from 1.05 to 0.92 which is a bad sign. It shows that it became tough to cover up the
financial obligation.
Time series (Meghna)
Meghna cement Acid test ratio is only 0.53 which is very low. It’s very unhealthy acid test ratio
for Meghna Cement. Acid test ratio 0.53 means their current asset were less than current liabilities
where short-term inventory was considered. But their values moved down in recent years and then
moved up to 0.45 in 2019 which means it’s worse than it was in the previous years and it is worse
than Crown Cement. By discussing both sides Meghna cement is not in a good position compared
to Crown Cement.
Cross Section
If we are discussing about quick ratio, Meghna cement indicates a poor result. Meghna cements’
quick ratio is very low. Meghna cement is relying too much on inventory. Meghna cement has less
liquid current asset to cover their short-term debts as in recent years. By comparing Meghna
cement and Crown cement, Crown cement is in better position in terms of activity as they were
relying more on quick assets rather than current assets to pay off their short-term debts.
Between two companies Crown cement is in a better position. Crown cements’ quick ratio is good
& every graph Crown cement has, are in a better position. Whereas Meghna cement was lower
comparatively.
From year (2016-2019) Meghna cements quick ratio is less than 1 that means Meghna cement
doesn’t have enough current assets to pay for its current liabilities. Crown cement’s quick ratio is
0.95 which also less than 1 in 2018-19 fiscal year. So, crown cement has not enough current assets
11. 10 | P a g e
to pay for its current liabilities. But when we compare these two companies Meghna’s quick ratio
is lower than that of Crown cements. That’s why Crown Cement is in a better position than
Meghna Cement when compared side by side.
Activity Ratio
Activity ratio indicates how efficiently a company is leveraging the assets on its balance sheet, to
generate revenues and cash.
(https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/activityratio.asp)
a. Inventory Turnover:
Inventory turnover means how efficiently the company is selling their inventory or how quickly
the company is selling their inventory.
Also it measures on average per period how many times the inventory is actually sold by the
company. The higher it is the better it is.
Calculation of Inventory turnover:
Inventory Turnover = Cost of goods sold / Inventory
Company 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Meghna 4.197716786 9.386103913 7.462047879 14.33573243
Crown 11.3007955 9.62892347 11.92952596 11.27104086
12. 11 | P a g e
Time series Analysis (Crown):
A low turnover implies weak sales and possibly excess inventory; the inventory turnover had
fluctuated for Crown Cement. It decreased from 11.3007 to 9.6289 from 2015 to 2016 then
increased to 11.9295 in 2018. It is observed that in the year 2017-2018 and in 2018-19 it has
again decreased to 11.2710. Crown cement was not able to sell its goods quickly compared to
previous year.
Time series Analysis (Meghna):
A high ratio implies either strong sales or insufficient inventory over the four years; On the other
hand, Meghna Cement had an improving inventory turnover ratio. Their ratio went from 4.1977
(year 2015-2016) to 14.3357 (year 2018-2019). This means that as time progressed, they were
able to sell more quickly.
Cross Sectional Analysis:
The higher the Inventory Turnover is, the more capable the firm is to turn its’ least liquid asset.
Meghna Cement has shown significant improvement in their Inventory Turnover Rate and is
advised to keep continuing this performance. Crown Cement had a much better rate in 2018, but
11.3
9.62
11.92
11.27
4.19
9.38
7.46
14.33
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
CROWN MEGHNA
13. 12 | P a g e
gradually decreased to lower than Meghna Cement’s rate in 2019. In this case, we can say that
Meghna Cement’s Inventory Turnover was better than crown Cement.
b. Average Collection Period:
Average collection period is the calculation process which is also a ratio that comes from the
receivable turnover ratio.
This ratio talks about in average how long it will take for a company to collect its due money
from the receiver. The lower the value of this ratio the better it will be for the company.
Calculation of Average Collection Period:
Average Collection Period = Accounts Receivable / Average Sales Per Day = Accounts
Receivable / (Annual Sales / 365)
COMPANY 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
MEGHNA 107.5940746 97.30382119 90.85966285 53.78790214
CROWN 46.16031637 69.6614268 77.49003185 89.80031313
14. 13 | P a g e
Time Series Analysis (Meghna):
We calculated the Meghna cement company’s average collection period. Their average
collection period in fiscal year 2015-2016 was 107.59 days, in 2016-2017 was 97.30 days, in
2017 2018 was 90.85 days & in 2018-2019 that was 53.78 days. We see that Meghna cement is
following a decreasing trend year by year in average collection period which is great.
Time Series Analysis (Crown):
As we see Crown Cement company’s avg. collection period, we found that in year 2016 it was
46.16 days, in 2017 it was 69.66 days, in 2018 was 77.49 days & in 2019 it was 89.80 days.
From this scenario we can say that Crown’s average collection period is following increasing
trend which means they collect their due money in late.
Cross Sectional Analysis:
The less the average collection period of a company the better for that company in their
collection of which is due. All companies want to collect their money which is due to their
customer because if they collect their money early, they can invest it in many other profitable
46.16
69.66
77.49
89.8
107.59
97.3
90.85
53.78
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2016 2017 2018 2019
CROWN MEGHNA
15. 14 | P a g e
sectors to earn more assets. If we take a look at Meghna Cement company’s average collection
period statistics, we can see that first they take more time to collect but gradually they improve &
collects their faster. In contrast, if we see at the Crown Cement company, we can see that first
they take less time but as time passes by they take more time to collect their due money which is
not good for them. Evidently, we can say that crown cement has to improve their collection
period.
Debt Ratio
a. Debt Ratio:
Debt ratio measures the extent of a company’s leverage. It can be interpreted as the proportion of
a company’s assets that are financed by debt.
(https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/debtratio.asp)
Debt ratio= total debt/ total asset
The asset ratio is a soluble ratio that measures the percentage of liability as a percentage of a firm's
total assets. In a sense, debt-to-debt ratio refers to a company's ability to pay its debts with its
assets. In other words, it shows how many assets the company has to sell to pay off all the
liabilities.
Company 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Meghna 0.8257 or 82.57% 0.8235 or 82.35% 0.8746 or 87.46% 0.8987 or 89.87%
Crown 0.5250 or 52.50% 0.6039 or 60.39% 0.6386 or 63.86% 0.6284 or 62.84%
16. 15 | P a g e
Time Series (Meghna):
Meghna's debt ratio in 2015-201 was .52.57%, 201 fiscal-1. This rate was 822.3 %% in FY, in the
third year it increased to 7.4.66% and lastly it increased to 89.87%. Overall, the Meghna has
followed a growing trend.
Time Series (Crown):
In the first three financial years, the crown maintained a growing trend. In the first year, the ratio
was 52.50%, in the second year it was 60.39% and in the third year the ratio increased to 633.38%
but in the following year it decreased to 62.84%.
Cross Section:
The lower the debt ratio of an organization, the lower the solvent. When we look at the Meghna
ratio, we see that it had a higher ratio from the first financial year and they also had a growing
trend. We got a good ratio value in the crown compared to Meghna. TN ratio indicates how much
52.50%
60.39%
63.86% 62.84%
82.57% 82.35%
87.46%
89.87%
2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Crown Meghna
17. 16 | P a g e
debt the company has against its assets. From the calculations of both the companies, we know
that Meghna has about 80% of its assets and the crown has an average of 61%. From this, it is
understood that Meghna has as much wealth as it has and the crown has a decent amount compared
to Meghna. We can say that Crown Cement has the advantage in this case as well.
b. Times Interest Earned Ratio
“The times interest earned (TIE) ratio is a measure of a company's ability to meet its debt
obligations based on its current income. The formula for a company's TIE number is earnings
before interest and taxes (EBIT) divided by the total interest payable on bonds and other debt.”
Time interest earned ratio= EBIT/ Interest Expense
The interest-earnings ratio is often called the interest coverage ratio, it is a coverage ratio that
measures the proportion of income that can be used to cover future interest expenses. In some
cases, the interest ratio is considered as a solvency ratio because it measures the ability to provide
interest and debt services.
Company 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Meghna 1.30 1.35 1.34 1.45
Crown 2.61 2.54 1.38 1.27
18. 17 | P a g e
Time Series (Meghna):
Meghna had an almost constant interest-earnings ratio in four fiscal years and it was also
advantageous. In 2015-2016 it was 1.3 times the time interest earnings ratio and it increased
slightly to 1.35 times in 2016-2017 and 1.34 times in 2017-2018. And last year it increased 1.45
times.
Time Series (Crown):
From 2015 to 2019 the crown had a convenient time interest reduction ratio in it. At first it had a
larger proportion value. In 2015-201, the ratio was 2.16, in 2016-201, it was 2.54 times and in the
last two years, it has decreased by 1.38 and 1.27 times respectively.
Cross Section:
As we all know that the higher the time-to-earnings ratio than the interest, the higher the solvent
company pays interest to the creditors. Knowing this, we compare the two companies with the
ratio of interest earned over time and we see that both companies are solvent to pay interest but
there is a difference and it is less solvent than the Meghna crown. From the beginning the crown
2.61
2.54
1.38
1.27
1.3 1.35 1.34
1.45
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Crown Meghna
19. 18 | P a g e
was more solvent to them but as time went on, they became less solvent but did not reach the point
where we can say that the company could not pay the expected interest to the credit payers. So, we
can say that both companies are solvents in paying their interest.
Profitability Ratio
Profitability ratios are used to assess a business's ability to generate earnings according to its
revenue, expense, assets, or shareholders' equity over time, using data from a specific point in time.
(https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/profitabilityratios.asp)
a. Gross Profit Margin
“Gross profit margin is metric analysts use to assess a company's financial health by calculating
the amount of money left over from product sales after subtracting the cost of goods sold (COGS).
Sometimes referred to as the gross margin ratio, the gross profit margin is frequently expressed as
a percentage of sales.”
Gross profit margin = Gross profit /Net sales
The firm makes a gross profit in the form of a percentage of the sales dollar after paying for its
sold goods. This ratio shows how good an organization is at producing a good product or providing
a service to its competitors. The higher the gross profit, the better.
Company 2018-2019 2017-2018 2016-2017 2015-2016
Crown 0.1319 or 13.19% 0.1308 or 13.08% 0.1706 or 17.06% 0.1840 or 18.4%
Meghna 0.1015 or 10.15% 0.1028 or 10.28% 0.1099 or 10.99% 0.1161 or 11.61%
20. 19 | P a g e
Time series (Crown)
From a one-time series point of view, the crown had a total profit margin of 201 in 2011 and it
declined to 1% in 2013 and the percentage was 1.0.06% but the reputation of the currency for the
next two periods of 2018 was 13.08% and it was very Poor than three periods. In 2019 it grew by
only 0.11%.
Time series (Meghna)
From a consistent perspective of time, Meghna had a gross profit margin in 201 in and it decreased
by 0.62% in 2017. The ratio was 10.99% but a really interesting thing happened. In 2018 and 2019
the ratio gradually decreased and the ratio was 10.28% and 10.15%. From time to time, Meghna
was not able to capture its effectiveness and it had a certain percentage of it from each sale after
the given cost of the products sold.
Cross section
Cross-section defines comparisons between two organizations. The crowns of the two companies
mentioned here and Meghna had their own separate gross profit margins. In the first period of
18.40%
17.06%
13.08% 13.19%
11.61%
10.99%
10.28% 10.15%
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
CROWN MEGHNA
21. 20 | P a g e
2015-2016 and 2016-2017 crowns, the gross profit margin is more gross than Meghna (18.4% -
11.61%) = 6.79% and (17.06% -10.99%) = 6.07%. The crown proves the skill of gaining in a better
way than Meghna. In the last two periods of the 2017 and 2018 crowns, total profit margins have
come down slightly but not less than Meghna. The total profit margin of Crown type cement in
2017-2018 was 13.08% and in 2018-2019 it was slightly higher and the percentage was 13.19%
where the total profit of Meghna Cement was 10.28% and in 2018-2019 it decreased slightly and
the percentage was 10.15%. In these two cases, the crown profit type of cement, the total profit
margin was also higher than that of Meghna Cement. Crown type cement maintains a higher profit
ratio than Meghna because the cost of crown type cement sold was slightly lower than that of
Meghna. Putting all the data at desk, it is clear that Crown Cement has performed better
than Meghna and its ratio was higher than Meghna most of the time although it was slightly
lower in 2018 and 2019.
Market Ratio:
Market value ratio is used to evaluate the current share price of a commonly held company's stock
& this ratio is employed by current and potential investors to determine whether a company's
shares are over-priced or under-priced. There are many market ratios such as – book value per
share, dividend yield, earnings per share, market value per share, price/earnings ratio.
(https://www.accountingtools.com/articles/market-value-ratios.html)
a. Market / Book Ratio:
“The book-to-market ratio is one indicator of a company's value. The ratio compares a firm's book
value to its market value. ... A firm's market value is determined by its share price in the stock
market and the number of shares it has outstanding, which is its market capitalization.”
Market / Book Ratio = Market Price / Book Value
22. 21 | P a g e
The market-to-book ratio simply compares the market price with the book price of a given firm.
In other words, it suggests how much the investors are paying against the dollar value of the book
on the balance sheet. Also known as price-to-book value, this ratio tries to establish a relationship
between the price of the book published on the balance sheet and the actual market value of the
stock. Mathematically, this is the ratio of market value to book value.
Company 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Meghna 26.64 25.58 23.53 27
Crown 1.65 1.95 1.69 1.41
Time Series (Meghna):
In year 2015-2016 m/b ratio was 26.64 times, it was 25.58 times in 2016-2017 fiscal year. In third
year, it had been decreased by 23.53 times and Meghna came back in 2018-2019 fiscal year with
27 times m/b ratio.
1.65 1.95 1.69 1.41
26.64
25.58
23.53
27
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019
Crown Meghna
23. 22 | P a g e
Time Series (Crown):
Crown in year 2015-2016 its m/b ratio was 1.65 times. Second year it was 1.95 times. In last two
years the m/b ratio had been decreased by 1.69 and 1.41 times respectively which implies an
undervaluation of the share in the market.
Cross Section:
In general, the higher the M / B ratio of a company, the better for investors. This is the ratio that
calculates whether the shares of a company are relatively worthless or worthless compared to other
companies. Since we all know that this ratio is calculated from the investor’s point of view,
investors will choose the best option for them. They will choose Meghna to invest their money
because it is more valuable than the crown and its growth is considered to be a consistently
higher rate as our calculated m / b ratio.
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Company
Data
Summary
Crown Cement Meghna Cement
Ratios 30 June
2019
30 June
2018
30 June
2017
30 June
2016
30 June
2019
30 June
2018
30 June
2017
30 June
2016
Current ratio 1.09 1.15 1.21 1.28 0.80 1.13 1.05 1.07
Quick Ratio 0.91 0.97 1.00 1.05 0.45 0.69 0.66 0.53
Inventory
Turnover
11.27 11.92 9.62 11.30 14.33 7.46 9.39 4.19
Receivable
Turnover
4.06 4.71 5.23 7.90 6.79 4.01 3.75 3.39
Average
Collection Period
89.80 77.49 69.66 46.16 53.78 90.85 97.30 107.59
Average Payment
Period
15.56 16.81 25.17 36.85 72 79.49 69.61 61.51
Total Asset
Turnover
0.75 0.63 0.52 0.63 0.95 0.804 1.06 0.65
Fixed Asset
Turnover
1.81 1.61 2.00 1.82 8.95 5.78 5.42 2.89
Debt Ratio 0.62 0.63 0.60 0.52 0.89 0.874 0.82 0.82
25. 24 | P a g e
Times Interest
Earned
1.27 1.38 2.54 2.61 1.448 1.33 1.35 1.30
Net Profit Margin 0.017 0.025 0.07 0.08 0.009 0.014 0.013 0.012
Gross Profit
Margin
0.131 0.130 0.17 0.18 0.10 0.102 0.109 0.116
Operating Profit
Margin
0.08 0.079 0.11 0.13 0.015 0.019 0.017 0.017
Basic Earning
Power
0.06 0.050 0.06 0.08 0.014 0.015 0.018 0.01
Return on Asset 0.013 0.016 0.03 0.05 0.008 0.011 0.013 0.008
Return on Equity 0.04 0.044 0.09 0.11 0.087 0.094 0.079 0.048
Earnings Per
Share
1.69 2.12 4.45 5.01 2.92 3.29 2.91 3.42
Price Earnings
Ratio
40.20 38.15 20.95 14.96 30.68 27.41 32.27 25.43
Market-Book
Ratio
1.41 1.69 1.95 1.65 26.99 23.52 25.58 24.64
26. 25 | P a g e
Recommendation
After analyzing all the ratios & its sub categories we’ve found out that both Meghna Cement &
Crown Cement companies have done their utmost but also lacked in certain areas. From the
liquidity ratio analysis (current and quick ratio), Meghna had lowers current assets than required
so in that case Meghna should focus more on their current assets to cover up their current liabilities
for the business to progress otherwise they can’t earn profits if the assets are equally diminished
by the liabilities or if the assets are lower. For activity ratio, Meghna Cement came out pretty good
in all aspects but in terms of average payment aspect Crown Cement was far better. On the basis
of solvency, Crown Cement’s performance has no gap but it would be good if Meghna Cement
reduced their amount of leverage and improved the solvency of return on interest of creditors
which will affect the profit of the company. If we see at the profitability ratio, Meghna Cement
will have to work on it by managing all of its profit generating tools and by updating its shortage.
Last but not least is the market ratio in which Meghna Cement has come out as the winner
compared to Crown Cement as Crown Cement needs its EPS in accordance with its market value.
Conclusion
After all the discussion from above, we have come to conclude that, Crown Cement has a better
record shown from the graphical representations. It seems that Crown Cement won’t face much of
a liquidity crisis as it would affect Meghna Cement. However, Meghna Cement’s inventory
turnover is better than Crown Cement due to Meghna Cement’s increasing trend. Crown Cement
also has a better and more profitability prospects than Meghna Cement in terms of net profit
margin, gross profit margin, return on equity, earnings per share etc. We can also see that Meghna
Cement has more current liabilities than its assets to make actual profits after paying off their debts
whereas Crown Cement is in a better position but we can say one thing for sure that both of the
companies are solvent in their payment of interest. In short, investors are much more likely to
invest in Crown Cement company due to its better profitability records over the past few years
(2016 – 2019).
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Reference
1. Accounting CPE Courses & Books. (2020, 12, 17). Retrieved from Accounting Tools:
https://www.accountingtools.com/articles/market-value-ratios.html
2. Ltd., M. C. (n.d.). Meghna Cement Mills Ltd. Retrieved from
http://www.meghnacement.com/
3. Cement, C. (n.d.). Crown Cement. Retrieved from https://crowncement.com/
4. Hayes, A. (2021, 3, 31). Retrieved from Investopedia:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/liquidityratios.asp
5. Hayes, A. (2021, 3, 30). Retrieved from Investopedia:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/debtratio.asp
6. Hayes, A. (2021, 4, 9). Retrieved from Investopedia:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/profitabilityratios.asp
7. Kenton, W. (2020, 10, 18). Retrieved from Investopedia:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/activityratio.asp