This document summarizes renewable energy sources. It discusses various renewable sources like wind, solar, hydroelectric, tidal, and geothermal energy. It provides information on non-renewable sources like coal, LPG, natural gas and nuclear energy. It also shares data on energy consumption per capita in different countries and the share of different energy sources in India's total power generation. The document further describes various solar energy applications like solar panels, solar collectors, solar street lights and their merits and limitations. It concludes with providing facts about other renewable sources like hydroelectric, biomass, biogas, ethanol and hydrogen energy.

1. RENEWABLE ENERGY
-B. Prasad
Chartered Engineer
amieclub@gmail.com

2. INTRODUCTION
 Renewable energy is energy obtained
from sources that are essentially
inexhaustible.
 Examples: wind power, solar power,
geothermal energy, tidal power and
hydroelectric power.
 The most important feature of renewable
energy is that it can be harnessed
without the release of harmful

3. Sources of energy
NON
RENEWABLE
 COAL
 LPG
 NATURAL GAS
 NUCLEAR
 FUEL CELL
RENEWABLE
 WIND
 HYDRO
 SOLAR
 BIOMASS
 BIOGAS
 PHOTOVOLTAIC

4. ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER
CAPITA
COUNTRYCOUNTRY UNIT(KWH)UNIT(KWH)
PAKISTANPAKISTAN 6969
INDONESIAINDONESIA 145145
INDIAINDIA 425425
CHINACHINA 12481248
UKUK 56005600
USAUSA 13000130000
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
INDIA UK USA TOWNSHIP
UNIT(KWH)
UNIT(KWH)

5. Power generation in India
Powergeneration root Capacity MW %
Thermal 103449 64.7
Hydro 36913 24.7
Nuclear 4560 2.9
Solar/wind/Biomass 16429 7.7
Total 1,61,351 100

6. SHARE OF ENERGY SOURCE
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
OIL COAL GAS RENEWABLE
ENERGY
NUCLEAR
SHARE %
SHARE %
SOURCE SHARE %
OIL 38
COAL 28
GAS 21
Renewable Energy 7
NUCLEAR 6

10. Solar collector

11. Solarpond
 6000m2 Solar
pond at Bhuj
dairy, Bhuj,
Gujarat
Designed and
installed by
TERI

12. Fresnel
 ARUN160: Fresnel
Paraboloid
concentrator with cavity
receiver with 2-axes
tracking having
160 m2 aperture area
installed under IIT-
Bombay - Clique R & D
Project sponsored by
MNRE for milk
pasteurization at
Mahanand Dairy, Latur,

13. Solar street light
 EXAMPLE
 Height of pole: 4m
 No. of lamp: 1
 Type of lamp: CFL
(11W)
 No. Of battery :
(12V,90Ah)
 Cost :30000/-

14. SOLAR LIGHT

15. Solar power generation:PV
CELL

16. MERITS/LIMITATION OF PV
CELL
 NOISE LESS
 ABSENCE OF
MOVING PART
 ADDITIVE
PROPERTY
 EASY TO
OPERATE
 POLLUTION
 DEPENDS ON
SUN LIGHT
 INITIAL COST IS
HIGH
 ENERGY
STORAGE
DEVICE IS
REQUIRED
Merit Limitation

17. Solar power on grid/of grid
 off Grid solar power
plant can obtain the
solar energy from
solar panel, and can
stored in to the battery
Banks
 On Grid tie solar
power plant can
obtain the solar
energy from solar
panel, and can tie to
the grid through its
output cable with no
battery backups.
Off Grid SolarPowerPlant On Grid SolarPowerPlant

18. Solar power generation fact
 Rate: 200/watt for smaller plant
 Space required : 10 watt per squire feet
 Solar Power Plant comes to Rs. 15 crore for each
MW
 cost of generation of solar power Rs.16/-approx.
 Indian government is planning to offer a subsidy of
55% on installation of solar power in residential
and commercial settings.

19. Solar Appliances in India
 340,000 home illumination
systems,
 55,000 solar road lights,
 1,500 of solar PV energy
producing plants,
 575,000 solar cookers,
 560,000 solar lamps,
 6,800 solar PV pumps and
solar water heaters

20. PV water pumping system

21. Solar water heater: flat plate
collector
 Example:
 Face area: 2 sq.
Meter
 Temperature
range :50-70 deg.C
 Cost:@Rs.180/LPD
(Litre per day)
 Module : 125LPD,
250LPD,300LPD

22. Solar water heater: evacuated tube
collector
 Example:
 Face area: 2 sq.
Meter
 Temperature
range :60-80
deg.C
 Cost:@Rs.200/L
PD(Litre per day)
 Module :
125LPD,
250LPD,300LPD

23. Hydro energy
 P= 9.8 Q Hη
where:
 P= power(KW)
= plant efficiencyη
Q = discharge flow
rate (meter3
/s)
H= head (meter)

24. Water flow

25. MERIT AND DEMERIT
 Power at constant
rate
 Non -polluting
 Lower operational
cost
 easy transmission
 Help in irrigation
projects.
 Cater peak load
 High investment costs
 Loss of fish species
 Cost for construction
 Due to drought may
become useless
 Dams can break in a
massive flash flood
 Damming rivers causes
changes in ecological
cycles
MERIT DEMERIT

26. ETHANOL,ETHYL ALCOHAL
CH3CH2OH

27. USE OF ETHANOL
 AS SOLVENT
 GERMICIDE
 ALCOHLIC BEVRAGE
 ADHESIVE
 FUEL FOR AUTOMOBILE

28. BIO DIESEL

29. BIOMASS

30. HYDROGEN ENERGY

31. Biogas

32. Bio gas fact and cost
 1m3 bio gas =0.42litre of diesel
 1m3 bio gas =0.468 kg LPG
 1m3 bio gas =0.62L of kerosene
 1m3 bio gas =3.5 kg fore wood
 1m3 bio gas =1.25 KW Electricity
 10 kg of waste per day = produces around 1
CUM of biogas.
 Cost of the system is around Rs. 15000/- per
CUM of plant.

33. ACT FAST AND INITIATE
FIRST
 बड़ा सोचो
 तेजी से सोचो व
 सबसे पहले सोचो
 िवचारो पर िकसी का
 एकािधकार नही होता.
---- धीरभाई अमबानी

34. THANK YOU