INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AGENCIES BY ANUSHRI SRIVASTAV.pptx
Renal calculi
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6. It refe rs formation of stones in the urinary tract when
urinary concentrations of substances such as calcium
oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid increase.
- BRUNNER AND SUDDARTH’S-
Renal calculi are hard, generally small stones that from
somewhere in the renal structures.
-WILLIAMS,HOPPER-
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8. Due to etiological factors
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Alters the renal flow and metabolism
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Increases the concentration in the blood and urine
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Increases the viscosity of the blood
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9. Mucoproteins formation in the kidney
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Kidney is unable to detoxify the urine
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Increases the urine concentration
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Stone formation in the kidney
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Signs and symptoms occur.
10. Stone block the flow of urine:
- Pyelonephritis and U.T.I
-Chills, fever.
- Pain, discomfort.
Stone in the renal pelvis:
- Hematuria.
- Pyuria.
- Pain.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Diarrhea.
11. Stone lodged in the ureter.
-Acute coliky wave like pain radiating down the
thigh and to the genitalia.
- Hematuria.
Stones lodged in the bladder:
- Irritation.
- Hematuria.
- Urinary retention.
-Urosepsis.
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14. Goals:
To eradicate the stone.
Determine the stone type.
Prevent nephron distruction.
Control infection.
To relieve any obstruction.
Relieve the pain
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19. Management of calcium stones:
Restrict calcium in diet.
Increase hydration.
Uric acid stones:
Provide low purine diet.
Use of ALLOPURINOL
20. Cystine stones:
Low protein diet.
Fluid intake is increased.
Oxalate stones:
Low intake of oxalate foods.
