Every organ present inside our body performs specific functions, which are useful for balancing our health. The kidneys are paired organs of the excretory system that assist in the elimination of waste materials in the form of urine. Regulation of metabolites and secretion of specific hormones are other important functions performed by the kidneys.

1. Causes | Symptoms | Treatment
Acute Kidney Injury

2. CAUSES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
Acute Kidney Injury is common in the critically ill,
especially in patients with sepsis and other forms
of systemic inflammation, but other causes must
be considered. Let us look at the most common
causes.
 Improper fluid balance
 Elevated potassium levels
 High blood urea nitrogen
 High blood creatinine
 Enlargement of prostate gland

3.  Exposure to toxins
 Low volume of blood
 Low urine production
 Acute tubular necrosis
 Interstitial nephritis
 Acute nephritic syndrome
 Clotting of kidney's blood vessels
CONTINUE:- CAUSES OF ACUTE KIDNEY
INJURY

4. SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
Diagnosis is carried out with blood tests and urine
tests. The symptoms of acute renal failure are
associated with a decrease in urine production and
swelling in specific parts of the body. The
symptoms are:
 Decreased urine production
 Decreased appetite
 Swelling of ankle, hands, and feet
 Bloody stools

5. CONTINUE:- SYMPTOMS OF
ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
 High blood pressure
 Bleeding of nose
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Bruising easily
 Metallic taste in mouth
 Decreased sensation
 Rapid hiccups
 Seizures
 Sluggish movements

6. TREATMENT OF ACUTE KIDNEY
INJURY
 Pharmacologic therapy of AKI
 Hemodialysis
 Biocompatible membranes
 Dopamine not recommended either as
prophylaxis or treatment (Lancet 2000) esp in
critically ill pts as proven in ANZICS trial where
renal dose dopamine was not associated with
any decrease in s/cr or RRT.
 Diuretics
 CRRT vs IHD