Zarin Tasnim Anika presented on the Renaissance period (1450-1660) to Monir Hossen. The Renaissance was a period of rebirth and revival of classical learning that began in Italy. Key developments included the printing press invented by Gutenberg in 1436, Galileo's discovery of the pendulum clock in 1581, Columbus discovering America, and Leonardo da Vinci painting the Mona Lisa. Martin Luther founded the Lutheran church based on the belief that salvation comes from faith alone. In England, King Henry VIII broke from the Catholic church after the Pope refused to grant him a divorce. The Renaissance was a time of growth in philosophy, art, culture and science across Europe.