This document provides an overview of key concepts in oral communication, including definitions of communication, the elements and nature of communication, different types of speech delivery, and reasons for speaking. It defines communication as a two-way process of sharing meaning between participants using various channels and contexts. The elements of communication are identified as the speaker, message, encoding, channel, decoding, receiver, and feedback. The nature of communication is described as being both process and interactive and involving the symbolic and dynamic exchange of verbal and nonverbal messages over time. Different types of speech delivery are explained as extemporaneous, impromptu, manuscript, and memorized. The three main reasons for speaking are to inform, persuade, or entertain an audience. Examples

1. REINFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN ORAL
COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT
CHRISTINE JOY B. GALINGAN

2. Let’s Review
1. The one who conveys the message
sender/ speaker/ source
2. The medium or means through which the message is transmitted.
channel
3. The receiver’s message that he or she sends to the source in
response to the sender’s message.
feedback
4. The one who listens and decodese the conveyed message.
receiver
5. The information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in
words or in actions
message

3. LET’S REVIEW
6. Extract the meaning of words, actions, and expressions to complete understanding.
decode
7. The environment where communication takes place.
context
8.The process of sharing and conveying message from one person to another within
and across contexts.
communication
9. This is how you transmit the words, actions, or expressions
Encode
10.the factors that affect the flow of communication
noise

4. what would our life and world be
like without communication?

5. Definition of Communication
•Communication is derived from Latin “commūnicāre”, meaning
“to share".
•Communication is a two-way process of reaching mutual
understanding, in which participants not only exchange information
but also create and share meaning within anda cross channels,
contexts, media, and cultures.

6. Elements of Communication
1. speaker
2. message
3. encoding
4. channel
5. decoding
6. Receiver
7. Feedback
8. Context/ situation
9. Barrier

7. Nature of Communication
PROCESS
INTERACTIVE
Communication involves a series of logical
steps to effectively transmit messages.
Communication engages two or more
people, the receiver and the sender, with
mutual influence through inter-stimulation
and response.

8. Nature of Communication
SYMBOLIC
DYNAMIC
Communication can be verbal (spoken or
written words), nonverbal (through actions) or
both verbal or nonverbal at the same time.
Communication involves a variety of forces and
activities interacting over time.

9. Types of Speech According to Delivery
1. Extemporaneous
2. Impromptu
3. Manuscript
4. Memorized

10. Types of Speech According to Delivery
EXTEMPORANEOUS
Description
 Speaking with limited preparation
 Guided by notes or outline
 Delivered conversationally
 Most popular type

11. Types of Speech According to Delivery
IMPROMPTU
Description
 Speaking without advanced preparation
 Unrehearsed speech
 Spoken conversationally

12. Types of Speech According to Delivery
MANUSCRIPT
Description
Speaking with advanced preparation
Planned and rehearsed speech
Reading aloud a written message

13. Types of Speech According to Delivery
MEMORIZED
Description
 Speaking with advanced preparation
 Planned and rehearsed speech
 Reciting a written message word-for-word
from memory

14. THREE REASONS FOR
SPEAKING
1. To Inform
(Expository)
2. To Persuade
(Persuasive)
3. Entertain (Narrative or
Poetry)

15. TO INFORM
Often called expository.
Expository - explains facts.
Examples:
Biography of Jose Rizal
News report about a shooting
SONA of the President
Remember: Expository =
Often called expository.
Expository - explains facts.
Examples:
Biography of Jose Rizal
News report about a shooting
SONA of the President
Remember: Expository =

16. TO PERSUADE
Attempts to influence the listener.
Usually makes an argument.
Examples:
Political speeches
Advertisements
A speech influencing people to
recycle

17. TO ENTERTAIN
Narratives: stories.
A story may have a lesson, but the author’s
main purpose is to entertain.
Examples
• Anecdote
• Poems about love
• Stories/ fables

18. Is it a story, poem, or drama
Entertain
Yes No
Does it make arguments?
Inform
Persuade
Yes No
Does it give facts?
Yes No Start
Over

19. QUIZ
You will be graded on participation
and completion, not on accuracy.
1. On a separate sheet of paper,
number one through ten.
2. I will describe an event ot activity.
3. You will write the purpose: to inform,
persuade, or entertain.

20. 1
A story of a teenage boy
learning to understand and live
with his father, who is an
alcoholic Vietnam war veteran.

21. 2
Names of the 25 richest
athletes in the world.

22. 3
An argument why
Michael Jordan is the
greatest basketball
player ever.

23. 4
The story of “Tomb
Raider”

24. 5
The story about a
young girl with low
self-esteem learning to
love herself.

25. 6
A speech about the
eating and breeding
habits of the
endangered bald
eagle.

26. 7
A speech saying that a new
shopping mall should not be
built because it threatens an
endangered bald eagle’s
home. It also tells other
reasons why the mall should
not be built.

27. 8
A poem about bald eagles.

28. 9
An advertisement
telling you to buy Nike
Hyperdunk shoes
because with it you can
jump higher.

29. 10
A reminder to be take precautions
during camping out.

30. ANSWERS
1. Entertain
2. Inform
3. Persuade
4. Entertain
5. Entertain
6. Inform
7. Persuade
8. Entertain
9. Persuade
10. Inform