The document discusses creative nonfiction as a genre that incorporates elements of fiction into nonfiction writing by using one's personal experiences, real people, or actual events as topics. It lists various literary elements commonly used in creative nonfiction such as characters, setting, plot, dialogue, imagery, point of view, and theme. Examples of these elements are also provided to illustrate how creative nonfiction utilizes techniques from both fiction and nonfiction writing.

1. Creative
Nonfiction
Quarter 3 – Module 2:
Creating Sample of the
Different Literary Elements
Based on One’s Experience
12

3. Subject Area – Grade Level
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Title
First Edition, 2020
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Development Team of the Module
Writers: Leovelyn Grace C. Alarcon
Editors: Louie Mark Garvida, Imelda C. Martinez, Jerryl Jean L. Salunayan
Reviewers: Helen J. Ranan, Sally A. Palomo
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Coordinator

4. 12
Creative
Nonfiction
Quarter 3 – Module 2:
Creating Sample of the Different
Literary Elements Based on
One’s Experience

5. 5
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Creative Nonfiction Grade 12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on the topic
“Create Sample of the Different Literary Elements Based on One’s Experience
(e.g., metaphor to describe an emotion).”
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

6. 6
For the learner:
Welcome to the Creative Nonfiction Grade 12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on the topic
“Create Sample of the Different Literary Elements Based on One’s Experience
(e.g., metaphor to describe an emotion).”
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

7. 7
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.

8. 8
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the Elements of Fiction. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.
In this module, you will be able to:
• create sample of the different literary elements based on one’s experience (e.g.,
metaphor to describe an emotion).
Specifically, you are expected to:
• use different literary elements in writing
• create sample texts according to one’s experience
This module is self-instructional. You can read, analyze concepts and ideas
presented and reflect on them. The activities will help you assess your progress as
you go through in this module.
Now, let us begin this journey.

9. 9
What I Know
In this part, let us check your prior knowledge on the literary elements of
writing literature. Encircle the letter of your answer.
1. What literary element that gives hints or clues as to what will happen later
in the plot?
a. mood
b. point of view
c. personification
d. foreshadowing
2. Which of the following gives human characteristics to nonhuman things?
a. irony
b. simile
c. suspense
d. personification
3. What is known to be the atmosphere of feeling that the writer creates for a
reader or how the reader feels?
a. tone
b. mood
c. expressive
d. emotional landscape
4. Which of the following refers to the central idea or message in a work of
literature?
a. theme
b. imagery
c. illusion
d. allusion
5. What is identified as the contrast between what is expected and what
actually happens?
a. irony
b. theme
c. setting
d. conflict
6. Which of the following refers to the events in the story that move along by
adding complications or expanding the conflict?
a. exposition
b. denouement
c. complication
d. rising action
7. What figure of speech makes a comparison between two things that are
basically unlike but have something in common and do not use the word like
or as.
a. simile
b. climax
c. conflict
d. metaphor

10. 10
8. Which of the following refers to the descriptive words or phrases that
recreate sensory experience for the reader?
a. plot
b. theme
c. allusion
d. imagery
9. “Wisdom gently whispers to us to part from evil.” What figure of speech is
used in the line?
a. simile
b. metaphor
c. hyperbole
d. personification
10.Which statement does NOT describe the nature of figurative language?
a. explicit expression
b. suggestive and attributive
c. use of foreign symbols and images
d. highly artistic means of expression
11. Which of the following is an example of simile?
a. Sarah sings like an angel.
b. The assignment was a breeze.
c. Her voice is music to his ears.
d. Sarah is an angel when she sings.
12. Which of the following is an example of personification?
a. I waited in line for 10 years!
b. The trees danced in the wind.
c. You are as a beautiful as a flower.
d. He is an encyclopedia of knowledge.
13. Which of the given expressions exhibits metaphor?
a. Mother, Mother, I am sick.
b. Kisses are the flowers of affection.
c. There are billions of stars in the universe.
d. The sun, the moon, and the stars are celestial bodies.
14. Setting, Plot, Conflict, Climax, and Resolution are:
a. parts of fiction
b. parts of nonfiction
c. parts of a whole
d. parts of both fiction and nonfiction
15. Which of the following is the best definition for “local color”?
a. Stories must use foreign symbols and images.
b. It is anchored to the idea that literature is an imitation of life.
c. Stories must be written using the native language or dialect to
preserve cultural identity.
d. It refers to the technique of copying the lifestyle, custom, beliefs,
practices and inclusion of local symbols and images peculiar to
region or locale.

11. 11
Lesson
1 The Literary Elements
Literature contains hidden treasures, filled with mysteries and secrets to be
revealed and entangled which fascinates readers. As a reader, you are an adventurer
on a quest to find what treasures are buried within literary selection. Interpretative
skills are the tools that are needed in finding these treasures. Having these skills will
uncover the hidden secrets of meaning and experience literature has to offer.
In this module, you will be introduced to the dimensions of literary elements
used in nonfiction.
The next activity will let you connect your understanding about our previous
lesson about analysing and interpreting the theme and techniques used in a
particular text.
What’s In
For you to have a better grasp of the previous lesson, let us have a short
review about what have you learned.
Activity 1. Be Poetic!
Direction: Read the excerpt from the poem ‘If’ by Rudyard Kipling and answer the
questions that follow.
“If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with Kings nor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but none too much,
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds worth of distance run,
Yours is the Erath and everything that’s in it,
And-which is more –you’ll be a Man, my son!”
-Excerpt from the poem “If” by Rudyard Kipling
-https://poets.org/poem/if
1. What is the message, the poem tries to express?
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2. State the theme of the poem, and justify your answer.
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What’s New
In order for you to gain more understanding about our lesson, let’s see
what you can do in this activity. Have fun!
Activity 2. Ideas and Feelings Express!
Direction: Accomplish the organizer below by jotting down 4 terms associated to the
word Literary Elements. Then write phrases or clauses below in the organizer
justifying why the words you wrote are associated with Literary Elements.
Notes to the Teacher
In this module, we will review and further discuss the various elements,
techniques, and literary devices in various modes of fiction. We will also read and
analyze short stories and will identify the various elements, techniques and
literary devices in various modes of fiction.
LITERARY ELEMENTS

13. 13
Summarize your responses.
I think that literary elements are
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Activity 3. Depict Me!
Take a good look at this picture depicting the situation of Filipinos during the
pandemic.
1. What are your thoughts about the picture?
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2. What feeling does it evoke?
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14. 14
What is It
Man is gifted with a powerful mind. Our mind has the ability to create and
construct a story based on experience and reality. Thus, these experiences are best
depicted and manifested through the creative use of language which gives birth to
one interesting form of literature which is nonfiction.
What is Creative Nonfiction?
Creative nonfiction writers often incorporate several elements of
nonfiction when writing. It involves writing about personal experience, real people,
or events. Thus, creative nonfiction is the literature of fact rather than fiction.
Authors can write about anything, such as a personal experience, current events, or
issues in the public eye. The writer can also inject personal thoughts, feelings or
opinions into writing.
The work of creative nonfiction does not follow imaginary but with the actual,
with what actually is or actually was or what actually happened, in short the actual
is our touchstone.
Literary Elements
Creative nonfiction is the literature of fact. Yet, the creative nonfiction writer
utilizes many of the literary elements of fiction writing.
The following is a list of the most common literary devices that writers
incorporate into their nonfiction writing.
1. Characters/s 8. Foreshadowing 15. Setting, Scene and Atmosphere
2. Motif 9. Imagery 16. Style
3. Detail 10. Flash Forward 17. Symbol
4. Dialogue 11. Narrative 18. Theme
5. Diction 12. Order 19. Tone
6. Figurative Language 13. Plot and Plot Structure
7. Flashbacks 14. Point of View
➢ Storytelling/narration
The writer needs to be able to tell his/her story. A good story includes
an inciting incident, a goal, challenges and obstacles, a turning point, and
resolution of the story.
➢ Character
The nonfiction piece often requires a main character. Example, if a
writer is creating his/her memoir, then the writer is the central character.
➢ Setting and scene
The writer creates scenes that are action-oriented which include
dialogue and contain vivid descriptions.
➢ Plot and plot structure
These are the main events that make up the story. In a personal essay,
there might be only one event. In memoir, there are often several significant
events.

15. 15
➢ Figurative language
The writer often uses simile and metaphor to create an interesting piece
of creative nonfiction.
➢ Imagery
The writer constructs “word pictures” using sensory language. Imagery
can be figurative or literal.
➢ Point of View
refers to who is telling or narrating a story
➢ Dialogue
These are the conversations spoken between people. It is an important
component of creative nonfiction.
➢ Theme
There is a central idea that is weaved through the essay or work. Often,
the theme reveals a universal truth.
Here is a poem about an underground river in Palawan, which has
become a popular and iconic tourist attraction in recent years. It showcases
the significant experience of the writer when he visits the place.
Moonset at Central Park Station of St. Paul
Subterranean River National Park
John Iremil E. Teodoro
This morning,
after the faint scent
of sea grasses
awakened me,
I followed
the setting moon
in the reef flats
in front of my
bamboo cottage
I nearly stepped on
a parrotfish
that was caught
by the low tide.
It was big
as my slipper
I picked
its slimy body
and returned it
to the sea.
In its excitement
it forgot to
thank me.
I didn’t even bother
to look back—
it swam quickly

16. 16
away from me
it dived
towards the direction
of the horizon
where the moon
was hiding.
Perhaps in my next visit
that parrotfish
will surprise me
with a greeting.
It shall brag to me
about its scales
painted by
the setting moon.
(First appeared in the book Paruparo at Korales/Butterflies and
Corals: A collection of Palawan Poems in Filipino and English
published by Bandillo ng Palawan Foundation, 1999)
https://sirrafcreativenonfiction.wordpress.com/2017/06/24/poetry-
and-creative-nonfictioin/
What’s More
Hooray! You have gleaned into the essential concepts and ideas about the
literary elements used in nonfiction. This time let us check your understanding by
doing the activities independently and enthusiastically.
Activity 4. Entangle the Mystery!
Direction: Read the poem entitled “A Bee is Not Just a Bee” written by grade 12
HUMSS student about her experiences in life, then answer the questions that
follow.
A Bee is Not Just a Bee
Beulah May S. Asayas
A reflection stands in the mirror
Staring back at me, taking forever
Brows colliding against each other
As if eyeing a dreadful monster
Flaws evident in every angle
Hairs in every places, tight in tangle
Hates to expose herself and mingle
But still wants to ring a bell and jingle

17. 17
Then her broad shoulders start shaking
Soon the air was filled with hideous laughing
There are also loud sounds of stomping
Her two big hands on her stomach, aching
“wanted nor loved, you’ll never be,”
Words she whispered so lowly to me
“you’re not a pretty butterfly, bee,
You’re just black and yellow, dull and stingy”
As if I am the last air bender,
To her cruel words, I won’t surrender
Because I know my eyes are wider
My understanding is so much broader
These flaws were carefully drawn on me
They are my stars that shine as my beauty
They are my charms, that’s why I’m lucky
The make me up, so I’m not just a bee.
-HUMSS 12-Confucius Output in Creative Nonfiction SY:
2019-2020
1. What is the tone of Beulah May S. Asayas’s poem? Relate to your personal
experience.
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2. Can you feel the poet’s emotion in the poem? As a student, how did you
handle your emotions about yourself and others?
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18. 18
What I Have Learned
It is time to check what you have learned in our lesson. Do the activity
below.
Activity 5. From Thoughts to Words!
Direction: List down all the thoughts you have right now. These thoughts are your
experiences about a person, your studies, food, music, travel, feelings, etc. Write a
poem about your particular topic and incorporate the elements discussed in the
lesson.
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Title
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Rate the poem from 1 to 5, based on the following criteria:
Indicators Rating (1-5)
The poem contains all the elements discussed
The poem is creatively written
The message of the poem is clear
It is well-written with proper use punctuation,
correct spelling, and correct grammar.

19. 19
What I Can Do
The activity below will make your learning experience productive and
meaningful. As our experiences in life hone us to become a better person it also
creates a beautiful story that we always look back. Do this activity and be fascinated
by remembering your past.
Activity 6. Memory Lane!
Direction: Think of the unforgettable experience in your life. Choose at least one
topic from the list below. Create a two-paragraph using the elements of nonfiction.
See rubric below for your guide in writing your story.
A. A major mistake you made in your life.
B. Choose a random photograph from your collection. Look at it for a few
minutes and then write about how it made you feel and the thoughts that came up.
C. Forgive Me. Write about a time when you had to beg for forgiveness, or
when someone begged you for forgiveness.
D. A lie you wish you could take back.
E. Moment in your life that you felt most loved.
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Title
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20. 20
Narrative Essay
Writing
5- Exceptional 4-Skilled 3-Proficient 2- Developing
EXPOSITION The text creatively
engages the reader
by setting out a
well-developed
conflict, situation
or observation and
its significance.
The text engages and
orients the reader by
setting out a conflict,
situation, or
observation and its
significance.
The text orients the
reader by setting
out a conflict,
situation, or
observation and its
significance.
The text provides a
setting with a vague
conflict, situation,
or observation with
an unclear point of
view.
NARRATIVE
TECHNIQUES
and
DEVELOPMENT
The text
demonstrates
sophisticated
narrative
techniques.
The text
demonstrates
deliberate use of
narrative
techniques.
The text uses
narrative
techniques, such as
description,
reflection to show
events and/or
experiences
The text uses some
narrative
techniques such as
description and
merely retells
events and/or
experiences
ORGANIZATION
and COHESION
The text creates a
seamless
progression of
experiences or
events using
multiple
techniques.
The text creates a
smooth progression
of experiences or
events using variety
of techniques
The text creates a
logical progression
of experiences or
events using some
techniques
The text creates a
sequence or
progression of
experiences or
events.
STYLE and
CONVENTIONS
The text uses
eloquent words and
phrases, showing
details and rich
sensory language
and mood to convey
a realistic picture of
the experiences,
events, setting,
and/or characters.
The text uses precise
words and phrases,
showing details and
controlled sensory
language and mood
to convey a realistic
picture of the
experiences, events,
setting, and/or
characters.
The text uses words
and phrases, telling
details and sensory
language to convey
a vivid picture of the
experiences, events
setting, and/or
characters.
The text uses words
and phrases, telling
details to convey
experiences, events,
settings, and/or
characters.
CONCLUSION The text moves to a
conclusion that
artfully follows from
and thoughtfully
reflects on what is
experienced,
observed or
resolved over the
course of the
narrative.
The text builds to a
conclusion that
logically follows from
and reflects on what
is experienced,
observed or resolved
over the course of
the narrative.
The text provides a
conclusion that
follows from and
reflects on what is
experienced,
observed or resolved
over the course of
the narrative.
The text provides a
conclusion that
follows from what is
experienced,
observed or
resolved over the
course of the
narrative.
TITLE Title is creative,
sparks interest and
is related to the
story and topic.
Title is related to the
story and topic.
Title is present, but
does not appear to
be related to the
story and topic.
No title

21. 21
Assessment
Hooray! You made it this far. In this part, let us evaluate what you have
learned in our lesson.
A. Multiple Choice
Direction: Write the letter of your answer on the space provided before the number.
__________1. Which element of Creative Nonfiction is defined as the logical
arrangement of events?
a. plot
b. dialogue
c. characters
d. atmosphere
__________2. Which literary device in Creative Nonfiction avoids or twists the
chronological arrangement of events?
a. backstory
b. flashback
c. symbolism
d. foreshadowing
__________3. Which is TRUE about setting as an element in Creative Nonfiction?
a. Setting is not applicable.
b. The setting is usually imaginary.
c. The setting is based on a real world.
d. The setting is always at the narrator’s home.
__________4. Which element is used to identify from whose angle the story is being
told?
a. scene
b. dialogue
c. perspective
d. point of view
__________5. Which element refers to the verbal exchange between characters?
a. scene
b. dialogue
c. perspective
d. point of view
__________6. Which of the given expressions exhibit alliteration?
a. Men sell the wedding bells.
b. A big bully beats a baby boy.
c. Rose drank the oh so cold soda
d. The Wright brothers made the right decision.
__________7. Which of the given expressions exhibit personification?
a. Perennial plants live through the years.
b. The flowers smell like the hair of a mother.
c. The flowers bowed their heads in the wind.
d. The leaves of deciduous trees fall during autumn.

22. 22
__________8. Which of the given expressions exhibit hyperbole?
a. The sun is the center of the universe
b. There are billions of stars in the universe.
c. I’ll give you the sun, the moon, and the stars.
d. The sun, the moon, and the stars are celestial bodies.
__________9. Which of the given expressions exhibit metaphor?
a. My brother was boiling mad.
b. My mom is pretty like a flower.
c. This bread is as hard as a rock.
d. That cheese pizza is calling my name!
__________10. Which of the statements below can be qualified as a sentence that
uses tactile imagery?
a. They can also hear the giggling of the green sea turtle in the pastel
painting hanging on the wall.
b. In the dry heat of summer, bursts of colors from the bougainvillea
trellis shades a section of the road.
c. Their glow is like a beacon calling you home, promising a blissful
and restful sleep to the tired traveler.
d. I washed the tiredness that clung to my skin like dust, in the
surprisingly warm water from the pool.
__________11. How is literary nonfiction different from fiction?
a. fiction has real-life story components
b. fiction does not have all story elements
c. the story elements are taken from real-life experiences
d. literary nonfiction has characters and plot, but no setting
__________12. Which is a characteristic of all nonfiction?
a. plot
b. facts
c. setting
d. characters
__________13. What point of view is usually used in writing nonfiction text?
a. first
b. third
c. second
d. limited
__________14. What kind of irony is applied when the narrative talks of a scenario
wherein the Government cancelled classes because of the typhoon,
but at the same time it was a holiday?
a. verbal irony
b. dramatic irony
c. cancelled irony
d. situational irony
__________15. A creative nonfiction text uses symbolism to make the narration
interesting. If an author makes use of a rising sun, what could be its
symbolism?
a. a bad luck
b. a new day
c. a bright future
d. an incoming doom

23. 23
Additional Activities
Great job! You are finally done with your Assessment. This time let’s
reinforce your understanding of the lesson by accomplishing the given task
below.
Activity 7. #Hashtag
Direction: Make a short but catchy hashtag about the lesson. Consider your
personal reflections, reactions and learning. You may want to explain your hash tag
in one or two sentences by using metaphors to express your emotions.

24. 24
Answer Key
References
Solmerano, E.T., Ondevilla, M.K., Chancoco, J.J & Palencia, M. (2017). Creative
Nonfiction. Manila: Fastbooks Educational Supply, Inc.
Moratilla, N. C. & Teodoro, J. I. (2016). Creative Nonfiction. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House Inc.
Asayas, B.M (2020). HUMSS 12-Confucius Output in Creative Nonfiction
Online Source
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5c660679dd090a001bb8248e/creative-
nonfiction-elements
https://www.uvm.edu/wid/writingcenter/tutortips/nonfiction.html
https://sirrafcreativenonfiction.wordpress.com/2017/06/24/poetry-and-creative-
nonfictioin/
https://poets.org/poem/if
What
I
Know
1.
D
2.
D
3.
B
4.
A
5.
A
6.
D
7.
D
8.
D
9.
D
10.C
11.A
12.B
13.B
14.D
15.D
Assessment
1.
A
2.
B
3.
C
4.
D
5.
B
6.
B
7.
C
8.
C
9.
A
10.
D
11.
C
12.
B
13.
A
14.
D
15.
B

25. 25
DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd
SOCCSKSARGEN with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing
the new normal. Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material
to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY
2020-2021. The process of LR development was observed in the production of
this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments,
and recommendations.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN
Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)
Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph