Dr. Nancy Agnes discusses the importance of reflexivity in qualitative research, emphasizing how researchers' awareness of their biases and subjectivity enhances the credibility, validity, and ethical integrity of the findings. By acknowledging their role and influences, researchers can improve data collection and analysis processes, fostering transparency and trustworthiness. The presentation highlights that reflexivity is crucial for understanding the complexities of human experiences and social phenomena.

1. An Academic presentation by
Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations,
Pubrica
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2. All qualitative research is contextual; it occurs within a specific time
and place between two or more people.
If a researcher clearly describes the intersecting contextual
relationships between the participants and themselves (reflexivity),
it increases the credibility of the findings and deepens our
understanding of the work.

3. The issues surrounding the researchers' reflexivity are many and complex; however, journal
publication space for discussing them may be very limited.
Therefore the researcher is responsible for succinctly and clearly addressing these issues so the
reader can evaluate the research.
Some of the ways that researchers can address reflexivity are discussed.

4. INTRODUCTION
Qualitative research is a research methodological
approach that seeks to understand the complexities of
human experiences, behaviours, and social phenomena.
One crucial element that distinguishes qualitative
research from other research methods is reflexivity.

5. Reflexivity refers to the researcher's awareness and critical
examination of their own role, biases, and subjectivity throughout
the research process.
It recognizes that the researcher is an active participant in
shaping the research and that their perspectives and
background can influence the interpretation of medical data
collection and findings.

6. REFLEXIVITY IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH SERVES SEVERAL
IMPORTANT PURPOSES:
Researchers are not neutral observers but active participants in the research process.
They bring their own backgrounds, experiences, and beliefs to the study, which can shape
their perceptions and interpretations.
Reflexivity prompts researchers to recognize their biases and subjectivity, enabling them to
take a more introspective stance and consider how their perspectives may influence the
experimental research process and outcomes.
Acknowledging the Researcher's Influence:

7. Reflexivity helps ensure the trustworthiness and rigour of qualitative research.
By openly addressing their own positionality, researchers provide transparency about their
potential biases and assumptions.
This transparency allows readers and other researchers to critically evaluate the research
findings and consider the potential impact of the researcher's perspectives on the
interpretation of data.
Reflexivity adds credibility to the research by demonstrating the researcher's commitment to
transparency and intellectual honesty.
Enhancing Validity and Credibility:

8. Reflexivity affects the data collection process in qualitative research.
Reflexive researchers are more likely to engage in active listening, attentive observation, and
probing questioning during interviews, focus groups, or participant observation.
They know how their presence and actions may influence participants' responses and
behaviour.
Reflexivity helps researchers adapt their approach, allowing for more nuanced and
comprehensive data collection.
Improving Data Collection:

9. Reflexivity extends into the qualitative research data analysis phase.
Researchers who engage in reflexive practices are more conscious of their interpretations
and potential biases when coding, categorizing, and analyzing data.
They critically reflect on how their own assumptions and preconceptions may shape their
interpretation of the findings.
Reflexivity prompts researchers to question their own biases and consider alternative
explanations or interpretations, ultimately enhancing the depth and richness of the analysis.
Shaping Data Analysis:

10. Reflexivity supports ethical practices in qualitative systematic review research.
It encourages researchers to reflect on their ethical obligations to participants and consider
potential power imbalances.
By critically examining their role and position, researchers can be more attuned to
representation, confidentiality, and participant well-being issues.
Reflexivity helps ensure that the research process respects the rights and autonomy of
participants, leading to more ethical and responsible research outcomes.
Fostering Ethical Considerations:

11. In conclusion, reflexivity is an essential component of qualitative research methodology.
It recognizes the dynamic relationship between the researcher and the researched and
acknowledges the researcher's subjectivity and influence.
By engaging in reflexive practices, researchers enhance their research's validity, credibility,
and ethical integrity.
Reflexivity prompts critical self-reflection, enabling researchers to navigate their biases and
assumptions, Pubrica enriching the data collection and analysis process, and ultimately
contributing to a more robust and nuanced understanding of the researched phenomena.
CONCLUSION:

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