4. MAIN HEADLINES
- TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
- AIM OF USE
- TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING
- ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
- ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
5. MAIN HEADLINES
- TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
- AIM OF USE
- TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING
- ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
- ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
6. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
• Technical drawing is a reproduction tool of a documenting
an architecture or an engineering design.
• Introduced in the 18th century using a contact print
process on light-sensitive blue sheets.
• In the early 1940s this design is changed to be blue lines
on a white background which called blue-lines.
• Now, drawing are replaced by whiteprints to reduce the
time, cost and increase accuracy.
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
7. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Drawing Evolution
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
8. MAIN HEADLINES
- TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
- AIM OF USE
- TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING
- ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
- ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
9. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Drawings are used to convey the information about a
specific equipment like:
- Layout and Dimensions
- Location
- Details (assembly – contents – manufacture date…etc)
- Electrical Wiring
AIM OF USEINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
Language for
COMMUNICATION !!
10. MAIN HEADLINES
- TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
- AIM OF USE
- TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING
- ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
- ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
11. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING
• Electrical
• Mechanical
• Civil
• Architectural
• Piping / Plumbing
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
12. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
Civil Drawing
13. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
Architecture Drawing
14. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
Piping Drawing
Do We’ve this type
In ABB ?!
Do We’ve this type
In ABB ?!
15. MAIN HEADLINES
- TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
- AIM OF USE
- TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING
- ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
- ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
16. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Drawing Size
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
17. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Drawing Scale
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
Types of Drawing Scale
Fraction Inch Decimal Inch SI Metric
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
18. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Drawing Scale
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
19. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
A generic engineering drawing can be divided into the
following six major areas or parts:
1- Title block
2- Grid system
3- Revision block
4- Notes
5- Legends
6- Engineering drawing (graphic portion)
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
20. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
1‐ Title Block
21. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
1‐ Title Block
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
22. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
2‐ Grid System
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
23. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
2‐ Grid System
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
24. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
What Do You Need To Locate Any Point In
A Certain Drawing
ANATOMY OF A DRAWINGINTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
25. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
3‐ Revision Block
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
Difference
??
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
26. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
4‐ Drawing Notes
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
Drawing Notes TypesDrawing Notes Types
For Illustrating For Change
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
27. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
Illustrating Notes
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
28. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
Illustrating Notes
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
29. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Change Notes
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
• There are two common methods of indicating where a
revision has changed a drawing that contains a system
diagram.
• The first is the cloud method, where each change is
enclosed by a hand-drawn cloud shape,
• The second method involves placing a (circle or
triangle or other shape) with the revision number next
to each effected portion of the drawing.
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
30. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
Change Notes
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
31. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
5‐ Drawing Legends
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
• Legends are boxes drawn
on the drawing to illustrate
some of the common or
uncommon symbols used.
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
32. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Lines of Drawing
ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
Center Line
Extension Line
Object Line
Dimension LineHidden Line
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING
33. MAIN HEADLINES
- TECHNICAL DRAWING HISTROY
- AIM OF USE
- TYPES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING
- ANATOMY OF A DRAWING
- ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
34. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
Types of 3D Drawing
One Point Two Point Isometric
35. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
36. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
37. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Definition
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
• A cube shown with this type of
projection pivots 45º to show two faces
on the projection plane instead of a
single face.
• Isometric projection is a pictorial
projection of an object and it is a
single view, in which all the three
dimensions of an object are revealed.
38. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Characteristics
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
All lines parallel to axes
1, 2 and 3 are isometric
lines.
2 3
1
120º
The isometric lines are
angled at 30º.
The lines not parallel to
axes 1, 2 and 3 are
non-isometric lines.
The sides of the cube
and all planes parallel to
them are isometric
planes.
Axes 1, 2 and 3 form
120º angles between
one another.
The projection is isometric
(equal measures) because
the height of axis 1, the
length of axis 2 and the width
of axis 3 are all
proportionally reduced.
39. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
40. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
41. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
42. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
43. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
44. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
45. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
46. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
Let’s do this together …
47. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
Isometric Projection
48. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
Isometric Projection
49. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
Isometric Projection
50. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
Example #1
51. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
Example #2
52. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Example #3
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
53. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
INTRODUCTIONTOTECHNICALDRAWING ISOMETRIC (MECHANICAL) DRAWING
68. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
Single (One) Line Diagram [SLD]
Layout Drawing
Wiring (Connection) Diagram
Schematic Drawing
Block Diagram
Logic Diagram
Interconnection Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
69. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
1. Single Line Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
• Shows the overall connections and interactions
between equipment and relay system components but in
a simplified manner.
• Do not show the exact electrical connections of the
circuits, just a simplified description of the connections
among the different elements.
• Also may called one line diagram that emphasizes the
power system equipment and does cover all details of
system components but not with connection.
70. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWINGREADINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
1. Single Line Diagram
• This diagram shows the
connections among the
different elements in a
substation.
• It is defined by :
– Nº of transformers
– Nº source and feeder
lines
– Buses configuration
– Switching elements
220 kV
L1
EB
L2 L3 L4 T1 T2 T3
MT
10L
- - - EB1
10L
- - - EB2
10L
- - -
50MVA 50MVA 50MVA
PB
71. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
2. Layout Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
• Give all details about
each level in a certain
location with dimensions.
• All directions should be
mentioned (N-S, E-W).
72. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
3. Wiring Diagram
• A wiring diagram is a simplified conventional pictorial
representation of an electrical circuit or component.
• It shows the components of the circuit as simplified
shapes, and the power and signal connections between
the devices in details.
• Usually gives information about the relative position and
arrangement of devices and terminals on the devices, to
help in building or servicing the device.
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
73. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
3. Wiring Diagram
• A wiring diagram is
often used to
troubleshoot problems
and to make sure that
all the connections have
been made and that
everything is present
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
74. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
4. Schematic Diagram
• Schematic diagram shows, by means of graphic symbols,
the electrical connections and functions of a particular
circuit arrangement in details.
• Details will include specific terminal numbers of devices
and test switches to which connections are made.
• It shows the electrical relationship of all the various
components.
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
75. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
5. Logic Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
76. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
5. Logic Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
77. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
5. Logic Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
78. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
5. Logic Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
79. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
6. Block Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
80. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
6. Block Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
81. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
7. Interconnection Diagram
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
82. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL DRAWING
Other Technical Submittals
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
Spare Parts List.
Ladder Diagram
Bill of Material List
General Arrangement.
Electrical Load List.
Electrical ( Test – Study – Calculation - etc) Reports
83. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Now, Time for Practical Drawings
READINGOFELECTRICALDRAWINGS
84. Eng. AHMED M. HEGAB
Nov. 2019
Voltage Levels
• Low voltage : up to 1000 V
• Medium voltage : above 1000 V up to 35 kV
• High voltage : above 35 kV to 230 kV
• Extra high voltage : above 230 kv to 800 kv
• Ultra high voltage : above 800 kv to 1200 Kv
REMEMBER