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Reading and Writting II
- 1. University of theIsthmus Faculty of Social Science Education Degree in Teaching the English Language Teacher Mr Jesús Mejía Reading and Writting II Student Lili Chu Ng 8-816-1996 Final test Wednesday August 19, 2015
- 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction............................................................................ 1 Content ..................................................................................... 2 Conclusion…………………………………………….……... 3 Aplication…………………………………………….….…… 4 Bibliography…………………………………………..……... 5 Annex …………………………………………………..……..6
- 3. INTRODUCTION The English languageas last time beyond its importance was increasing globally . Over the last 10 years the English language was revolutionizing every continent for communication in both school, uviversity , commerce , government, ect . The importance of the English language is recognized as the second most practiced language in the world. However , those who do not understand today takes importance .
- 4. CONTENT THE POPULARITY OFENGLISH IN THE XXI CENTURY Learning and use of English is in vogue. The critical importance of learning in all areas of personal or professional life is mentioned. The different areas where it is commonly used English named. KEYWORDS: Global Language Universal Language, English. The rise of English in this century has been considerable. This is due to the global trends in technology, demographics and economics. Since English is one of the languages most used around the world, often it referred to as the "global language", the "lingua franca" of the modern era. Hundreds of millions of people are learning English, the language of the world for trade, technology and, increasingly, for power. Significantly, there are 3 types of English speakers: those for whom it is their mother tongue, those who speak English as a second language and those who learn it as a foreign language. According to David Crystal (2003), "there had never been a language that is spoken by more people using it as a second language as their mother tongue. The speakers of English as a foreign language and second language outnumber those who speak English as a first language in a ratio of 3 to 1. The British Council declares that even though English is not an official language in many countries, if you have a special status in some 75 countries. It is the language that's being taught as a second language around the world. There are more Chinese children learning English (approximately 100 million) to British people.
- 5. The study ofEnglish , the universal language , has become almost obligatory at university level, and work everywhere in the world. No matter what you want to do or be , the importance of English is essential in any field of personal or professional life : the language used mostly in international business and tourism , and has become the world's preferred second language. It is the tool that allows communication with people from other countries into the globalized world in which we live. In the economic field , industry , business , international trade , the entire production universe is written , spoken and read in English .. In addition, English is the language of telecommunications ( 80% of electronically stored information ) . Of the estimated 40 million users
- 6. What is aGlobal Language? There is no official definition of "global" or "world" language, but it essentially refers to a language that is learned and spoken internationally, and is characterized not only by the number of its native and second language speakers, but also by its geographical distribution, and its use in international organizations and in diplomatic relations. A global language acts as a “lingua franca”, a common language that enables people from diverse backgrounds and ethnicities to communicate on a more or less equitable basis. Historically, the essential factor for the establishment of a global language is that it is spoken by those who wield power. Latin was the lingua franca of its time, although it was only ever a minority language within the Roman Empire as a whole. Crucially, though, it was the language of the powerful leaders and administrators and of the Roman military - and, later, of the ecclesiastical power of the Roman Catholic Church - and this is what drove its rise to (arguably) global language status. Thus, language can be said to have no independent existence of its own, and a particular language only dominates when its speakers dominate (and, by extension, fails when the people who speak it fail). Why is a Global Language Needed?
- 7. It is oftenargued that the modern “global village” needs a “global language”, and that (particularly in a world of modern communications, globalized trade and easy international travel) a single lingua franca has never been more important. With the advent since 1945 of large international bodies such as the United Nations and its various offshoots - the UN now has over 50 different agencies and programs from the World Bank, World Health Organization and UNICEF to more obscure arms like the Universal Postal Union - as well as collective organizations such as the Commonwealth and the European Union, the pressure to establish a worldwide lingua franca has never been greater. As just one example of why a lingua franca is useful, consider that up to one-third of the administration costs of the European Community is taken up by translations into the various member languages. Some have seen a planned or constructed language as a solution to this need. In the short period between 1880 and 1907, no less than 53 such “universal artificial languages” were developed. By 1889, the constructed language Volapük claimed nearly a million adherents, although it is all but unknown to day. Today the best known is Esperanto, a deliberately simplified language, with just 16 rules, no definite articles, no irregular endings and no illogical spellings. A sentence like “It is often argued that the modern world needs a common language with which to communicate” would be rendered in Esperanto as “Oni ofte argumentas ke la moderna mondo bezonas komuna linguon por komunikado”, not difficult to understand for anyone with even a smattering of Romance languages.
- 8. Is a GlobalLanguage Necessarily “A Good Thing”? While its advantages are self-evident, there are some legitimate concerns that a dominant global language could also have some built-in drawbacks. Among these may be the following: There is a risk that the increased adoption of a global language may lead to the weakening and eventually the disappearance of some minority languages (and, ultimately, it is feared, ALL other languages). It is estimated that up to 80% of the world’s 6,000 or so living languages may die out within the next century, and some commentators believe that a too-dominant global language may be a major contributing factor in this trend. However, it seem likely that this is really only a direct threat in areas where the global language is the natural first language (e.g. North America, Australia, Celtic parts of Britain, etc). Conversely, there is also some evidence that the very threat of subjugation by a dominant language can actually galvanize and strengthen movements to support and protect minority languages (e.g. Welsh in Wales, French in Canada).
- 9. Is English aGlobal Language? As can be seen in more detail in the section on English Today, on almost any basis, English is the nearest thing there has ever been to a global language. Its worldwide reach is much greater than anything achieved historically by Latin or French, and there has never been a language as widely spoken as English. Many would reasonably claim that, in the fields of business, academics, science, computing, education, transportation, politics and entertainment, English is already established as the de facto lingua franca. Is English Appropriate for a Global Language? Some have also argued that there are other intrinsic features of the English language that set it apart, and make it an appropriate choice as a global language, and it may be worthwhile investigating some of these claims: The richness and depth of English's vocabulary sets it apart from other languages. The 1989 revised "Oxford English Dictionary" lists 615,000 words in 20 volumes, officially the world’s largest dictionary. If technical and scientific words were to be included, the total would rise to well over a million. By some estimates, the English lexicon is currently increasing by over 8,500 words a year, although other estimates put this as high as 15,000 to 20,000. It is estimated that about 200,000 English words are in common use, as compared to 184,000 in German, and mere 100,000 in French. The
- 10. availability of largenumbers of synonyms allows shades of distinction that are just not available to non-English speakers and, although other languages have books of synonyms, none has anything on quite the scale of "Roget’s Thesaurus". Add to this the wealth of English idioms and phrases, and the available material with which to express meaning is truly prodigious, whether the intention is poetry, business or just everyday conversation. A 2006 report by the British Council suggests that the number of people learning English is likely to continue to increase over the next 10-15 years, peaking at around 2 billion, after which a decline is predicted. Various attempts have been made to develop a simpler "controlled" English language suitable for international usage (e.g. Basic English, Plain English, Globish, International English, Special English, Essential World English, etc). Increasingly, the long-term future of English as a global language probably lies in the hands of Asia, and especially the huge populations of India and China. The challenges of language planning in the XXI century The phenomenon of contact between Spanish and English is not the only observed in united state, a space that brings together speakers of multiple varieties of Spanish previously exposed in turn to process linguistic contact with other varieties or languages It is seen, therefore, that continues the conflict between: - The unifying vision of the Spanish by official institutions and Spanish media and perhaps in another country.
- 11. The origin andhistory of the English language The importance of English in Europe and the rest of the world What's behind the need or urge to learn English in the world? Consider this basic question. English is not the most spoken language in the world considering the number of native speakers -there are many more Chinese speakers to limited English speakers, but the Chinese rarely practiced outside its borders and Chinese communities, therefore English is the most widely used language in the world. It is difficult to estimate exactly how many people speak English, but by some estimates, more than 350,000.000 native English speakers and more than 400 million who speak it as a second language (language used in daily life, though not his tongue breast) or as a foreign language (language studied but not widely used in daily life). However, these figures do not actually indicate the importance of English as a world language because, according to them, less than 15% of the world population uses it. The importance of English lies not only in the number of people who speak it, but in function and in those who use it. English is the main language of information and media in the world. Is the language of business and government even in some countries where it is a minority language (eg in Namibia, only 1% of the population speaks English as a first language, however, is the only official language). It is the language of maritime communication and international air traffic control and is even used in domestic air traffic control in countries whose mother tongue is not English. -mainly Thanks to American popular culture through movies and music-English expands worldwide. It is official or official language in over 45 countries and territories and spoken by many people in other countries where it has no official status (eg the Netherlands, Scandinavia, Israel, etc.). English plays its role in the economic, political and cultural life of the countries listed below. The majority of English-speaking populations are highlighted in bold.
- 12. CONCLUSION Historically, the essentialfactor for the establishment of a global language is that it is spoken by those who wield power. Latin was the lingua franca of its time, although it was only ever a minority language within the Roman Empire as a whole Learning and use of English is in vogue. The critical importance of learning in all areas of personal or professional life is mentioned. The different areas where it is commonly used English named. English is not the most spoken language in the world considering the number of native speakers -there are many more Chinese speakers to limited English speakers, but the Chinese rarely practiced outside its borders and Chinese communities
- 13.
- 14. BIBLIOGRAPHY Google research Carolina QuezadaNarváez (CV) Departamento Universitario de Inglés Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí caroq@uaslp.mx rystal, D. (2003) English as a global language (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press. Power, Carla. (2005). Not the Queen’s English. Newsweek, Mar 7, 2005. http://www.newsweek.com/id/49022 Sifakis, N.C. (2004) Teaching EIL - teaching international or intercultural English? What teachers should know. System 32.2: 237- 50. Grandinetti,Antonella.“Razonesybeneficiosdeaprenderunidioma:¿Porquéyparaqué estudiaridiomas?” Suite101.net.Web.11defeb.2011. Lora,RafaelA.“Aprenderunsegundoidiomaestimulaeldesarrollocerebral.” elMasacre.com. Web.16defeb.2011. Montúfar,Julia.“Laimportanciadehablarotralengua.” EnPlural.Web.16defeb.2011. RAFAEL GARCÍA-ROS (**) FRANCISCO PÉREZ-GONZÁLEZ (**) TOMÁS MARTÍNEZ (") VICENTE ALFONSO (")
- 15. ANNEX 1- Old :That there long . 2- Year: period of twelve months, starting from January 1 to December 31 inclusive. Conquer 3 : Achieving something with great effort, skill and commitment. 4- Chronology: science that seeks to determine the order and dates of historical events . 5- Statement : demonstration or explanation of what another or others doubt or ignore . 6 Duration: something or duration of time between the beginning and end of a process. 7- Writing: System of signs used to write 8- Abroad: What is or comes from another country sovereignty. 9. Independence: Liberty, especially that of a State which is not tax or dependent of another. 10- English: Part of the body where the thigh meets the abdomen. 11- Innovation: Creation or modification of a product, and its introduction in the market. 12. Languages: An oral communication system usually also includes writing, associated with a human community. 13- Freedom: natural faculty that man has to work in one way or another, and not to act, so it is accountable. 14- Modern: Of or pertaining to the time of the speaker or recent times. 15- World: Of or pertaining to everyone. 16- Normandy is said of the Scandinavians since the ninth century made inroads in several countries in Europe and settled in them. 17- Countries: Country, region, province or territory. 18. Race: one of the groups in which some are subdivided biological species and differential characters which are perpetuated by inheritance. 19. Renaissance Era begins in the mid-fifteenth century, when he awoke in the West live enthusiasm for the study of Greek and Latin classical antiquity. 20- Time: Duration of things subject to change.
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