The document summarizes the history and spread of the English language globally. It discusses how English originated as the language of Britain but became a global language due to British colonial expansion and the power of the United States. Today, English is used internationally for business, science, aviation, and by the European Union. While only around 330 million people speak English natively, over a billion use it as a secondary language and it is taught worldwide as a foreign language. The document outlines the "three circles" model of English usage - the inner circle of native English speaking countries, the outer circle of former British colonies where it is widely used, and the expanding circle of countries where it is learned as a foreign language.
World English refers to the English language as a lingua franca used in business, trade, diplomacy and other spheres of global activity, while World Englishes refers to the different varieties of English and English-based creoles developed in different regions of the world, Smith and Forman (1997), and Thumboo (2001b).
World English refers to the English language as a lingua franca used in business, trade, diplomacy and other spheres of global activity, while World Englishes refers to the different varieties of English and English-based creoles developed in different regions of the world, Smith and Forman (1997), and Thumboo (2001b).
Did you ever wondered how English language had only 4 million speakers in the XVI century and now, in the XXI century has more than 2 billion?
And why Spanish, Portuguese or French failed to reach those numbers?
Do you think that Mandarin can be a challenge to the English dominance?
Check it out this presentation and find out
I created this PowerPoint on English as a Global Language during an internship at the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in Seoul, South Korea.
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EILIELTS Council
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
This presentation covers major points about the Categorizing English world. It consists of other sub-points World Englishes, Braj Kachru, Several classifications schemes have been proposed, ENL, EFL, ESL, Developmental stages of English language, Exonormative
Did you ever wondered how English language had only 4 million speakers in the XVI century and now, in the XXI century has more than 2 billion?
And why Spanish, Portuguese or French failed to reach those numbers?
Do you think that Mandarin can be a challenge to the English dominance?
Check it out this presentation and find out
I created this PowerPoint on English as a Global Language during an internship at the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in Seoul, South Korea.
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EILIELTS Council
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
Linguistic imperialism, cultural integrity, and EIL
This presentation covers major points about the Categorizing English world. It consists of other sub-points World Englishes, Braj Kachru, Several classifications schemes have been proposed, ENL, EFL, ESL, Developmental stages of English language, Exonormative
Why english is global language, popular language in the word ,what is language effecter due to any language became a global language and ecomincal power of british
As global communication expands throughout the world, so does the need for a global language. A language that is recognized and understood by people everywhere. In many parts of the world that language has been established, English. In most countries around the globe the English language can be found in some form or another, whether it be an international news broadcast, such as CNN, or a Chicago Bulls tee-shirt. "What centuries of British colonialism and decades of Esperanto couldn’t do, a few years of free trade, MTV, and the Internet has. English dominates international business, politics, and culture more than any other language in human history." (Rohde) For this world to be truly global, there must be some commonality or ease of communication. "If trade and tourism around the world are going to operate and a global economy function and a global culture flourish, a widely shared, reasonably accessible language is requisite."
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Modern Society.pdfssuser3e63fc
Just a game Assignment 3
1. What has made Louis Vuitton's business model successful in the Japanese luxury market?
2. What are the opportunities and challenges for Louis Vuitton in Japan?
3. What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market?
4. How did Louis Vuitton enter into the Japanese market originally? What were the other entry strategies it adopted later to strengthen its presence?
5. Will Louis Vuitton have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges?Assignment 3
1. What has made Louis Vuitton's business model successful in the Japanese luxury market?
2. What are the opportunities and challenges for Louis Vuitton in Japan?
3. What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market?
4. How did Louis Vuitton enter into the Japanese market originally? What were the other entry strategies it adopted later to strengthen its presence?
5. Will Louis Vuitton have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges?Assignment 3
1. What has made Louis Vuitton's business model successful in the Japanese luxury market?
2. What are the opportunities and challenges for Louis Vuitton in Japan?
3. What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market?
4. How did Louis Vuitton enter into the Japanese market originally? What were the other entry strategies it adopted later to strengthen its presence?
5. Will Louis Vuitton have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges?
This comprehensive program covers essential aspects of performance marketing, growth strategies, and tactics, such as search engine optimization (SEO), pay-per-click (PPC) advertising, content marketing, social media marketing, and more
1. History of the English Language
Source: English - One Tongue, Many Voices
Authors: Jan Svartvik, Geoffrey Leech
Jessica Mariani
jessica.mariani@univr.it
3. “English, no longer an English language, now grows from many
roots”
Salman Rushdie
The Times, 3 July 1982
4. The Canadian writer Marshall McLuhan claimed that electronically connected
media would eventually transform the world into a huge
“Global village”
What is Globalization?
It is the process by which the world has become increasingly
interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural
exchange
EFFECTS
Increase in the production of goods and services
The biggest companies are no longer national firms but multinational corporations with
subsidiaries in many countries
Increased international TRADE
Greater dependence on the global economy
Freer movement of capital, goods, and services
5.
6. Language is Global for ONE REASON
ONLY......
???????????
Give it a try
English has become the working tongue of that
Global Village
8. How many languages are spoken today in the
world?
6.800 distinct languages
Just 5 languages are spoken by more than half of the
world's population
CHINESE
ENGLISH
SPANISH
RUSSIAN
HINDI
9. English is nowadays the mother tongue of over 320 million
people
But
What is the most remarkable thing about English?
…..
1) It is used as an additional language by so many more people
all around the world
2) It is the means of international communication
3) It has become big business
4) It is the most taught foreign language in the world
10. Why this huge demand for English?
Maybe...
Hypothesis 1
Is it easier, beautiful or
superior in linguistic qualities?
11.
12. Here are a few reasons..
1. Young people are attracted by things they can do with English,
such as listening to music, watching films and surfing the web
2. Scientists and Academics see English as a necessity for
reaching out colleagues around the globe
3. Tourists consider the English language as the most useful tool to
travel and communicate
4. Air traffic controllers use English to communicate with pilots
5. Business (China, Russia, Saudi Arabia, India)
6. EU working language is English
7. To pursue an international career IN ANY CONTEXT
13. Last but not least..
8. The UNIQUE history of the English
Language
Let's revise it in this 10 minute video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=H3r9bOkYW9s
14. Why is English not the easiest language?
Linguists provided scientific evidence
1. Pronunciation corresponding to Spelling
2. Vocabulary: English word stock is vast
Oxford English Dictionary: 600,000 words
3. Syntax is no less complex than that of other
languages
15. Grammar is less learner-friendly than is
generally assumed
Huddlestone and Pullums
Cambridge Grammar of the English
Language
1.800 pages
Remember: Italian and Spanish, despite
having pure vowel sounds, did not achieve
the status of LINGUA FRANCA
16. English did not become a world language
on its linguistic merits!
So,
WHY ENGLISH?
17. The expansion and influence of British
colonial power
The status of the United States of America
as the leading economy, military and
scientific power in the 20th
century
Increasing need of international
communication as a result of modern
technology
18. The Indian-American scholar Braj Kachru has taught us to
think of English, as used around the world, in the form of three
concentric areas.
19.
20. The Inner Circle
ENGLISH AS A FIRST LANGUAGE
8 countries
US
UK
CANADA
AUSTRALIA
CARIBBEAN
IRELAND
NEW ZEALAND
SOUTH AFRICA
On a population of 447 million, 326 million speak
English as their first language
21. Let's look at them in detail!
UNITED STATES
For 40 million Americans the FIRST language is Spanish
Hispanics have now replaced African Americans as the largest
minority group
Birth of Spanglish as an English variety
Afro-American varieties
215/278 million people speak English as their first language
22. CANADA
It is a BILINGUAL COUNTRY
20/32 million people speak English as their first language
Almost a quarter of the population report French to be their mother
tongue
Native Canadians speak various Indigenous languages
23. IRELAND
Two official languages: ENGLISH
IRISH/GAELIC ( taught in schools)
4/4 million people speak English as their first language
26. SOUTH AFRICA
4/44 million people speak English as their first language
English is the language most commonly used in Parliament and in
higher education istitutes
27. However, what many people find surprising is that neither
in the United States nor in Britain, has English ever been
FORMALLY declared THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE!
Although both of them have fought to impose English for a
long time..
Counter effects for Native Speakers:
General lack of enthusiasm for learning other languages
Do not mingle with other cultures and enjoy it
Counter effects for Non-Native Speakers
English is seen as a threat for their cultural and linguistic
identity
28. The Outer Circle
ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE
English is an official language, widely used
in administration, education and the media
Mainly former British colonies:
AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania
ASIA: India, Pakistan, Malaysia, Singapore
29.
30.
31. INDIA
Among the leading English-using nations in the
world
More than a BILLION inhabitants and
200 languages
200 million people use English as a second
language
Indian English in used by BBC too!
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02mdwbn
32. The Expanding Circle
ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Is this expansion of English going to reach a
SATURATION POINT?
Are we moving towards an “EXPANDED
CIRCLE”?
33.
34. To overcome the confusion of tongues
people have tried in the past to make up
ARTIFICIAL INTERNATIONAL
LANGUAGES
Esperanto
Ido
Volapuk
Novial
Interglossa
Interlingua
Esperanto was the most successful attempt
but
Artificial languages have met with little success
35. Conclusive remarks
Globalization has fostered our need to have a world
language
Non-native speakers of English in the world now
outnumber native speakers
The future of English will be more determined by the
majority of its users, those in the Outer Circle and the
Expanding/-ed Circle
36. Further reading:
“English as Global Language” - David Crystal
David Crystal Talk at the British Council
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=5Kvs8SxN8mc
