The document discusses the significance of English as a global language, highlighting its historical evolution from Old English to Late Modern English and the reasons behind its global prominence, including economic and military power. It emphasizes the necessity of a common language for international communication and collaboration in various fields. Additionally, it outlines the importance of proficiency in the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

1. Why English is
globel
language,History
and skill.

2. Hello!
2
Name Roll No.
Shahid usman 20021508-002
Muhammad Ali 20021508-031
Hamza 20021508-021
Asma abbas 20021508-003
Neha bajwa 20021508-015
Asad Raza 20021508-029
Asad 20021508-028
Group E

3. What is language
￮ Language is the primary medium of
human social interaction, and interaction
is the means through which social
relations are constructed and
maintained. It means that every people
needs and uses language as a means to
communicate to each other. People need
language to express their needs in many
aspects of life. So, as the community of
the world, people need language to be
used as a means of global
communication.
￮ In this sense, our group will present
the topic about English as an a
Global language. 3

4. Definition of
global language
￮ Smith (1976) defines an global
language as the language
which is used by people of
different nations to
communicate with one another.
4

5. Total language in
the world
￮ Well, 6,500
languages are
spoken in the world
today. Each and
every one of them
make the world a
beautiful place.
5

6. 6

7. Why we need a
global language
￮ There are some reasons such as:
• United Nation and many International bodies
such as World bank were established. Around 190
countries take part in UN bodies and will be
represented in single meeting places.
• As global community, people around the world
will always keep in contact in international
forums for political, economical, educational, and
many other international affairs, and even in
private businesses. 7

8. ￮ These reasons determine
that every people in this
world need a language
which can be used
globally or internationally
as medium of
communication to enable
them to communicate
and understand each
other easily.
8

9. Historical
veiw of
English
9
Brief history
of english
Old
English
Early
Modren
english
Middle
english
Late
Modren
english

10. Old English (450-1100 AD)
￮ The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar
languages, which in Britain developed into
what we now call Old English. Old English did
not sound or look like English today. Native
English speakers now would have great
difficulty understanding Old English.
Nevertheless, about half of the most
commonly used words in Modern English have
Old English roots. The words be, strong and
water, for example, derive from Old English.
Old English was spoken until around 1100. 10

11. Middle English (1100-1500)
￮ In 1066, William the Conqueror the Duke of
Normandy (part of modern France), invaded and
conquered England. The new conquerors (called
the Normans) brought with them a kind of
French, which became the language of the Royal
Court, and the ruling and business classes. For a
period there was a kind of linguistic class
division, where the lower classes spoke English
and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th
century English became dominant in Britain
again, but with many French words added. This
language is called Middle English. It was the
language of the great poet Chaucer (c1340-
1400), but it would still be difficult for native
English speakers to understand today. 11

12. Early Modern English (1500-1800)
￮ Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden and
distinct change in pronunciation (the Great
Vowel Shift) started, with vowels being
pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th
century the British had contact with many
peoples from around the world. This, and the
Renaissance of Classical learning, meant that
many new words and phrases entered the
language. The invention of printing also meant
that there was now a common language in
print. Books became cheaper and more people
learned to read. Printing also brought
standardization to English. Spelling and
grammar became fixed, and the dialect of
London, where most publishing houses were,
became the standard. In 1604 the first English
dictionary was published.
12

13. Late Modern English (1800-Present)
￮ The main difference between Early
Modern English and Late Modern
English is vocabulary. Late Modern
English has many more words,
arising from two principal factors:
firstly, the Industrial Revolution and
technology created a need for new
words; secondly, the British Empire
at its height covered one quarter of
the earth's surface, and the English
language adopted foreign words
from many countries.
13

14. Why English became a
global language
￮ The reason why a language becomes a
Global Language is not only deals with
how many people speak it, but more
deals with who those speakers are. A
language has traditionally become an
global language for one chief reason:
“the power of its people” in many
aspects ( economical, technological,
political, and military power).
14

15. Economical and military power
From the time the US entered the First World War in 1917
right through to the present, the US has been one of the
major military powers in the world. The economic and
military has forced the traders and soldiers had to learn
English to do their job properly. Because industry,
exploration and military demands needed and
contributed to learning, so, a lot of scientific discourse
carried out primarily in English. The combination of
industry, trade, war, and learning all of which use
English has put English in its position as the world’s pre-
eminent language.
15

16. leading colonial nation(Britain)
￮ Similarly, Crystal as cited by McKay also concluded
the primary reason for the spread of English
becoming an international language that: “in the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries English was
the language of the leading colonial nation –
(Britain). In the eighteenth and the nineteenth
centuries it was the language of the leader of the
industrial revolution – also in Britain. In the late-
nineteenth century and the early twentieth century
it was the language of the leading economic power
– the (USA). As a result, when new technologies
brought new linguistic opportunities, English
emerged as a first-rank language in industries
which affected all aspects of society – the press,
advertising, broadcasting, motion pictures, sound
recording, transport and communication (Crystal
1997:110-11 in McKay, 2002:16).
16

17. Importance
of English
language

18. Importance in
education
￮ English is also essential to the field
of education. In many countries,
children are taught and
encouraged to learn English as a
second language. Even in countries
where it is not an official language.
At the university level, students in
many countries study almost all
their subjects in English in order to
make the material more accessible
to international students. 18

19. In Internet and press
￮ On the Internet, the majority of websites are
written and created in English. Even sites in
other languages often give you the option to
translate the site. It's the primary language
of the press: more newspapers and books
are written in English than in any other
language, and no matter where in the world
you are, you will find some of these books
and newspapers available. In fact, because
it is so dominant in international
communication, you will find more
information regarding nearly every subject if
you can speak this language.
19

20. travel around the
global
￮ With good understanding and
communication in English, you
can travel around the globe.
Because it is the international
language for foreigners, it's easy
to get assistance and help in
every part of world. You can test it
by online travel. Any travel
booking site you can find will
have English as a booking option. 20

21. Four
language
skill of
English

22. Four
language
skill of
english
22
Language
skill
Listing
Speaking
Reading
Writing

23. Listening
￮ When do we listen?
￮ • Every-day life
￮ • Lectures, group discussions
￮ • Brainstorming, presentations
￮ • Question & Answer
￮ • Instructions
23

24. Importance of
listing
￮ Importance
￮ • Improves speaking and
pronunciation
￮ • Develops inter-personal skills
￮ • Receptive skill that needs active
participation
24

25. Speaking
￮ When do we Speak ?
￮ • Class group discussions
￮ • Group task work
￮ • Seminars, presentations
￮ • Q & A in lectures
￮ • One-to-one sessions (personal
tutor, doctor, employer etc.) SPE
25

26. Importance of
Speaking
￮ Importance
￮ • Most obvious skill
￮ • Most interactive skill
￮ • Develops understanding
through communication
￮ • Develops inter-personal skills
(team working)
￮ • Used in assessment SPEAKI 26

27. Reading
￮ When do we read?
￮ • Lectures, presentations, tutorials
￮ • Coursework, research, internet
￮ • Blackboard, course documents
￮ • Work & home (social sight
reading)
27

28. Importance of
Reading
￮ Importance
￮ • Informs writing and writing style
￮ • Develops knowledge of
language structure
￮ • Develops vocabulary (specific
vocab. for subject)
￮ • Register and purpose
28

29. Writing
￮ When do we write ?
￮ • Coursework
￮ • Exams
￮ • Lectures
￮ • Tutorials
￮ • Group work
￮ • Presentations
29

30. Importance of
Writing
￮ Importance
￮ • Main method of assessment
￮ • Strict methods and conventions in
academic writing
￮ • Various formats/styles/functions
depending on subject area
￮ • Essential skill for exams
￮ • Errors more obvious
30

31. 31
Thanks!
Any questions?
I hope you learn a lote.