3. Introduction
A international (global) language is one that holds a special
position recognized worldwide. This status is not just about
having a lot of native speakers but involves being widely used
and acknowledged across different countries.
Presentation by Annisa Atika
4. To become a global language, two main
things can happen:
Official Language:
A language can be chosen as
the official language of a
country, used in government,
law, media, and education.
English is a good example,
having official status in over
70 countries, including Ghana,
Nigeria, India, Singapore, and
Vanuatu.
Priority in Education:
A language can be prioritized in a
country's foreign-language
teaching, even without official
status. This means it's the language
children are most likely to learn in
school. English is a prime example
again, being taught as a foreign
language in over 100 countries,
such as China, Russia, Germany,
Spain, Egypt, and Brazil.
1 2
5. Presentation by
A language becomes a global language not just
because a lot of people speak it, but because of the
power and influence of its speakers. For example, Latin
became international during the Roman Empire
because of the Romans' dominance, and later, it stayed
important due to the influence of Roman Catholicism.
What makes a global
language?
SOCIOLINGUISTICS
6. Why do we need a
global language?
01
02
03
A global language is essential for effective communication
between people from different countries, especially in areas
such as politics, business, and academia
communities with linguistic diversity have often adopted a "lingua
franca" or common language. This language could be chosen
based on the power of a dominant group or accepted from outside
due to political or economic influence
With the rise of international organizations like the
United Nations and increased global interactions in
academia and business, there's a growing need for a
single global language
Communication Across Borders
Historical Solutions - Lingua Franca
Modern Need for Efficiency
7. Why is English the global
language
English started spreading globally from
northern Europe in the fifth century,
moving through the British Isles,
Scotland, and Ireland.
In the 1800s, English expanded during
colonial times, and in the mid-1900s,
many newly independent countries
adopted it, making English a language
represented worldwide.
English is crucial in global aspects of life
like politics, business, safety,
communication, entertainment, and
education.
Its role as a convenient global language,
especially seen in industries like
computer software, makes it essential
for millions worldwide for their everyday
lives and work.
Historical Global
Expansion
Socio-Cultural Influence
and Dependence
8. Vernacular Languages
VS
Standard Languages
It’s refer to a language which has not
standardized and uncodified which does
not have official status. (e.g. Buang in
Papua New Guinea, Hindustani in India
and Bumbar in Vanuatu.
In a multilingual speech communication,
the many different ethnic or tribal
language used by different groups are as
Vernacular Language.
Communication in the home and friends,
use for everday interaction.
Standard variety which is written, and has
undergone some degree of standardized
and codification (e.g. in a grammar and a
dictionary)
it is recognised as a prestigious variety or
code by a community
it is used for H functions alongside a diversity
of L varieties
Vernacular
Language
Standard
Language
9. Standard British English
Standard British English used by the English Court and the
influential merchants of London. The area was the largest
proportion of the English population, where the Court was
based, the main universities, Oxford and Cambridge, the East
Midlands was an important agricultural and business area, the
hub of international trade, centre of political, social and
intellectual life in England.
10. Standard British English
Influential and prestigious variety
Codified and stabilized and it served H functions
The language is always a particular dialect which has
The development of standard English illustrates three
essential criteria :
in that it was used for communication at Court,
for literature and for administration.
gained its special position as a result of social, economic
and political influences.
11. World Englishes
Standard English has served as a useful variety for
communication between areas of dialect diversity, not only
within Britain but also in countries where the British have
had a colonial influence. Local varieties of English, with
distinctive linguistic features, have developed in many
multilingual countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong,
India and many African countries, where English has served as a
valuable language of wider communication in a multilingual
context.
12. World Englishes
For example :
Singapore English expressing global concepts shared across
nations, co-exist alongside more ‘nativised’ varieties of English,
influenced by local languages. Singlish has a frequently
occurring ethnic final tag ‘lah’ , as a distinctive intonation
patterns, grammar and vocabulary. e.g. Chin chye lah means
something like ‘it’s up to you or I don’t mind’.
Indian English has a very distinctive stress pattern, an end-tag
kya means ‘right?’ In World Englishes use just one invariant tag
form: e.g. he is going there isn’t it?
13. Monolingual English speakers
English is a foreign language as
for trade or access to higher education
Multilingual community as
English is their second language
Globalisation means there are now
many more speakers of English in the
outer and expanding
circles than in the inner circle
14. It describes a language serving as a regular means of communication
between different linguistic groups in a multilingual speech community.
What is Lingua Franca ?
15. English as a Lingua Franca
Because English has been adopted as the world's lingua
franca for communication in global language of the internet,
Hollywood, video games, international trade, air-traffic
control, social media, academia, education, tourism and
politics. It implications for linguistic diversity and cultural
influence.
