RBC, Hemolytic Anemia

1. Anemia
● Anemia is a reduction in the
total circulating red blood cells
(RBC) mass below normal
limits, due to reduced oxygen
carrying capacity and tissue
hypoxia.
● It is diagnosed based on
decrease in RBC count, Hct, Hb
concentration in the blood.
● Hb <13.5g/dl in males
● Hb <12.5g/dl in females

2. Hemolysis : premature RBC destruction.
Extravascular
hemolysis
Intravascular
hemolysis
-Major mechanism
-Macrophage mediated
-Spleen,liver,bone marrow
-Minor mechanism
-In blood vessels
-trauma,injury,infection
Rbc phagocytosis → Heme + Globin
Iron
stores
Bilirubin
Unconjugated bilirubin
Albumin
Conjugated bilirubin (liver)
Rbc lysis → Haptoglobin + free Hb
in plasma in plasma
Cleared
via kidney
-Anemia
-Jaundice
-Hyperbilirubinemia
-Splenomegaly
-Hepatomegaly
-Anemia
-Jaundice (mild)
-Hemoglobinemia
-Hemoglobinuria
-Hemosiderinuria
-↓ Haptoglobin