The document discusses ransomware, which is malware that encrypts a victim's files and demands payment to decrypt them. It notes that ransomware usually infects organizations but can target individuals as well. The document provides information on how ransomware attacks work, emphasizing the importance of backups. It offers basic protection tips like patching and updating and advanced tips such as disabling remote desktop and firewall settings. While paying ransom is not recommended, some critical systems may do so if infected to ensure operations.