The document discusses cyber extortion, specifically ransomware, which is a form of malware that locks users out of their systems and demands a ransom for access. It outlines the history, types, famous examples of ransomware like Cryptolocker, and prevention strategies for individuals and businesses. The document emphasizes the importance of updating software and exercising caution to mitigate the risks of cyber extortion attacks.

2. Contents
• What is Cyber Extortion
• Definition of Ransomware
• History
• Types of Ransomware
• Famous Ransomwares
• How it works?
• How to avoid Ransomware
• Removal of malwares from PC
• TOX
• Conclusion
• References

3. CYBER EXTORTION
• Cyber extortion is an online crime involving an
attack or threat of attack against an
enterprise, coupled with a demand for money
to stop the attack.
• Cyber extortions have taken on multiple forms
- encrypting data and holding it hostage,
stealing data and threatening exposure, and
denying access to data.

4. Continue…
CYBER EXTORTION
RANSOMWARE DOS ATTACK

5. RANSOMWARE
–
YOUR MONEY OR YOUR DATA

6. RANSOMWARE DEFINED…
 Malware locks out the user’s system and demands
ransom.
 Creates “Zombie Computer” operated remotely.
 Individuals and business targeted.
 This form of extortion works on the assumption that
the data is important enough to the user that they are
willing to pay for recovery.
 There is however no guarantee of actual recovery, even
after payment is made.

7. HISTORY
The first known ransomware was the 1989
"AIDS" trojan (also known as "PC Cyborg")
written by Joseph Popp.

8. TYPES OF RANSOMWARE
 Encryption Ransomware - Locker Virus and
Onion Ransomware
 Locker Ransomware - Reveton

11. FAMOUS RANSOMWARE
 Reveton
 CryptoLocker

12. Reveton
 In 2012, a major ransomware worm known as Reveton
began to spread.
 It is also known as "police trojan".
 Its payload displays a warning from a law enforcement
agency.
 Claiming that the computer had been used for illegal
activities, such as downloading pirated software, promoting
terrorism, copyright etc.
 The warning informs the user that to unlock their system
they would have to pay a fine.
 To increase the illusion that the computer is being tracked
by law enforcement, the screen also displays the
computer's IP address and footage from a computer's
webcam.

13. CryptoLocker
 A Encrypting ransomware reappeared in 2013.
 Distributed either as an attachment to a malicious e-mail.
 Cryptolocker was also propagated using the Gameover
ZeuS.
 Encrypts certain types of files stored on local drives using
RSA public-key cryptography.
 The private key stored only on the malware's control
servers.
 Offers to decrypt the data if a payment is made by a
stated deadline.
 Threatens to delete the private key if the deadline passes.
 It was isolated in May 2014,when a Gameover botnet was
knocked out.

15. Companies affected by Ransomware
And many more….

16. HOW RANSOMWARE WORKS

17. HOW TO PREVENT BEING A VICTIM
 Keep all of the software on your computer up to
date.
 Make sure automatic updating is turned on to get
all the latest Microsoft security updates and
browser-related components (Java, Adobe, and
the like).
 Keep your firewall turned on.
 Don't open spam email messages or click links on
suspicious websites. (CryptoLocker spreads via
.zip files sent as email attachments, for example.)

18. Experts advise taking these steps to avoid attacks or
protect yourself after an attack:
Use reputable antivirus software and a firewall.
Back up often.
Exercise caution.
Disconnect from the Internet.
Alert authorities.
Update your security software.

19. REMOVAL OF MALWARES FROM
WINDOWS PC
Step 1: Enter Safe Mode
Step 2: Delete Temporary Files
Step 3: Download Malware Scanners
Step 4: Run a Scan With Malwarebytes
Step 5: Fix Your Web Browser
Step 6: Recover Your Files If Windows Is Corrupt

22. FEW BEST MALWARE REMOVAL TOOLS
 Spybot Search & Destroy (Windows, Freeware)
 SUPERAntiSpyware (Windows, $30)
 ComboFix (Windows, Freeware)
 Malwarebytes' Anti-Malware (Windows, $25)
 HijackThis (Windows, Freeware)

23. TOX – Free Ransomware Toolkit

24. Continue….
 'Tox' Offers Free build-your-own Ransomware
Malware Toolkit.
 Tox is completely free to use.
 One dark web hacker has released this for anyone
to download and set up their own ransomware
for free.
 Tox, which runs on TOR, requires not much
technical skills to use.
 It is designed in such a way that almost anyone
can easily deploy ransomware in three simple
steps.

25. Make your own Ransomware
Once a user register with the site, follow these
three simple steps to creating your own
malware:
Type a desired ransom amount you want to ask
victims for.
Provide an additional note in the "Cause", the
message that will alert victims that they are
being held hostage to a piece of malware.
Finally, you are prompted to fill out a captcha,
and click "Create".

26. "This process creates an executable of about 2MB that
is disguised as a .scr file.
Then the Tox [users] distribute and install as they see
fit. The Tox site (runs on the TOR network) will track the
installs and profit. To withdraw funds, you need only
supply a receiving Bitcoin address.“
- McAfee explains..

27. CONCLUSION
When it comes to malware attacks, knowledge is
the best possible weapon to prevent them.
Be careful what you click!!
Preventive measures should be taken before
Ransomwares establish strong hold.
Keeping all the software updated and getting
latest security updates might help to prevent the
attacks.

28. REFRENCES
 http://thehackernews.com/2015/05/ransomware-
creator.html
 http://www.spamlaws.com/how-ransomware-
works.html
 http://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/definition
/Ransomware
 https://www.microsoft.com/security/portal/mmpc/share
d/ransomware.aspx
 http://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/cyb
ercrime-and-digital-threats/crypto-ransomware-when-
encryption-breaks-bad

29. THANK YOU
QUERIES ??