The document discusses several insect pests that affect various spice crops. It provides details on the scientific name, order, family, life cycle and management for each pest. Some of the pests described are the banana aphid (Pentalonia nigronervosa) and cardamom thrips (Sciothrips cardamomi) which affect cardamom, the rhizome weevil (Prodioctes haematicus) and whitefly (Kanakarajiella cardamomi) which damage cardamom, and the cotton aphid (Hyadaphis coriandri) which is a pest of coriander. For most pests, the document outlines

1. RANI LAKSHMI BAI CENTRAL
AGRICULTURL UNIVERSITY
Subject- Insect pests of vegetables, ornamental & spices
crops
TOPIC : INSECT PESTS OF SPICES
Submitted to-
Dr. Usha
Dr. Sunder Pal
Submitted by-
RAJAN MAHENDRA
IDNO. – RLBCAU/008/16

2. INSECT PEST OF CARDAMOM
S. NO. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC
NAME
ORDER FAMILY
1 Banana aphid Pentalonia
nigronervosa
Hemiptera Aphididae
2 Cardamom thrips Sciothrips
cardamomi
Thysanoptera Thripidae
3 Cardamom whitefly, Kanakarajiella
cardamomi
Hemiptera Aleyrodidae
4 Rhizome weevil Prodioctes
haematicus
Coleoptera Curculionidae
5 Cardamom hairy
caterpillars
Eupterote
cardamomi
Lepidoptera Bombyridae

3. BANANA APHID
SCIENTIFIC NAME - Pentalonia nigronervosa
ORDER- Hemiptera
FAMILY- Aphididae
D.S. – NYMPH & ADULT
N.O.D.-
 Nymph and adult feed on the sap or suck the sap on the soft portion of the
plant they also acts as a vector of cardamom mosaic( kettle diseases),
Amomum mosaic, foorky diseases of large cardamom.
MANAGEMENT
Spray 875 ml of dimethoate 30 EC in 250 ltr of water/hac at 2 week
Interval.

4. LIFE CYCLE
The reproduction is parthenogenetic
Adult longevity varies from 8-26 days
with an average of 14 days
Each female can lay 8-28 off springs with
an average of 14 per female
Nymphs become mature in 12-15 days
Four nymphal stages.
Several overlapping generations in a year

5. CARDAMOM THRIPS
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Sciothrips cardamomi
ORDER - Thysanoptera
FAMILY- Thripidae
D.S- Nymph and Adult
NATURE OF DAMAGE
 They cause damage by sucking on the cell sap.
 They also feed on tender blossom and bunch pod of
cardamom.
 The attack on the flower stock result in shedding of flower
 The panicle stalk also become stunted and do not bear
flower.

6. LIFE CYCLE
The female lay 5-71 eggs at random on all
the feeding in plant
Young nymph emerge from egg in 9-12
days.
1st two nymph stage are active and grow by
feeding on the plant sap.
Life cycle complete in 25-30 days.
MANAGEMENT
Spray 875 ml dimethoate 30 EC or 1 ltr of phenolphos 25
EC in 250 ltr of water/hac

7. RHIZOME WEEVIL
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Prodioctes haematicus
ORDER- Coleoptera
FAMILY-Curculionidae
D.S- Grub and adult
NOD-
The severe tunneling and feeding by grub inside
the rhizome result in the attack of entire clumps
of cardamom plant

8. LIFE CYCLE
Weevil emerge in large no. in april
Egg laid in cavities made on rhizome.
Grubb come out in 8-10 days and bore into
rhizome
They pupate within the feeding tunnels for
another 3 weeks.
Adult weevil live for 7-8 months.
MANAGEMENT
 Destroy the affected seedling of plant
 If the population of grub more in the soil drench the base of
the clumb with 1.25 ltr of melathione 50EC or 1.25 kg of
carbryl 50 WP in 625ltr of water/hac

9. CARDAMOM WHITEFLY,
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Kanakarajiella cardamomi
ORDER- Hemiptera
FAMILY- Aleyrodidae
D.S- Nymph and Adult
NATURE OF DAMAGE
Nymph and adult suck the sap from leave cause chlorotic
patches. Heavy infestation cause the development of sooty
mould secrete by the nymph

10. LIFE CYCLE
The adult white fly insert the egg into
tissues by a pedicel.
There are 4 nymphal instars. And the last
bieng pupae.
Life cycle completed in 2-3 weeks.
MANAGEMENT
Spray Acephat 0.075% or neem oil (59%)

11. CARDAMOM HAIRY CATERPILLARS
SCIENTIFIC NAME –Eupterote cardamomi
ORDER- Lepidoptera
FAMILY- Bombyridae
D.S- Caterpillar
NATURE OF DAMAGE -
 Larvae feed on the leave voraciously and defoliate the
cardamom plant causing heavy reduction in the yield.

12. LIFE CYCLE
The female moth lay egg about 400-500
undersurface of the leaves
Each mass contain about 50-160 eggs.
Hatching take place about 15-17 days
It pupate in the soil in a silken coccon at
a depth of 5-8cm for 7-8 months
ADULT MOTH
EGG
CATERPILLAR
PUPAE
MANAGEMENT
Spray 500 ml of melathione 50 EC or 500 g of carbryl
50 WP in 250 ltr of water/hac.

13. LARGE CARDAMOM
GRAPE WINE THRIPS
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus
ORDER- Thysanoptera
FAMILY- Heliothripidae
D.S- Nymph and adult
HOST- LARGE CARDAMOM
NATURE OF DAMAGE -
They feed on the plant by sucking on the soft portion like
leaves, shoot that result ultimately curling up and drop off
the plant.

14. LIFE CYCLE
Adult lay egg on under surface on the leave
Female on average lay 50 eggs with dirty
bean shaped.
Hatch in 3-8 days young nymph develop
and feed undersurface of the leave sucking the
cell sap.
 In 2-5 days change into adults.
Female can reproduce with or without
fertilization
MANAGEMENT
Spary 500 ml of melathione 50 EC in 500 ltr water/hac

15. PEST OF CHILLI
S.NO COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME ORDER FAMILY
1 COTTON WHITE
FLY
Bemescia tabaci Hemiptera Aleyrodidae
2 CHILLI THRIPS Scirtothrips dorsalis Thysanoptera Thripidae
3 WHITE GRUB Holotrichia
consanguinea
Coleoptera Scarbaeidae

16. WHITE GRUB
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Holotrichia consanguinea
ORDER- Coleoptera
FAMILY- Scarbaeidae
D.S- Grub and Adult
HOST- Chilli
NATURE OF DAMAGE-
Grub feed on the root of the plant and adult feed
on the foalige

17. LIFE CYCLE
Adult lay egg dept of 10 cm.
Hatch in 7-10 days and their development
complete in 8-10 weeks.
Full grown larvae migrate into soil for
pupation.
Bettle remain in the soil and come out
forenight for feeding.
MANAGEMENT
Collection and destruction of adult& spary 500g of carbryl
50 WP or 125ml of phenitothian in 250 ltr of water/hac.
Apply 10 kg of forate 10G or 33 kg of carbofuron 3G/ hac in
soil.

18. POLLU BEETLE
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Longitarsus nigripennis
ORDER- Coleoptera
FAMILY- Chrysomelidae
D.S- Grub and adult
“MONOPHAGOUS PEST’
NATURE OF DAMAGE-
 Grub cause damage by boring into th eberries and
rotting the content completely in about 10 days. Each
grub destroy atleast 3-4 berries during larval period
 The attack berries appear dark crumble when pressed
 The grub may also eat into the spikes and cause entire
distil region to dry up.
 Adult feed on the tender leave and make hole in them.
INSECT PEST OF BLACK PEPPER

19. LIFE CYCLE
The adult beetle lays eggs in small shallow depressions made on the
rind of tender pepper berries and lay about 100 eggs
A single grub can destroy 3-4 berries. Hatch in 5-8 days
Fully grown grubs drop to soil, construct oval shaped earthen
cocoons and pupate in them
Total life cycle of the pest is completed in 40-50 days
There are four generation between July and January.
adult emerge after 6-7 days after pupation
Pest is active from July to Jan-Feb but the maximum population
is during November
The high yielding cultivars suffer more heavily.
Tiling the soil at the base of the vine at regular interval can
reduce the population.
Spray 1.5ltr dimethoate 30 EC or 2 ltr of quinolphos 25 EC in
500 ltrof water/ hac at late july and again on early October.
MANAGEMENT
adult

20. PEPPER SHOOT BORER
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Cydia hemidoxa
ORDER- Lepidoptera
FAMILY- Tortricidae
D.S- Caterpillar
HOST- Black Pepper
NATURE OF DAMAGE -
Larvae bore into the terminal shoot and feed them

21. LIFE CYCLE
The larvae of the crimson and yellow
moth bore into tender terminal shoot and
drying.
Its attack is severe during august-
september and the total life cycle takes
about a month
MANAGEMENT
Cut and destroy the infected plant or plant part

22. PEST OF GINGER
S.NO COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME ORDER FAMILY
1 SCALE Aspidiotus hartii Hemiptera Disapididae
2 Castor capsule borer Dichocrocis
punctiferalis
lepidoptera Pyralidae
3 Skipper butterfly Udaspes folus Lepidoptera Hesperidae

23. SCALE
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Aspidiuots hartii
ORDER- Hemiptera
FAMILY- Disapididae
D.S- Nymph and adult
HOST- Ginger
NATURE OF DAMAGE-
They infest the rhizome in large no. These insect
multiplies in large no on stored zinger rhizome
which shrink and dried.
Rhizome in the field are also attack by this scale
the infected plant look pale and dry up.

24. LIFE CYCLE
A female lays about 180 eggs under the scale
which hatch within a day.
Nymph develop about 30 days.
The male form a pupa before emergence as
the winged adult.
The insect multiplies in large no. in stored
ginger.
Rhizome in the attacked by the scale and
infested plant look pale and dry up.
MANAGEMENT
750ml of melathione 50EC and or 500ml dimetheaote
in 500ltr of water/hac.

25. CASTOR CAPSULE BORER
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Dichocrocis punctiferalis
ORDER- Lepidoptera
FAMILY- Pyralidae
D.S- Caterpillar
HOST- Ginger
NATURE OF DAMAGE-
They feed on the foliage plant
They also bore into the arial stem & kill it
Larva
Adult
Damaged leaves and larva presence on the inside
stem

26. LIFE CYCLE
Gravid female lays pale yellowish, oval
flat eggs singly on capsules, inflorescence
(raceme).
Egg 3-4 days
4 instar larvae emerge
Total larval period 13 – 16 days
Pupa 9- 10 days
Total developmental period-
(Egg-Adult) 30 – 35 days
MANAGEMENT
Collect and destroy the infested shoots and capsules
 Spray the crop with carbaryl (0.1%)

27. SKIPPER BUTTERFLY
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Udaspes folus
ORDER- Lepidoptera
FAMILY- Hesperidae
D.S- Caterpillar
HOST- Ginger
NOD-
Larvae feed on the leaves due to the feeding of the larvae
leave roll

28. LIFE CYCLE
The total life cycle was completed in 28 days.
 The mean larval period was 18 days with 5
instars.
There were a pre-pupal stage of one day and
the mean pupal period lasted for 8 days.
 The average adult longevity in the case of
male was 4 days and female 8 days.
 There were several generations in a year.
The butterfly displayed pupal diapause during
winter, i.e. from November-December up to
March.
MANAGEMENT-
Collect and destroy the butterfly with help of aerial net.
Any Spary 500 ml of melathione 50 EC in 500 ltr water/hac

30. PEST OF CORAINDER
COTTON APHID
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Hyadaphis coriandri
ORDER- Hemiptera
FAMILY- Aphididae
D.S- Nymph And Adult
HOST- Corainder
NATURE OF DAMAGE
They infest shoot and inflorensce and suck
the juice of the plant

31. • Host alternating aphid – Overwinters in egg stage on
Lonicera spp. – Moves to Umbelliferae in the spring and
summer
• In the spring, there are parthenogenic females –
Winged and wingless forms
• In the fall, winged males and winged parthenogenic
females are produced
 These winged parthenogenic females produce egg
laying females that will mate with the winged males –
Eggs will overwinter until spring
MANAGEMENT
500 ml of melathione 50EC or 250 ml phosphamidan 100EC in
250 ltr of water/hac or 500gm carbryl 50WP

32. PEST OF CINNAMON
CINNAMON BUTEERFLY
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Chilasia clytia
ORDER- Lepidoptera
FAMILY- Papilionidae
D.S- Caterpillar
HOST - A number of wild species of cinnamon and other forest trees.
NATURE OF DAMAGE -
After hatching young larvae starting feeding on the lamina of the freshly
emerged leaves.
Later instar feed voraciously on the tender leave on the midrib with
portion of wing
In severe cases they completely defoliate the plant that result the
adversely affected the growth of the plant.

33. LIFE CYCLE
Eggs hatch in 3-5 days
The larva moults five times
Larval period is 12-18 days
Pupal period is completed in 11-13
days.
Adults live for 3-5 days
Total life cycle is completed in 24-36
days.
MANAGEMENT
Collect and destroy butterfly .
Any contact insectcides – carbaryl 50WP , fipronil

34. CINNAMON LEAF MINOR
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Phyllocnistis chrysophthalina
ORDER- Lepidoptera
FAMILY- Phyllocnistidae
D.S- Caterpillar
HOST- Cinnamon
NATURE OF DAMAGE -
Larvae make mine in the growing part of the in
severe cases they completely defoliate the plant

35. LIFE CYCLE
Each female deposits about 50-130 eggs,
placing them on the very young leaves and the
youngest twigs
. The emerging larvae enter the leaves and
burrow therein, forming uneven mines , where
pupation takes place.
It have 4 larvae out of these 3 larave feed and
4th is spinning larvae which not feed.
Completing several generations in a year. It has
no diapause.
MANAGEMENT
Infected leave remove and destroy.
Collect the adult and destroy.

36. INSECT PEST OF TURMERIC
COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME ORDER FAMILY
1 SKIPPER
BUTTERFLY
Udaspes folus Lepidoptera Hesperidae
2 CASTOR SHOOT
BORER
Dichocrocis
punctiferalis
Lepidoptera Pyralidae
3 BIHAR HAIRY
CATERPILLAR
Spilarctia obliqua Lepidoptera Arctiidae

37. BIHAR HAIRY CATERPILLAR
SCIENTIFIC NAME- Spilarctia obliqua
ORDER- lepidoptera
FAMILY - Arctiidae
D.S- Caterpillar
HOST- Turmeric
NATURE OF DAMAGE-
Caterpillar eat leaf and soft portion of stem and
branches in severe infestation. They completely
defoliate the plant.

38. LIFE CYCLE
Female lay 410-1240 in clusters on
underside of leaves.
The eggs hatch in 8-13 days
 Larval development is completed in 4-8
weeks
 Passing through seven stages
 Pupal stage last for 1-2 weeks
 Moths live for about a week
 Total life cycle is completed in 6-12
weeks
 3-4 generations in a year.
EGG
LARVAE
PUPAE
ADULT
MANAGEMENT
Young caterpillar can be collect by destroying the infested
crop with melathione 5% @ 250 kg/hac.
Collect and destroy the egg patches before hatching
Spray quinolphos 25EC or spray dichlorophos 76EC in 500ltr
of wtaer/hac