This document provides an overview of railway engineering. It defines railway engineering as dealing with the design, construction, and maintenance of railway tracks. It then discusses the history of railways in India and introduces some key terms like railway track components, gauge, rails, sleepers, ballast, and fasteners. The railway track combines rails, sleepers, ballast, and other components to form the permanent way for train movement. Different types of rails, sleepers, and gauges used in India are also outlined.

1. RAILWAY ENINEERING
 DEFINATION
 HISTOEY OF RAILWAY
 RAILWAY TRACK
 GAUGE
 RAILS
 SLEEPERS
 BALLAST

2. DEFFINATION
 The branch of Civil Engineering which deals with the design, construction and maintenance
of the railway tracks for safe and efficient movements of trains is called Railway Engineering
 Land , water & air have been used by man kind developing the transport modes like Railway,
Highway ,Water way & Airway etc.

3. History of Railways
 1844 :- First proposal for the construction of railways, in India were submitted to East India company
by Mr. R.Macdonald Stephenson.
 •1849 :- The construction of first experimental line of 160 kms from Calcutta to Mirzapur was
undertaken by East India company.
 Railways were first introduced to India in 1853 from Bombay to Thane
 A British engineer, Robert Maitland Brereton, was responsible for the expansion of the railways from 1857
onwards.
 The Allahabad-Jabalpur branch line of the East Indian Railway had been opened in June 1867
 In 1951 the systems were nationalised as one unit, the Indian Railways, becoming one of the largest networks
in the world.

4. RAILWAYS ZONES

5. RAILWAY TRACK / PERMANET WAY
 The combination of rails, fitted on sleepers and resting on ballast & sub grade is called a
permanent way.
RAILSSLEEPER
BALLAST
GAUGE

6. RAILS
 The rolled steel sections laid end to end in two parallel lines over sleepers to form a railway track are
known as RAILS.
 Rails are continuous which carry the axial load.
 They are made of high carbon steel to withstand wear and tear.
Axial load

7. Rail buckling

8. TYPES OF RAILS
 The rails used in the construction of railway track can be divided into the following three types :
 (1) Double Headed Rails (D.H. Rail)
 (2) Flat Footed Rails (F.F. Rail)
 (3) Bull Headed Rails (B.H. Rail)

9. 1. DOUBLE HEADED RAIL :-
 The rails having their head and foot of same dimensions are known as double headed rail (D.H.).
Double headed

10. 2. FLAT FOOTED RAILS :-
 The rail section having their foot rolled to a flat are known as flat footed rails.(F.F.).

11. 3. BULL HEADED RAIL :-
 The rails sections having their head of more dimension then that of their foot are known as bull
headed rails (B.H.).

12. Gauge
 Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a single
railway line.
HEAD
WEB
HEAD
WE
B
SLEEPER
FOOTS
GAUGE

13. Types of gauges in india
 There are following type;
Broad Gauge (B.G) - 1676 mm (1.676m)
Meter Gauge (M.G) - 1000 mm (1m)
Narrow Gauge (N.G) - 762mm (0.762m)
Feeder track gauge(L.G)-610mm (0.610m)

14. .
 Sleepers are members generally laid transverse to the rails, on which the rails are fixed to transfer the loads
from the rails to the ballast and the sub-grade .
 Sleeper are of different materials such as wood ,steel ,cast iron ,R.C.C. ,and pre-stressed concrete.
TYPES OF SLEEPERS
Metal SleepersWooden Sleepers Concrete Sleepers

15. Wooden Sleepers

16. Metal Sleepers

17. Concrete Sleepers

18. Ballast
 Ballast is the granular material packed under and around the sleepers and transfer the loads
from sleepers to ballast . It helps to providing elasticity to the track .
 The loss ballast between the two adjacent sleeper is known as ballast crib.
 the process of filling the ballast around the sleeper is called boxing of ballast.


19. FISH PLATE
Fish plate
In a rail terminology a fish plate splice bar or joint bar is a metal bar that is bolted to the track
the name is derived from a fish a wooden bar with a curved profile use to strengthen a ship a
mast.

20. FASTENERS JOINT
FASTENERS JOINT
Fasteners joint and fixture are used to connect the rail and
sleepers together in their proper position.

21. BEARING PLATE