This document provides guidance on how to read x-rays of various body regions. It discusses the key elements to evaluate when interpreting an x-ray, including the type of x-ray, body region depicted, views shown, relevant bony parts and soft tissues, any abnormalities, and impression. It then provides examples and descriptions of how to read x-rays of the upper limb, lower limb, abdomen/pelvis, thorax, and head/neck.

1. RADIOLOGY -REVISION
Dr.N.Mugunthan,MBBS.,MS.,DNB.,MNAMS.,PhD.,FAIMS.,MRSM.,MBA(Hosp.Adm.)
Professor of Anatomy
SMIMS

2. © Dr.N.Mugunthan

3.  How to read an x-ray
X-rays of
 upper limb
 Lower limb
 Abdomen & pelvis
 Thorax
 Head & neck
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

4. 1. Type of X-ray
Plain x-ray (or) contrast x-
ray
2. Region (in relation to
body parts)
3. Views
AP view (or) LAT.view (or)
oblique view (or) other
views (special views)
4.Side (in relation to body)
Right side (or) left side
5. Bony parts
6. Soft tissue shadows
7. Any Abnormality
(fracture, dislocation,
foreign body, calcification,
osteolytic lesion,
abnormal growth-tumor)
8.Report (impression)
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

5. PLAIN X-RAY CONTRAST X-RAY
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

6. © Dr.N.Mugunthan

7. AP view
Lat.view
Oblique view
Other views
(special views)
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

8. © Dr.N.Mugunthan

9.  Bony parts
 Soft tissue
shadows
 Any Abnormality
(Fracture,
dislocation,
Foreign body,
Calcification,
Osteolytic lesion,
Abnormal
Growth-tumor)
 Report
(impression) © Dr.N.Mugunthan

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11.  Age is important
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

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16. AP VIEW LATERAL VIEW
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

17. AP View
Lateral View
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

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20. Shenton’s
line
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47. MONTEGGIA #
GALEAZZI #
 # proximal 1/3 of
ulna with
 Dislocation of head
of radius
© Dr.N.Mugunthan

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53. 1. Type of X-ray
2. Region
3. Views
4.Side
5. Bony parts
6. Soft tissue shadows
7. Any Abnormality
8.Report
© Dr.N.Mugunthan