Radar uses radio waves to detect distant objects. It was first used in 1904 to detect metallic objects and in 1922 researchers discovered how to determine an object's range and direction using radio reflections. Radar systems work by transmitting radio signals that bounce off objects and return to a receiver antenna. The received signals are then processed and displayed. There are different types of radar including pulse, continuous wave, Doppler, and frequency modulated radar. Radar faces losses from the atmosphere, beam shape, fluctuations, signal processing, and other sources that can impact its effectiveness. However, it also has advantages like penetration ability, flexibility of use, and reliability.

2. Introduction
 Radar = Radio Detection And Ranging
 Operating Frequency
 Use of Radar

3. Background of Radar
 1886 : Hertz showed reflection of radio signal from
solid object
 1904 : First use of radio waves to detect the distant
metallic object
 1922 : Taylor & Leo discovered the determination of
range & bearing

4. Basic Principle of Radar

5. Basic Principle of Radar
 Blocks of Primary Radar System
- Transmitter
- Duplexer
- Receiver
- Radar Antenna
- Indicator

6. Types of Radar
 Pulse Radar
 Continuous-wave Radar
 Doppler Radar
 Frequency Modulated Radar

7. Radar Budget Losses
 Atmospheric Losses
 Beam shape Losses
 Fluctuation Losses
 Signal Processing Losses
 Transmit Line Losses
 Receive Losses

8. Advantages of Radar
 Penetration Capability
 Uses electromagnetic wave
 Less susceptible to weather conditions
 Flexible – can be used in number of ways
 Beam spread can incorporate many targets
 Reliable

9. Disadvantages of Radar
 Time factor
 Wide beam spread
 Larger targets can saturate receiver
 Possibility of falsify readings
 Interference sources

10. Conclusion
 Used in Military purposes
 Used in Aircrafts
 Marine Radars
 Used in port or harbors
 Used in meteorology and geology purposes