Idealism and realism are two opposing philosophical positions. Idealism emphasizes the mind and ideas over the material world, believing that reality is fundamentally mental or spiritual. Realism asserts that there is a real world that exists independently of human ideas or perception. The origins of idealism can be traced back to Plato's theory of forms, while realism developed from Aristotle's view that knowledge comes from sensory experiences of a world made of matter. There are different types of each philosophy, such as absolute vs modern idealism, and humanistic vs social vs sense realism. They also have differing principles - idealism stresses experiences over objects, while realism believes in objectively true realities and sensory experiences as

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"If you cannot do GREAT things, Do that
small things in a GREAT way."

2. Aadhikabi Bhanu Bhakta Campus
vyas-1, Damauli, Tanahun
Name: Rabin Ale
Roll No.: 26
BICTE
1st semester
Proffesor: Bharat Kafle

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ORIGIN02
DEFINATIONS03
TYPES04
05 PRINCIPLES
01CONCEPT

5. Concept of Idealism
and Realism
The term realism comes from
the Latin word "realists" which
mean to be really real. Realism
is the philosophy that assume
that there is real external world
which can be recognized.
Realism is the materialistic
philosophy, which gives more
importance to material world
rather than to the spiritual
world.
“Idealism contends that the material
and physical universe known to science
is an incomplete expression of reality,
that it exists but to sub-serve, and
requires to complement it a higher type
of reality, a spiritual universe.”
“In philosophy, idealism is the group
of metaphysical philosophies which
assert that reality, or reality as humans
can know it, is fundamentally mental,
mentally constructed, or otherwise
immaterial.”
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Aristotle was the student
of Plato "The first
philosopher to develop
the systematic theory of
logic" . He asserted that
ideas can exist without
matter, but matter
cannot exist without
ideas
He argued that
knowledge can be
acquired through
senses because our
world is made of matter
rather than
ideas.
Idealism is derived form
Greek language ‘Ident’. Its
meaning is ‘To see’ which is
related to idea, ideal and
expressed it in ideology. At
the end it is written as
Idealism.
ORIGIN OF IDEALISM AND REALISM
Idealism is born out of
Plato’s “Theory of Ideas”. The
real word “Idealism” is made
from combining two words
“ideal” and “ism” but adding
the letter “l” for better
pronunciation.

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DEFINATIONS
“Idealism emphasizes the
spiritual side of man because to
the idealist, spiritual values are
the most important aspects of
man and life.”-S.V. Henderson.
“Idealism philosophy takes many
and varied forms, but the
postulate underlying all this is that
mind of spirit is the essential world
stuff that the true reality is of a
mental character.”-J.S. Ross.
"The doctrine of realism asserts
that there is a real world
of things behind and
corresponding to the objects of
our perception." - J.S. Ross.
"Realism is the reinforcement of
our acceptance of this world as it
appears to us."- Butter
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02
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IDAEALISM REALISM

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IDEALISM RAEALISM
ABSOLUTE IDEALISM
MODERN IDEALISM
Humanistic Realism
Social Realism
Sense Realism
Neo Realism

9. PRINCIPLES / PHILOSOPHICAL PREMISES
Idealism stresses experiences, thoughts, ideals,
values and personality.
It is the two forms of the whole world.
Ideas and knowledge are more
important than the object.
Man is not creator of reality; human
mind is the creator of reality.
Gives more importance of idea than of
object.
Worldly realities of everyday life are true.
It does not believes in the existence
of any absolute truth.
It accepts only sensory experiences
of the external world as real.
It looks at man like a physical being
controlled by rules and laws.
Real knowledge is obtained by analysis
and experiencing sensations.
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IDEALISM RAEALISM

10. Questions
Define Idealism and realism in your own
view.
Write the difference between idealism and
realism on the basis of its concept , origin ,
types and principles.

11. Thank You
And
Have a Great Day 11