Klingbeil, R., 2017. Wasserressourcen und Wassermanagement in Verbindung zu Sicherheitsfragen in der MENA Region [Water Ressources and Water Management in Relation to Security Questions in the MENA Region]. Presentation at the Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy, Hamburg, 25 Jan 2017.
Klingbeil, R., 2017. Groundwater Management in the MENA Region: Challenges and Opportunities for the Future. Presentation at the WSTA 12th Gulf Water Conference, Bahrain, 28-30 Mar 2017.
Klingbeil., R., 2017. Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa – Challenges and Way Forward. Presentation in the Seminar "International Water Issues", Master Program Hydro Science & Engineering, TU Dresden, 18 Apr 2017.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. Wasser für die MENA Region - Bedeutung von Zusammenarbeit und Netzwerken [Water for the MENA Region - Importance of Cooperation and Networking]. Presentation at Seminar "Preparedness - Prepare Companies for Future Change", VDMA discussion group "Corporate Foresight", Frankfurt, Germany, 12 May 2016.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. Dialogue between Science and Policy: Water in the MENA Region. Presentation at Colloquium of the UFZ IP Water Scarcity, Leipzig, Germany, 20 May 2016.
Klingbeil, R., et al., 2021. Assessing Groundwater Quality: A Global Perspective. Importance, methods and potential data sources. Presentation at the UN Environment World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), 2nd Annual Global Meeting, 27-28 Jan 2021.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. Groundwater for Sustainable Development in the MENA Region. Presentation at the 43rd Congress of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) “Groundwater and society: 60 years of IAH”, Montpellier, France, 25-28 Sep 2016.
Klingbeil, R. 2016. Water Challenges in the Arab Region: How did we get where we are? And where do we go from here? Presentation at the Seminar of the Water Resources Department. AUT, Halat, Lebanon, 19 Jan 2016.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Managed Aquifer Recharge - Aquifer Storage and Recovery: Regional Experiences and Needs for Further Cooperation and Knowledge Exchanges. Presentation at the 41st Congress of the International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH) “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakesh, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2017. Groundwater Management in the MENA Region: Challenges and Opportunities for the Future. Presentation at the WSTA 12th Gulf Water Conference, Bahrain, 28-30 Mar 2017.
Klingbeil., R., 2017. Water Resources in the Middle East and North Africa – Challenges and Way Forward. Presentation in the Seminar "International Water Issues", Master Program Hydro Science & Engineering, TU Dresden, 18 Apr 2017.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. Wasser für die MENA Region - Bedeutung von Zusammenarbeit und Netzwerken [Water for the MENA Region - Importance of Cooperation and Networking]. Presentation at Seminar "Preparedness - Prepare Companies for Future Change", VDMA discussion group "Corporate Foresight", Frankfurt, Germany, 12 May 2016.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. Dialogue between Science and Policy: Water in the MENA Region. Presentation at Colloquium of the UFZ IP Water Scarcity, Leipzig, Germany, 20 May 2016.
Klingbeil, R., et al., 2021. Assessing Groundwater Quality: A Global Perspective. Importance, methods and potential data sources. Presentation at the UN Environment World Water Quality Alliance (WWQA), 2nd Annual Global Meeting, 27-28 Jan 2021.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. Groundwater for Sustainable Development in the MENA Region. Presentation at the 43rd Congress of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) “Groundwater and society: 60 years of IAH”, Montpellier, France, 25-28 Sep 2016.
Klingbeil, R. 2016. Water Challenges in the Arab Region: How did we get where we are? And where do we go from here? Presentation at the Seminar of the Water Resources Department. AUT, Halat, Lebanon, 19 Jan 2016.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Managed Aquifer Recharge - Aquifer Storage and Recovery: Regional Experiences and Needs for Further Cooperation and Knowledge Exchanges. Presentation at the 41st Congress of the International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH) “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakesh, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. No Sustainable Development Without Water: Challenges and Ways Forward for Water Management in the Region. Presentation at International Water Conference 2016 "Water Resource in Arid areas: The Way Forward", Sultan-Qaboos-University, Muscat, Oman, 13-16 March 2016.
Villholth, K., Klingbeil, R., Ruz Vargas, C., et al., 2020. Assessing Groundwater Quality: A Global Perspective. Importance, methods and potential data sources. Presentation at the SADC 3rd Groundwater Conference, 24-26 Nov 2020.
Klingbeil, R., Gröschke, M., 2019. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) in Coastal Aquifers, in Brackish and Saline Groundwater. Presentation at the WSTA 13th Gulf Water Conference, Kuwait, 12-14 Mar 2019.
Klingbeil, R., 2015. Water, Water Scarcity and Sustainable Development. Presentation at UNESCO-RFH Conference “Coping with Water Scarcity”, Beirut, Lebanon, 14-16 Dec 2015.
The presentation is a lecture given at Durham University to the 41st Course on Border & their management. It deals with waters that cross international borders
Presented by IWMI's Alok Sikka at the 3rd International Conference on the Status of Future of the World's Large Rivers, April 18 - 21, 2017, New Dheli, India.
Klingbeil, R., Al-Hamdi, M. & Majdalani, R., 2014. Water and Inter-generational Justice in the Arab Region. Presentation at the Conference on Social Water Studies in the MENA Region: State of the Art and Perspectives, German Jordanian University (GJU), Madaba, Jordan, 28-29 Sep 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Coping with Water Scarcity in Lebanon? Some Suggestions and Approaches Based on Experiences from the Region. Presentation at the 37th Water Sector Coordination Group Meeting, Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW), Beirut, Lebanon, 20 Mar 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Water Within Currently Proposed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Presentation at the Water Science and Technology (WSTA), 11th Gulf Water Conference (GWC), Muscat, Oman, 20-22 Oct 2014.
MSP approaches in the Basque Country (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic) by Kemal Pinarbasi, Marine Spatial Planner, PhD Scholar in AZTI, Spain at the workshop 'Past two years all over the Europe: case studies (part 2)' at the 2nd Baltic Maritime Spatial Planning Forum in Riga, Latvia on 23-24 November 2016 (the final conference of the Baltic SCOPE collaboration).
Video and other presentations - www.balticscope.eu
www.vasab.org
Klingbeil, R., 2014. State of Water, Resources and Use, Trust Building and Dialogues as Basis for Enhancing Cooperation. Presentation at the LAS, AWC, CEDARE, UN ESCWA Workshop “Advancing Hydro-Diplomacy Skills for Shared Water Resources Negotiations”, 3rd Arab Water Forum, Cairo, Egypt, 12 Dec 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2016. No Sustainable Development Without Water: Challenges and Ways Forward for Water Management in the Region. Presentation at International Water Conference 2016 "Water Resource in Arid areas: The Way Forward", Sultan-Qaboos-University, Muscat, Oman, 13-16 March 2016.
Villholth, K., Klingbeil, R., Ruz Vargas, C., et al., 2020. Assessing Groundwater Quality: A Global Perspective. Importance, methods and potential data sources. Presentation at the SADC 3rd Groundwater Conference, 24-26 Nov 2020.
Klingbeil, R., Gröschke, M., 2019. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) in Coastal Aquifers, in Brackish and Saline Groundwater. Presentation at the WSTA 13th Gulf Water Conference, Kuwait, 12-14 Mar 2019.
Klingbeil, R., 2015. Water, Water Scarcity and Sustainable Development. Presentation at UNESCO-RFH Conference “Coping with Water Scarcity”, Beirut, Lebanon, 14-16 Dec 2015.
The presentation is a lecture given at Durham University to the 41st Course on Border & their management. It deals with waters that cross international borders
Presented by IWMI's Alok Sikka at the 3rd International Conference on the Status of Future of the World's Large Rivers, April 18 - 21, 2017, New Dheli, India.
Klingbeil, R., Al-Hamdi, M. & Majdalani, R., 2014. Water and Inter-generational Justice in the Arab Region. Presentation at the Conference on Social Water Studies in the MENA Region: State of the Art and Perspectives, German Jordanian University (GJU), Madaba, Jordan, 28-29 Sep 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Coping with Water Scarcity in Lebanon? Some Suggestions and Approaches Based on Experiences from the Region. Presentation at the 37th Water Sector Coordination Group Meeting, Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW), Beirut, Lebanon, 20 Mar 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Water Within Currently Proposed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Presentation at the Water Science and Technology (WSTA), 11th Gulf Water Conference (GWC), Muscat, Oman, 20-22 Oct 2014.
MSP approaches in the Basque Country (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic) by Kemal Pinarbasi, Marine Spatial Planner, PhD Scholar in AZTI, Spain at the workshop 'Past two years all over the Europe: case studies (part 2)' at the 2nd Baltic Maritime Spatial Planning Forum in Riga, Latvia on 23-24 November 2016 (the final conference of the Baltic SCOPE collaboration).
Video and other presentations - www.balticscope.eu
www.vasab.org
Klingbeil, R., 2014. State of Water, Resources and Use, Trust Building and Dialogues as Basis for Enhancing Cooperation. Presentation at the LAS, AWC, CEDARE, UN ESCWA Workshop “Advancing Hydro-Diplomacy Skills for Shared Water Resources Negotiations”, 3rd Arab Water Forum, Cairo, Egypt, 12 Dec 2014.
Sheep and goat value chains development in Ethiopia: Basic concepts of value ...ILRI
Presented by Getachew Legese (ICARDA) at the Workshop on ICARDA-ILRI Training on Tools for Benchmarking Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 6-9 November 2013
Presentation on groundwater management in Saudi Arabia by Dr. Ali Saad Al-Tokhais at the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013. Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen! 8-10 January 2013.
The Transboundary Waters Program at IWMI - Mark Giordano, International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Leader, Water and Society Theme
Presentation made to the Strategic Foresight Group
IWMI HQ, Battaramulla, 2009
Presentation by Barbara Dal Bo Zanon and Rutger de Graaf on the potential of floating production of energy and food to close carbon and nutrient cycles and achieve more resilience in coastal delta cities. First part of the presentation is based on publication by Dal Bo Zanon et al (2017) in the Journal of Cleaner Production. Second part of the presentation on how we translate our research findings in design concepts and real floating projects such as Floating Pavilion in Rotterdam and the Floating Island Project in French Polynesia.
Karkheh Basin Focal Project: Synthesis of approach, findings and lessons. Poolad Karimi on behalf of the BFP1 team 2nd International Forum on Water & Food Addis Ababa, Ethiopia November 2008
Evaluations of Stream Flow Response to Land use and Land Cover Changes in Wab...IJCMESJOURNAL
Land Use and Land Cover Change (LU/LC) is one of the notable human induced worldwide changes. Hence, understanding the stream flow responses of a watershed to this dynamic change is becoming fundamental for water resources management planning. The study was conducted with the objective to analyses the impact of Land use and Land cover changes on stream flow response of Wabe watershed, in Omo-Gibe basin. Land use and land cover maps were developed using satellite image of Landsat5 TM 1988, Landsat7 ETM+ 2001 and Landsat8 OLI/TIRS 2018 through maximum likelihood algorithm of supervised classification using ERDAS Imagine 2014 and ArcGIS software for satellite image processing and map preparation. A physical based, semi-distributed hydrological model SWAT was used to simulate LU/LC change effects on the stream flow responses of watershed. During the study period the land use and land cover has changed due to natural and anthropogenic activity. The results depicted that there was an incessant expansion of agricultural land, built-up area and forest cover, on the other hand declining of agroforestry; grassland and woodland were happened during from the 1988 to 2018 periods. Due to the occurred LU/LC changes, the mean monthly stream flow were increased by 5.97m3/s for wet season and similarly the dry season flow showed increasing by 0.96m3/s during the study periods from 1988 up to 2018. Generally the result indicated that large changes of the stream flow in the watershed. Hence result notified an urgent intervention, so as to regulate the LU/LC change and to reduce its strong impacts on the stream flow of the Wabe watershed.
The Nile River Basin: Public Participation Challenges and Opportunities (Shad...Iwl Pcu
Presentation Outline of Africa: Population, Natural Environment and Water Resources. Nile River Basin: Features, Challenges and Opportunities. The Big Picture: Multi-tracks Hydro Diplomacy. Public Participation: The Realities on the Ground. Concluding Remarks: Prospects, Potentials and Conclusions.
The Nile River Basin: Public Participation Challenges and Opportunities (Shad...Iwl Pcu
Presentation Outline of Africa: Population, Natural Environment and Water Resources. Nile River Basin: Features, Challenges and Opportunities. The Big Picture: Multi-tracks Hydro Diplomacy. Public Participation: The Realities on the Ground. Concluding Remarks: Prospects, Potentials and Conclusions.
The Nile River Basin: Public Participation Challenges and Opportunities (Shad...Iwl Pcu
Presentation Outline of Africa: Population, Natural Environment and Water Resources. Nile River Basin: Features, Challenges and Opportunities. The Big Picture: Multi-tracks Hydro Diplomacy. Public Participation: The Realities on the Ground. Concluding Remarks: Prospects, Potentials and Conclusions.
Presented by Dr. Karen Villholth of IWMI at the International Forum on Solar Technologies for Small-Scale Agriculture and Water Management on April 13, 2018 at FAO Headquarters in Rome, Italy. The presentation draws on groundwater research done in Africa, including the article "Mapping irrigation potential from renewable groundwater in Africa – a quantitative hydrological approach:" https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/58399
Klingbeil, R., 2007. Water Cooperation in MENA - Status Quo and Perspective. Presentation for BMZ, 22-26 October 2007, ARCA-Net International Workshop 2007, Western Asia and North Africa (WANA), Middle East Region “Water Scarcity in the Middle East - Conflict Potentials and Coping Strategies”, Damascus, Syria.
Public awareness slides taken from my Masters Thesis study at Technical University Munich. The study aims to identify urban water scarcity problems in selected cities and find cost-effective solutions which are easy to implement uptil the year 2050.
Similar to R. Klingbeil, 2017. Water Ressources and Water Management in Relation to Security Questions in the MENA Region (20)
Klingbeil, R. & Buss, S., 2002. Groundwater Protection in the Time of Foot and Mouth Disease. Hydrogeological Risk Assessment at Proposed “Burn and Bury” Sites. Presentation and Abstract, Biannual Meeting of the Fachsektion Hydrogeologie der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft (FH-DGG) [Section Hydrogeology of the German Geological Society], 09-11 May 2002, Greifswald, Germany. In: Schafmeister, M.-T. & Meyer, T. [Editors], Grundwasserressourcen im Spannungsfeld zwischen Erschließung und Naturschutz [Groundwater Resources in the Stress Field Between Exploration and Nature Conservation], Abstracts, Publication of the German Geological Society, 19, p. 44.
Klingbeil, R., Gröschke, M., 2019. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) in Coastal Aquifers, in Brackish and Saline Groundwater. Presentation at the International Symposium on Managed Aquifer Recharge, ISMAR10, Madrid, 20-24 May 2019.
Gröschke, M., Klingbeil., R. & Raat, K., 2018. SUBSOL Potential Cooperation with GCC Countries Oman, Bahrain and UAE. Presentation at Concluding SUBSOL Seminar on Coastal Water Supply and Water Reuse, Brussels, 29 Aug 2018. http://www.subsol.org
Klingbeil, R., 2016. Wasser im Nahen und Mittleren Osten: Verfügbarkeit, Nutzungen, Herausforderungen unter Bezugnahme auf das UN ESCWA BGR Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia [Water in the Near and Middle East: Availability, Uses, Challenges with Reference to the UN ESCWA BGR Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia]. Presentation at Fachgespräch "Wasseressourcen im Nahen Osten" [Expert Discussion "Water Resources in the Middle East"], Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Bonn, Germany, 08 Dec. 2016.
Klingbeil, R., 2015. Governance of Groundwater: Linking Global Processes and Regional Needs. Presentation at IUCN-ROWA Regional Conference “Water and Nature Knowledge Sharing Forum”, Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, 12-14 May 2015.
Klingbeil, R., 2015. AWARENET, the Arab Integrated Water Resources Management Network. Presentation at the regional Training Course on Water Footprint Assessments, Manama, Bahrain, 20-22 Apr 2015.
Klingbeil, R., 2015. Water for Sustainable Development - Water for the Future We Want. Presentation at the SQU-MRMWR-Workshop on Water & Sustainable Development, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman, 18 Mar 2015.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. AWARENET, the Arab Integrated Water Resources Management Network. Presentation at the Water Science and Technology (WSTA), 11th Gulf Water Conference (GWC), Muscat, Oman, 20-22 Oct 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Managed Aquifer Recharge – Aquifer Storage and Recovery: Regional Experiences and Needs for Further Cooperation and Knowledge Exchanges in the Arab Region. Presentation at the Water Science and Technology (WSTA), 11th Gulf Water Conference (GWC), Muscat, Oman, 20-22 Oct 2014.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. The Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia and UN ESCWA Contributions to Improved Transboundary Cooperation on Groundwater and Aquifers. Presentation at the 41st Congress of the International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH) “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakesh, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014.
Momjian, N. & Klingbeil R., 2014. Legal Issues and the ESCWA-BGR Inventory on Shared Water Resources in Western Asia as a Knowledge Base for Transboundary Cooperation. Presentation at UNESCO-IHP, ICARDA, IFAD Workshop "Scaling-up Integrated Natural Resource Management, Furthering Knowledge on Groundwater Resources Management and Strengthening Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in the GEF MENARID Program", 16-18 June 2014, Beirut, Lebanon.
Klingbeil R. & Majdalani, R., 2014. Recent Developments: Groundwater at National Level and Shared Aquifers Between Countries in Middle East and North Africa. Presentation at Meeting of the German Association for Hydrogeology, 28-31 May 2014, Bayreuth, Germany.
Klingbeil, R., 2014. Recent Developments at Global and Regional Level on Shared Groundwater Aquifers with a Focus on Arab Gulf Countries. Presentation at the KISR/ESCWA Workshop on Shared Groundwater Aquifers in GCC Countries, 01 Apr 2014.
More from BGR - Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Germany (15)
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
Russian anarchist and anti-war movement in the third year of full-scale warAntti Rautiainen
Anarchist group ANA Regensburg hosted my online-presentation on 16th of May 2024, in which I discussed tactics of anti-war activism in Russia, and reasons why the anti-war movement has not been able to make an impact to change the course of events yet. Cases of anarchists repressed for anti-war activities are presented, as well as strategies of support for political prisoners, and modest successes in supporting their struggles.
Thumbnail picture is by MediaZona, you may read their report on anti-war arson attacks in Russia here: https://en.zona.media/article/2022/10/13/burn-map
Links:
Autonomous Action
http://Avtonom.org
Anarchist Black Cross Moscow
http://Avtonom.org/abc
Solidarity Zone
https://t.me/solidarity_zone
Memorial
https://memopzk.org/, https://t.me/pzk_memorial
OVD-Info
https://en.ovdinfo.org/antiwar-ovd-info-guide
RosUznik
https://rosuznik.org/
Uznik Online
http://uznikonline.tilda.ws/
Russian Reader
https://therussianreader.com/
ABC Irkutsk
https://abc38.noblogs.org/
Send mail to prisoners from abroad:
http://Prisonmail.online
YouTube: https://youtu.be/c5nSOdU48O8
Spotify: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/libertarianlifecoach/episodes/Russian-anarchist-and-anti-war-movement-in-the-third-year-of-full-scale-war-e2k8ai4
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
R. Klingbeil, 2017. Water Ressources and Water Management in Relation to Security Questions in the MENA Region
1. Wasserressourcen und
Wassermanagement in Verbindung zu
Sicherheitsfragen in der MENA Region
Dr. Ralf Klingbeil
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)
Vortrag im Rahmen des Forschungskolloquiums
Institut für Friedensforschung und Sicherheitspolitik (IFSH),
Universität Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
3. Opening Quotes
“Arabs are already in the heart of the water
catastrophe.”
“Any delay in a serious response to the water
challenge corresponds to mass suicide. The water
apocalypse is knocking on Arab doors, right now.”
Najib Saab, Secretary General
Arab Forum for Environment and Development (AFED)
12 June 2010
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
4. Übersicht
• Viele Dimensionen von Wasser
• Governance - Demographics - Food - Energy - Water - Land
• Regionale Situation: Beispiele
• Wasserressourcen: Verfügbarkeit und Nutzungen
• Wasser und Soziale Gerechtigkeit
• Grenzüberschreitendes Wasser und Kooperation
• Zusammenfassung / Ausblick
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
5. World Economic Forum 2016
Global Risks of Highest Concern
2016
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
WEF,2016.Whatarethetopglobalrisksfor2016?
14Jan2016,http://reports.weforum.org/global-risks-2016.
6. World Economic Forum 2017
Global Risks Landscape 2017:
Impact vs. Likelihood
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
WEF,2017.TheGlobalRisksReport2017.WorldEconomic
ForumGlobalRisksPerceptionSurvey2016.11Jan2017,
https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-risks-report-2017.
7. Global Forum for Food and Agriculture (GFFA), Jan 2017
Schmidt (BMEL): “Food security is not
possible without water!”
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
http://www.bmel.de/EN/Agriculture/Global-Food-Situation-
FAO/_Texte/GFFA-2017.html
BMEL:
„Agriculture is faced with
the task of producing more
food with less water “
GFFA Communiqué:
Four central challenges:
• reducing the risks of
water scarcity,
• curbing water pollution,
• managing surplus water,
and
• safeguarding adequate
access of agriculture to
water.
8. The World Bank
Companies Constraint by Corruption
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
TheWorldBank,2016.EnterpriseSurveys,
www.enterprisesurveys.org.
1 in 3 Companies Constrained by Corruption, MENA: 1 in 2
Percent of firms identifying corruption as a major constraint
Percent of firms expected to give gifts to get a water connection
9. Arab Science and Technology
“Arab world’s path to
progress goes through science”
• R&D as % of GDP
• Egypt: 0.4
South Korea: 4.0
• Researchers per million people
• Arab region: 371
World: 1,081
• Sudan: 19
Bahrain: 50
Oman: 137
…
Egypt: 581
Morocco: 864
Tunisia: 1,394
• Scientific and technical articles:
• Arab region:
1.3% of journal entries published
• Patent applications:
• Arab region: 0.1% at US Patent and
Trademark Office (2013)
• Disconnect between businesses
and R&D community
• Egypt: only 5% of R&D from
private sector
• Gender
• Female university students: > 50%,
Female researchers: only 37% of
researchers
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.thearabweekly.com,04March2016
11. Water and Security: Water Security
Definition
“The capacity of a population
to safeguard sustainable access to
adequate quantities of acceptable quality water
• for sustaining livelihoods, human well-being, and
socio-economic development,
• for ensuring protection against water-borne
pollution and water-related disasters, and
• for preserving ecosystems
in a climate of peace and political stability.”
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
UNWater,2013.WaterSecurity&theGlobalWaterAgenda.
12. Water and Security: Water Security
Definition
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
UNWater,2013.WhatIsWaterSecurity?
14. Regional Water Overview - Water Availability and Demand
MENA - The Many Dimensions of Water
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Governance
Demographics
Food
Water
& Land
Energy
15. Regional Water Overview - Water Availability and Demand
Actual Renewable Freshwater Resources
per Capita by Region
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
FAOAQUASTAT,WB2007
16. Regional Water Overview - Water Availability and Demand
Percent of Total Renewable Water
Resources Withdrawn, by Region
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
FAOAQUASTAT,WB2007
17. Regional Water Overview - Water Availability and Demand
Total Renewable Water per Person
in ESCWA Region
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
ESCWA,2009
Extreme Water Scarcity
Water Scarcity
Water Stress
18. Regional Water Overview - Water Availability and Demand
Total Actual Renewable Water
Resources per Capita in MENA
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
FAOAQUASTAT,WB2007
Water Stress
Water Scarcity
Extreme Water Scarcity
19. Regional Water Overview - Water Availability and Demand
Sources of Water
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
ICBA,Barghouti,2009
20. Access to Water and Sanitation
Inequalities Between Urban and Rural Areas
Inequalities Between Different Countries
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
UNESCWA,2014.SocialJusticeinthePoliciesofArabStates.
0 20 40 60 80 100
Regional
Iraq
Morocco
Somalia
Yemen
Water
Urban
Rural
0 20 40 60 80 100
Regional
Djibouti
Mauretania
Morocco
Somalia
The Sudan
Yemen
Sanitation
Urban
Rural
• Direct negative impacts esp. on women and children;
increasing gender-related social injustice in rural communities
21. Scarcity and Drought - Iraq
Displacement due to Drought
Water Needs 2008 - 2010
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
IOM,July2010
22. Scarcity and Drought - Syria
Scarcity of water and groundwater – or
scarcity of adequate water governance?
Triggers for migration / displacement:
• Drought, physical scarcity,
• Economic scarcity, inappropriate
governance, …
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Left:irinnews.org,2009.Syria’sdrought-affectedprovincesasof
Aug2009,right:Evans,J.P.,2009.21stCenturyClimateChange
intheMiddleEast.
23. Scarcity and Drought - Syria
Scarcity of water and groundwater – or
scarcity of adequate water governance?
Triggers and drivers for migration and displacement:
• Environmental drivers:
Physical water scarcity due to long period of drought, possibly
related to longer term changes of hydrological patters as a result /
impact of climate change
• Economic drivers:
Limited employment opportunities, macro-economic policies, neo-
liberal deregulatory plans, decrease in oil production, i.e. state
revenues, cutting fuel subsidies in May 2008
• Socio-political and demographic drivers:
‘loyalty for patronage’, no real improvement of services, changes in
land ownership regulations, youth buldge, Iraqi refugees, Syrian
returnees from Lebanon
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Voskoboynik,2016.No,ClimateChangedidnot“cause”theSyrian
war.PULSE.
Fröhlich2016.ClimateMigrantsasProtestors?Dispelling
MisconceptionsaboutGlobalEnvironmentalChangeinPre-
RevolutionarySyria.ContemporaryLevant,1,1,38-50.
24. Scarcity and Drought - Lebanon
2014 - One drought comes rarely alone
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
bg:MEW,2014.NationalWaterConservationCampaign,Lebanon,
fg:TuTiempo.net,2016.http://en.tutiempo.net/climate/ws-401000.html..
2003-2004
2007-2008
2013-2014
25. Scarcity and Drought - Lebanon
2014 drought impacted on
groundwater and spring discharges
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Margane,BGR,2014.
26. Water and scarcity in the MENA Region
Three Levels of (Water) Scarcity
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
TheWorldBank,2007.MakingtheMostofScarcity.
27. Water Quality - Gaza / Palestine, Batinah / Oman
Saline Water Intrusion
Sanitation / Agricultural Return Flows
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
PWA,2013andZekri,2015,afterAl-Barwani&Helmi,2006.
28. Agriculture and
Water
• Irrigated agriculture:
Where and for what?
• Economic considerations
• Food losses and wastage
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Inamo,20001.
29. Food and Security: Food Security
Definition
“Food security exists
when all people, at all
times, have physical,
social and economic
access to sufficient, safe
and nutritious food to
meet their dietary needs
and food preferences for
an active and healthy life.”
Four pillars / dimensions
of food security:
• Availability
• Access
• Utilization
• Stability
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
FAO,2009.DeclarationoftheWorldSummitonFoodSecurity(WSFS).
30. Food and Security: Food Security
Food Security Indicators
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
FAO,IFAD,andWFP,2013.TheStateofFoodInsecurityintheWorld.
31. Agriculture Contributions to GDP
GDP Shares in MENA Region
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
ICBA,Barghouti,2009.
32. Water and food in the MENA Region
Irrigated Agriculture, Saudi Arabia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
FAOAQUASTAT,2008.
33. Non-Renewable Groundwater - Food Production
Agricultural Groundwater Use, Saudi Arabia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
1991
2000
2012
34. Non-Renewable Groundwater - Food Production
Wheat Production, Consumption, and Trade,
1983-2019, Saudi Arabia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
GeoEconomica,2011.SaudiArabia’sFood
Diplomacy:SearchingforFertileGround.
35. Non-Renewable Groundwater - Food Production
Accumulated 30 yrs GW Abstractions
1975 - 2004 per Region, Saudi Arabia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
WaterWatch,2006
36. Non-Renewable Groundwater
Challenges with “Sustainable Use”
•Clear
improvement
of human well-
being and
livelihood
•An “exit
strategy” as
the aquifer is
depleted
•Incorporation
of inter-
generational
equity into its
development
•Balance
between short-
term benefits
and long-term
costs
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
After:Foster,S.etal.,2003.UtilizationofNon-Renewable
Groundwater.GW-Mate.
we are here, but
where are we going
next?
37. Water and food
Food Losses - Food Wastage: Water Losses
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
BCFN,2013.FoodWaste:Causes,ImpactsandProposals.
38. Water and food
Food Losses - Food Wastage: Water Losses
Total Water Footprint, GB
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
BCFN,2013.FoodWaste:Causes,ImpactsandProposals.
X million m3
39. Water and food
Food Losses - Food Wastage: Water Losses
MENA Region: Qatar
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
http://thepeninsulaqatar.com/qatar/240072-massive-amount-of-food-wa
Qatar Statistics Authority (QSA):
“(...) more than half of the
municipal waste generated (...)
contains discarded food.”
The Peninsula, 05 Jun 2013
40. Grenzüberschreitende
Wasserressourcen
• Rechtliche Grundlagen
• Wissensbasis
• UN ESCWA – BGR Inventory of Shared
Water Resources in Western Asia (2013)
• Grenzüberschreitende Kooperation
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Inamo,20001.
41. Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers
Legal Instruments: Global and Regional
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
1966 Helsinki
Rules
1997 UN Watercourse
Convention
...
2014 UNWC Entry
into Force
2008 UN GA
Law of TBAs
2011 1st UN
GA Review
2013 2nd UN
GA Review
2016 3rd UN
GA Review
1992 UN ECE
Water Convention
1999 Protocol on
Water and Health
2003 UN ECE
Amendment
1998 SADC Water
Protocol
2000 SADC Revised
Water Protocol
2000 EU
WFD
2006 EU
GW Dir
2010 AMWC Res
for Drafting AWC
Annual AMWC
Reviews
42. Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers
Schematic Diagram of Shared Aquifer
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
RedrawnbyUNESCWA-BGR,2013,
basedonPuriandArnold2002.
43. Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers
Challenges for Cooperation on
Transboundary Water Resources
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Klingbeil&Al-Hamdi,2010.
Historic and Prior Use
Renewable vs. Non-renewable
Groundwater
Differences between Recharge
and Use / Abstraction Areas
Spatial Extent of Surface and
Groundwater Catchments
Aquifer Management Units ≠
Entire Aquifer / Aquifer System
44. Common Basis for Cooperation
Common Language - Common Terminology
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
….
• What is an Aquifer?
• Permeable water-bearing formation
capable of yielding exploitable
quantities of water.
•جوفي خزان
•قابلة بكمية الجوفية للمياه حاوية طبقةلالستثمار.
• Groundwater
• Subsurface water occupying the
saturated area of soils or geological
formations.
•جوفية مياه
•المشبع المنطقة تشغل األرض سطح تحت مياهةمن
الجيولوجية التكوينات أو التربة.
46. Shared Water Resources
Inventory of
Shared Water Resources in Western Asia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Euphrates River – Syrian Arab Republic
The Inventory is…
the first UN-led effort to take
stock of the region’s shared
surface and groundwater
resources in a comprehensive,
systematic and standardized
manner.
Key Themes:
• Hydrology, hydrogeology
• Water resources development
and use
• Agreements and cross-border
management efforts
Objectives:
• Identify and document the state
of shared water resources and
their use
• Improve the knowledge base
and facilitate information
access
• Create awareness and
stimulate informed dialogue
within and between riparian
countries
• Support regional processes
towards improved dialogue and
cooperation over shared water
resources
www.waterinventory.org
47. Shared Water Resources
Inventory of Shared Water Resources in
Western Asia - Overview
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.waterinventory.org
• A total of 22 shared aquifer
systems and 6 shared river basins
were identified.
• 9 chapters on shared surface
waters and 17 chapters on
shared aquifer systems, each
following a standardized
structure and methodology.
• 624 pages of detailed
information with 60 new maps
and over 200 figures, tables and
boxes.
48. Shared Water Resources
Inventory of Shared Water Resources in
Western Asia - Work Process
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.waterinventory.org
49. Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers
Inventory of Shared Water Resources
in Western Asia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.waterinventory.org
50. Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia
Umm er Radhuma - Dammam Aquifer
System (South): Rub’ al Khali
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.waterinventory.org
51. Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia
Saq Ram Aquifer System (West)
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.waterinventory.org
Example:
Saq-Ram Aquifer System (West)
‘Disi’ Aquifer
• approximate exploitability
• groundwater development
52. Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia
Saq Ram Aquifer System (West)
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.waterinventory.org
Example:
Water Use
Remote
Sensing
Studies
Agricultural
Statistics
53. Shared Water Resources
Inventory of
Shared Water Resources in Western Asia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
www.waterinventory.org
54. Shared Water Resources
Inventory of
Shared Water Resources in Western Asia
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
VISIT OUR WEBSITE
www.waterinventory.org
contact:
waterinventory@un.org
United Nations Economic and Social
Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
P.O. Box 11-8575
Beirut, Lebanon
55. Shared Water Resources - Transboundary Cooperation
Track 2 - Research Cooperation:
Kuwait and Neighbours
• Neogene Aquifer System (South-East):
Dibdibba - Kuwait Group, Dibdibba Delta
• Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research
(KISR) research project based on
ESCWA - BGR Inventory
• Activites:
• KISR / ESCWA Workshop Shared Groundwater
Aquifers in GCC Countries, April 2014,
• Support and technical inputs for research
proposal on shared groundwater aquifers
between Kuwait and neighbouring countries,
2014 - 2015,
• Further activities envisaged
• Backstopping and advice through participation
in advisory committee.
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
56. Shared Water Resources - Transboundary Cooperation
Track 1 - Intergov. Cooperation:
Jordan River Basin Dialogue
• 2013 Request from Palestinian Water Authority (PWA)
• Based on ESCWA - BGR Inventory
• UN ESCWA facilitated 1st official Jordan river riparian
dialogue between Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine,
Amman, April 2014
• Addressed themes: Hydrology and hydrogeology, historic
development of water use and options for further
riparian cooperation
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
57. Water, Energy and Food in the MENA Region
Groundwater between
Jordan and Saudi Arabia
Energy for Water:
Saq-Ram Aquifer System
• Exploitable area
• Irrigation areas
• Energy use for
groundwater pumping
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
UNESCWA,2016.
58. Zusammenfassung – Ausblick
• Soziale Gerechtigkeit -
Generationen-übergreifende Gerechtigkeit
• Ökologisch nachhaltige Nutzung
erneuerbarer Wasserressourcen
• Sozio-ökonomische best benefits von
nicht-erneuerbaren Wasserressourcen
• Bessere Sektor-governance – water integrity
• Grenzüberschreitende Kooperation
• Nachhaltigeres Wassermanagement:
Essenzielle Komponente für verbesserte
Entwicklungsperspektiven und mehr Sicherheit
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
59. Closing Quotes
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
“Nobody is qualified to become a statesman
who is entirely ignorant of the problems of wheat.”
Socrates
“There are no water wars because
food wars are not judged to be necessary.”
J.A. Allan, 1981
60. Arab Transformations
Yesterday! – Today. – Tomorrow?
IFSH Forschungskolloquiums,
Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017
Woertz,E.,2013.OilforFood.
61. Wasserressourcen und
Wassermanagement in Verbindung zu
Sicherheitsfragen in der MENA Region
Dr. Ralf Klingbeil
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR)
Vortrag im Rahmen des Forschungskolloquiums
Institut für Friedensforschung und Sicherheitspolitik (IFSH),
Universität Hamburg, 25. Januar 2017