Quantum crypto system
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The document discusses quantum cryptography and the BB84 protocol. It explains that quantum cryptography uses principles of quantum mechanics like the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and photon polarization to securely distribute encryption keys. It then describes how the seminal BB84 protocol works, including how Alice and Bob generate a secret key by Alice sending polarized photons through different bases and them discussing to find the matched bases. The document highlights that quantum cryptography provides information-theoretic security and faster key distribution compared to traditional approaches.
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Quantum Cryptography
The document outlines the basics of quantum cryptography including:
- The need for quantum cryptography due to limitations of classical cryptography in the face of quantum computers.
- The BB84 quantum key distribution protocol which uses photon polarization to randomly generate and distribute encryption keys between two parties in a way that can detect eavesdropping.
- How the BB84 protocol works including key generation and verification steps to detect if the transmitted quantum states were accessed or copied without authorization during transmission.
- Examples of real-world deployments of quantum cryptography networks to securely distribute keys for applications such as voting machines.
Quantum Cryptography - Quantum Coin Tossing
Quantum cryptography uses photons polarized in different quantum states to securely transmit encryption keys. It relies on principles of quantum mechanics rather than computational complexity. The BB84 protocol is an early quantum cryptography method where a sender and receiver use different polarization bases to encode and read bits, allowing them to detect if an eavesdropper has accessed the quantum channel. Quantum coin tossing protocols use polarized photons in superposition states for two parties to randomly generate a shared bit without communicating or trusting a third party. While promising for secure communication, quantum cryptography still faces challenges from practical implementation and transmission over long distances.
Cryptopresentationfinal
The role of quantum cryptography in today's world and how it was used in the 2003 fifa world cup and the advances quantum cryptography is making in providing security and showing that how it is next step in the security world.
Introduction to Quantum Cryptography
Primer presentation on cryptography, quantum mechanics, and applications of quantum computing to cryptology
Janusz Kowalik: quantum cryptography
Dr. Janusz Kowalik gave an IEEE talk on quantum cryptography in Seattle on February 9, 2005. He discussed how quantum cryptography provides unconditional secure key distribution by encoding information in photon polarization and exploiting properties of quantum mechanics. Specifically, any attempt to intercept or measure the photons during transmission would alter them and be detectable. While experimental quantum cryptography has been demonstrated over tens of kilometers using optical fibers, practical applications over longer distances or through wireless transmission still face challenges.
Hacking Quantum Cryptography
Alice and Bob’s quest through the fascinating quantum mechanics world as a way to avoid archvilainess Eve eavesdropping. In 1994, Peter Shor showed that many of the cryptosystems used today can be broken using a quantum computer. This idea will be explained together with a short overview of qubit systems. Next, we will see how quantum computing gives rise to the possibility of quantum key distribution with unparalleled security. We will end with a brief discussion on post-quantum cryptography concepts.
quantumcryptography-180425230158.pdf
Quantum cryptography provides a secure way to exchange encryption keys. It uses principles of quantum mechanics like photon polarization and the uncertainty principle to detect eavesdropping. The most common protocol is BB84, where Alice encodes random bits in one of two polarization bases and sends photons to Bob. Bob measures in a random basis, and they test for errors to check for eavesdropping before using the key. Quantum key distribution exploits these effects to securely generate encryption keys known only to the communicating parties. The no-cloning theorem guarantees privacy by making unauthorized copying of quantum states impossible.
Quantum cryptography
Quantum cryptography provides a secure way to exchange encryption keys. It uses principles of quantum mechanics like photon polarization and the uncertainty principle to detect eavesdropping. The most common protocol is BB84, where Alice encodes random bits in one of four polarization states and Bob measures them randomly. They compare bases to detect errors from eavesdropping. If no errors, the bits form a shared encryption key known only to them. Quantum key distribution exploits these effects to securely generate encryption keys between two parties.
Recommended
Quantum Cryptography
The document outlines the basics of quantum cryptography including:
- The need for quantum cryptography due to limitations of classical cryptography in the face of quantum computers.
- The BB84 quantum key distribution protocol which uses photon polarization to randomly generate and distribute encryption keys between two parties in a way that can detect eavesdropping.
- How the BB84 protocol works including key generation and verification steps to detect if the transmitted quantum states were accessed or copied without authorization during transmission.
- Examples of real-world deployments of quantum cryptography networks to securely distribute keys for applications such as voting machines.
Quantum Cryptography - Quantum Coin Tossing
Quantum cryptography uses photons polarized in different quantum states to securely transmit encryption keys. It relies on principles of quantum mechanics rather than computational complexity. The BB84 protocol is an early quantum cryptography method where a sender and receiver use different polarization bases to encode and read bits, allowing them to detect if an eavesdropper has accessed the quantum channel. Quantum coin tossing protocols use polarized photons in superposition states for two parties to randomly generate a shared bit without communicating or trusting a third party. While promising for secure communication, quantum cryptography still faces challenges from practical implementation and transmission over long distances.
Cryptopresentationfinal
The role of quantum cryptography in today's world and how it was used in the 2003 fifa world cup and the advances quantum cryptography is making in providing security and showing that how it is next step in the security world.
Introduction to Quantum Cryptography
Primer presentation on cryptography, quantum mechanics, and applications of quantum computing to cryptology
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Dr. Janusz Kowalik gave an IEEE talk on quantum cryptography in Seattle on February 9, 2005. He discussed how quantum cryptography provides unconditional secure key distribution by encoding information in photon polarization and exploiting properties of quantum mechanics. Specifically, any attempt to intercept or measure the photons during transmission would alter them and be detectable. While experimental quantum cryptography has been demonstrated over tens of kilometers using optical fibers, practical applications over longer distances or through wireless transmission still face challenges.
Hacking Quantum Cryptography
Alice and Bob’s quest through the fascinating quantum mechanics world as a way to avoid archvilainess Eve eavesdropping. In 1994, Peter Shor showed that many of the cryptosystems used today can be broken using a quantum computer. This idea will be explained together with a short overview of qubit systems. Next, we will see how quantum computing gives rise to the possibility of quantum key distribution with unparalleled security. We will end with a brief discussion on post-quantum cryptography concepts.
quantumcryptography-180425230158.pdf
Quantum cryptography provides a secure way to exchange encryption keys. It uses principles of quantum mechanics like photon polarization and the uncertainty principle to detect eavesdropping. The most common protocol is BB84, where Alice encodes random bits in one of two polarization bases and sends photons to Bob. Bob measures in a random basis, and they test for errors to check for eavesdropping before using the key. Quantum key distribution exploits these effects to securely generate encryption keys known only to the communicating parties. The no-cloning theorem guarantees privacy by making unauthorized copying of quantum states impossible.
Quantum cryptography
Quantum cryptography provides a secure way to exchange encryption keys. It uses principles of quantum mechanics like photon polarization and the uncertainty principle to detect eavesdropping. The most common protocol is BB84, where Alice encodes random bits in one of four polarization states and Bob measures them randomly. They compare bases to detect errors from eavesdropping. If no errors, the bits form a shared encryption key known only to them. Quantum key distribution exploits these effects to securely generate encryption keys between two parties.
Quantum cryptography
This document provides an overview of quantum cryptography. It introduces key concepts like the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, photon polarization, and the need for quantum cryptography due to potential threats from quantum computers. The document describes how quantum key distribution works using protocols like BB84 to generate and test secure encryption keys between two parties by detecting any eavesdropping. It notes that working prototypes have been implemented over fiber optic cables and open air.
Quantum Cryptography/QKD
Quantum Cryptography is the one of the most successul application of quantum computing/information theory.
cryptography is the coding and decoding of secret messages.
Quantum Key Distribution uses the laws of quantum mechanics, we can distribute keys in perfect secrecy.
Quantum cryptography data
This document provides an overview of quantum cryptography, including:
- The BB84 protocol allows Alice and Bob to generate a shared secret key by Alice sending encoded photons and Bob measuring them to discard mismatched results.
- Quantum cryptography derives security from photons being altered when read, preventing interception without detection.
- Milestones include the first bank transfer using quantum cryptography in 2004 and distribution over 148.7 km in 2007.
- Quantum cryptography has applications in secure broadcast, network, banking and email communications.
quantum cryptography introduction for understanding
This document provides an introduction to quantum cryptography and the BB84 protocol. It explains that quantum cryptography can be used to distribute encryption keys with perfect secrecy by exploiting properties of quantum mechanics. The BB84 protocol is described, including how Alice and Bob can detect eavesdropping by Eve during key exchange by comparing measurements of test bits sent in random polarization bases. Current research at Warwick on formally specifying and verifying quantum cryptography protocols is also mentioned.
Quantum cryptography
This document summarizes a seminar on quantum cryptography. It begins with an overview of cryptography and introduces quantum cryptography as a way to securely distribute encryption keys using the laws of quantum mechanics. It then covers the theoretical background of quantum cryptography, including how the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and no-cloning theorem enable secure key exchange. The document outlines the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol and discusses various attacks and vulnerabilities and how they can be addressed. It concludes by discussing the current state and future prospects of quantum cryptography technology.
Introduction to quantum cryptography
Dr. Janusz Kowalik gave a talk on quantum cryptography at IEEE in Seattle on February 9, 2005. He discussed how quantum cryptography provides unconditional secure key distribution by encoding information in photon polarization and transmitting photons between communicating parties. An eavesdropper attempting to intercept and measure the photons would introduce errors detectable by the legitimate communicators. While experimental quantum cryptography systems have been demonstrated over tens of kilometers using optical fibers, practical applications over longer distances still face challenges related to single photon generation and detection and noise interference.
Quantum cryptography
www.lifein01.com - for more info
Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks. The best-known example of quantum cryptography is a quantum key distribution which offers an information-theoretically secure solution to the key exchange problem. The advantage lies in the fact that it allows the completion of various cryptographic tasks that are proven or conjectured to be impossible using only classical communication. It is impossible to copy data encoded in a quantum state.
Shahzad quantum cryptography
This document provides an overview of quantum cryptography. It begins with definitions of cryptography and the history of quantum cryptography. Key concepts of quantum cryptography are then explained, including the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, photon polarization, and qubits. Common quantum cryptography protocols like BB84 and B92 are described. The document also discusses implementing quantum cryptography, advantages like virtually unhackable security, and disadvantages like high costs. In conclusion, quantum cryptography is presented as a promising technique for secure communication based on quantum physics.
Introduction to quantum cryptography Dr. Janusz Kowalik
Dr. Janusz Kowalik gave an IEEE talk on quantum cryptography in Seattle on February 9, 2005. He discussed how quantum cryptography uses photons and their polarization states to securely distribute encryption keys. By measuring photons in different polarization bases, users can detect if an eavesdropper has intercepted the key exchange. Experimental quantum cryptography systems have been demonstrated over distances up to 150 km using optical fibers or satellites. While the technology holds promise for unconditionally secure communication, challenges remain in building practical systems that can distribute keys over very long distances.
B03250609
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
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Quantum cryptography uses principles of quantum mechanics to securely distribute encryption keys. The BB84 protocol is a seminal quantum key distribution protocol that works as follows: Alice sends Bob polarized photons encoded with random key bits and basis choices. Bob measures the photons randomly in different bases. They communicate to discard mismatched bases, leaving a shared raw key. They test for errors from eavesdropping and apply privacy amplification to distill a final secure key. However, quantum cryptography is vulnerable to attacks like the faked-state attack, where an eavesdropper Eve blind's Bob's detectors and forces measurement outcomes to match her own. If successful, Eve can learn almost all the raw key without introducing errors.
Quantum cryptography
This document discusses quantum cryptography and its advantages over traditional cryptography. It begins by defining cryptography as restricting access to transmitted information even if intercepted. Then it explains the key distribution problem in traditional cryptography. Quantum cryptography solves this using photons and their quantum properties. The document outlines how photons can encode information and how their polarization allows secure key distribution between two parties via the BB84 protocol. It discusses current implementations of quantum cryptography over fiber and free space, as well as challenges like noise and distance. In conclusion, quantum cryptography promises virtually unhackable secure communication based on fundamental physics.
Quantum Cryptography
In this ppt, Quantum Cryptography is briefly explained. Also explained briefly about Cryptography. How quantum cryptography works also explained.
quantumcrypto
This document discusses quantum cryptography and its advantages over classical cryptography. It introduces the key distribution problem in classical cryptography. Quantum cryptography uses principles of quantum mechanics like quantum bits that cannot be copied and photon polarization to securely distribute keys. The document describes the BB84 protocol for quantum key distribution where Alice and Bob use different polarization bases to generate a random key and detect eavesdropping. While promising, challenges remain in scaling the technology to longer distances and developing affordable devices.
Quantum Cryptography
This document discusses quantum cryptography and its advantages over traditional public key cryptography. It introduces the basics of quantum cryptography and describes the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol developed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984. This protocol uses principles of quantum mechanics to securely distribute a random secret key between two parties and allows for unconditionally secure communication when combined with one-time pad encryption. The document concludes that quantum cryptography has the potential to revolutionize secure communication by providing physically unhackable security based on the laws of quantum mechanics rather than mathematical algorithms vulnerable to advances in computing.
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A forgotten presentation we did last year.
Just found it thanks to Arinto Murdopo :) http://www.slideshare.net/arinto
A Review on Quantum Cryptography Technology
Nowadays, the information is exchanged among the computer network. These data and information are involved in business, military, academic education, research and etc. which are shared around the world in both private and public network. Since, many categories of data are required restriction on authorization of access, modify, delete and insert, security in communication is increasingly important to the network communication. Currently, computer security applies mathematic theory to computer security for encrypting and decrypting on both sender and receiver. To use security attack with high performance computer (e.g. quantum computer), attacker can find a key and then obtains the data in feasible period. Quantum cryptography is one of the solutions that use property of polarization to ensure that transmitted data is not trapped by eavesdropper. Quantum cryptography is improved significantly in the last decades including the most two dominant protocol BB84 and BB92.
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QUANTUM THREE-PASS PROTOCOL: KEY DISTRIBUTION USING QUANTUM SUPERPOSITION STATES
This letter proposes a novel key distribution protocol with no key exchange in advance, which is secure as the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol. Our protocol utilizes a photon in superposition state for single-bit data transmission instead of a classical electrical/optical signal. The security of this protocol relies on the fact, that the arbitrary quantum state cannot be cloned, known as the no-cloning theorem. This protocol can be implemented with current technologies.
quantum cryptography
This document provides an introduction to quantum cryptography. It discusses how quantum cryptography solves the key distribution problem faced by conventional cryptography through the use of polarized photons and quantum properties like the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. The document summarizes the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol developed by Bennett and Brassard, in which Alice and Bob use randomly polarized photons to generate an encryption key. It also discusses some challenges for practical quantum cryptography implementations, like developing single photon sources and detectors and transmitting photons over long distances.
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This document provides an overview of quantum cryptography. It introduces key concepts like the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, photon polarization, and the need for quantum cryptography due to potential threats from quantum computers. The document describes how quantum key distribution works using protocols like BB84 to generate and test secure encryption keys between two parties by detecting any eavesdropping. It notes that working prototypes have been implemented over fiber optic cables and open air.
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Quantum Cryptography is the one of the most successul application of quantum computing/information theory.
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This document provides an overview of quantum cryptography, including:
- The BB84 protocol allows Alice and Bob to generate a shared secret key by Alice sending encoded photons and Bob measuring them to discard mismatched results.
- Quantum cryptography derives security from photons being altered when read, preventing interception without detection.
- Milestones include the first bank transfer using quantum cryptography in 2004 and distribution over 148.7 km in 2007.
- Quantum cryptography has applications in secure broadcast, network, banking and email communications.
quantum cryptography introduction for understanding
This document provides an introduction to quantum cryptography and the BB84 protocol. It explains that quantum cryptography can be used to distribute encryption keys with perfect secrecy by exploiting properties of quantum mechanics. The BB84 protocol is described, including how Alice and Bob can detect eavesdropping by Eve during key exchange by comparing measurements of test bits sent in random polarization bases. Current research at Warwick on formally specifying and verifying quantum cryptography protocols is also mentioned.
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Introduction to quantum cryptography
Dr. Janusz Kowalik gave a talk on quantum cryptography at IEEE in Seattle on February 9, 2005. He discussed how quantum cryptography provides unconditional secure key distribution by encoding information in photon polarization and transmitting photons between communicating parties. An eavesdropper attempting to intercept and measure the photons would introduce errors detectable by the legitimate communicators. While experimental quantum cryptography systems have been demonstrated over tens of kilometers using optical fibers, practical applications over longer distances still face challenges related to single photon generation and detection and noise interference.
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www.lifein01.com - for more info
Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks. The best-known example of quantum cryptography is a quantum key distribution which offers an information-theoretically secure solution to the key exchange problem. The advantage lies in the fact that it allows the completion of various cryptographic tasks that are proven or conjectured to be impossible using only classical communication. It is impossible to copy data encoded in a quantum state.
Shahzad quantum cryptography
This document provides an overview of quantum cryptography. It begins with definitions of cryptography and the history of quantum cryptography. Key concepts of quantum cryptography are then explained, including the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, photon polarization, and qubits. Common quantum cryptography protocols like BB84 and B92 are described. The document also discusses implementing quantum cryptography, advantages like virtually unhackable security, and disadvantages like high costs. In conclusion, quantum cryptography is presented as a promising technique for secure communication based on quantum physics.
Introduction to quantum cryptography Dr. Janusz Kowalik
Dr. Janusz Kowalik gave an IEEE talk on quantum cryptography in Seattle on February 9, 2005. He discussed how quantum cryptography uses photons and their polarization states to securely distribute encryption keys. By measuring photons in different polarization bases, users can detect if an eavesdropper has intercepted the key exchange. Experimental quantum cryptography systems have been demonstrated over distances up to 150 km using optical fibers or satellites. While the technology holds promise for unconditionally secure communication, challenges remain in building practical systems that can distribute keys over very long distances.
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Quantum Cryptography and Possible Attacks-slide
Quantum cryptography uses principles of quantum mechanics to securely distribute encryption keys. The BB84 protocol is a seminal quantum key distribution protocol that works as follows: Alice sends Bob polarized photons encoded with random key bits and basis choices. Bob measures the photons randomly in different bases. They communicate to discard mismatched bases, leaving a shared raw key. They test for errors from eavesdropping and apply privacy amplification to distill a final secure key. However, quantum cryptography is vulnerable to attacks like the faked-state attack, where an eavesdropper Eve blind's Bob's detectors and forces measurement outcomes to match her own. If successful, Eve can learn almost all the raw key without introducing errors.
Quantum cryptography
This document discusses quantum cryptography and its advantages over traditional cryptography. It begins by defining cryptography as restricting access to transmitted information even if intercepted. Then it explains the key distribution problem in traditional cryptography. Quantum cryptography solves this using photons and their quantum properties. The document outlines how photons can encode information and how their polarization allows secure key distribution between two parties via the BB84 protocol. It discusses current implementations of quantum cryptography over fiber and free space, as well as challenges like noise and distance. In conclusion, quantum cryptography promises virtually unhackable secure communication based on fundamental physics.
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This document discusses quantum cryptography and its advantages over classical cryptography. It introduces the key distribution problem in classical cryptography. Quantum cryptography uses principles of quantum mechanics like quantum bits that cannot be copied and photon polarization to securely distribute keys. The document describes the BB84 protocol for quantum key distribution where Alice and Bob use different polarization bases to generate a random key and detect eavesdropping. While promising, challenges remain in scaling the technology to longer distances and developing affordable devices.
Quantum Cryptography
This document discusses quantum cryptography and its advantages over traditional public key cryptography. It introduces the basics of quantum cryptography and describes the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol developed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984. This protocol uses principles of quantum mechanics to securely distribute a random secret key between two parties and allows for unconditionally secure communication when combined with one-time pad encryption. The document concludes that quantum cryptography has the potential to revolutionize secure communication by providing physically unhackable security based on the laws of quantum mechanics rather than mathematical algorithms vulnerable to advances in computing.
Quantum Cryptography and Possible Attacks
Course: Information Security
UPC - Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya
A forgotten presentation we did last year.
Just found it thanks to Arinto Murdopo :) http://www.slideshare.net/arinto
A Review on Quantum Cryptography Technology
Nowadays, the information is exchanged among the computer network. These data and information are involved in business, military, academic education, research and etc. which are shared around the world in both private and public network. Since, many categories of data are required restriction on authorization of access, modify, delete and insert, security in communication is increasingly important to the network communication. Currently, computer security applies mathematic theory to computer security for encrypting and decrypting on both sender and receiver. To use security attack with high performance computer (e.g. quantum computer), attacker can find a key and then obtains the data in feasible period. Quantum cryptography is one of the solutions that use property of polarization to ensure that transmitted data is not trapped by eavesdropper. Quantum cryptography is improved significantly in the last decades including the most two dominant protocol BB84 and BB92.
INTEGRATING IDENTITY-BASED CRYPTOGRAPHY IN IMS SERVICE AUTHENTICATION
Nowadays, the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a promising research field. Many ongoing works related to the security and the performances of its employment are presented to the research community. Although, the security and data privacy aspects are very important in the IMS global objectives, they observe little attention so far. Secure access to multimedia services is based on SIP and HTTP digest on top of IMS architecture. The standard deploys AKA-MD5 for the terminal authentication. The third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) provided Generic Bootstrapping Architecture (GBA) to authenticate the subscriber before accessing multimedia services over HTTP. In this paper, we propose a new IMS Service Authentication scheme using Identity Based cryptography (IBC). This new scheme will lead to better performances when there are simultaneous authentication requests using Identity-based Batch Verification. We analyzed the security of our new protocol and we presented a performance evaluation of its cryptographic operations.
QUANTUM THREE-PASS PROTOCOL: KEY DISTRIBUTION USING QUANTUM SUPERPOSITION STATES
This letter proposes a novel key distribution protocol with no key exchange in advance, which is secure as the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol. Our protocol utilizes a photon in superposition state for single-bit data transmission instead of a classical electrical/optical signal. The security of this protocol relies on the fact, that the arbitrary quantum state cannot be cloned, known as the no-cloning theorem. This protocol can be implemented with current technologies.
quantum cryptography
This document provides an introduction to quantum cryptography. It discusses how quantum cryptography solves the key distribution problem faced by conventional cryptography through the use of polarized photons and quantum properties like the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. The document summarizes the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol developed by Bennett and Brassard, in which Alice and Bob use randomly polarized photons to generate an encryption key. It also discusses some challenges for practical quantum cryptography implementations, like developing single photon sources and detectors and transmitting photons over long distances.
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quantum cryptography introduction for understanding
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Introduction to quantum cryptography Dr. Janusz Kowalik
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INTEGRATING IDENTITY-BASED CRYPTOGRAPHY IN IMS SERVICE AUTHENTICATION
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- 1. Quantum Crypto System “next generation information security”
- 2. International Journal Of Application (IEEE Xplore Abstract) Outline Heisenberg Uncertainty Theorem Non-Cloning Theorem BB84 Cryptography Protocol
- 3. What is Quantum Cryptography • Quantum Cryptography is modern approach for Information Security. • Its based on physical laws. • Two element of quantum mechanism : a. Heisenberg uncertainty theorem b. Principle of photon polarization Keywords are : Quantum cryptography , Quantum key distribution ,network security
- 4. Literature Review • Quantum Cryptography was recommended by Stephen Weisner in the early 1970. • In 1984 first quantum cryptography protocol called “BB84”.
- 5. Mechanism Of Quantum Cryptography • Quantum cryptosystems depend on two important components quantum mechanics –Heisenberg uncertainty theorem and principle of photon polarization .Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that , it is impossible to determine quantum state and polarization states that it is impossible to know about unknown qubits. Quantum key distribution (QKDS) Quantum information is stored as the state of atomic or sub-atomic particles and qubit is an elementary unit of quantum information .
- 6. Quantum Cryptography Protocols • In 1984,Bennett and Brassard proposed first quantum cryptographic protocol BB84. • This work for transmission over fiber optics cable and over free space. • Another protocols are B92 cryptography protocol , EPR cryptography protocol , Quantum teleportation etc.
- 7. BB84 protocol • Most popular quantum key distribution is based on BB84 cryptography protocol .It’s depend on non-cloning theorem of non-orthogonal quantum states.BB84 works as follows:- 1.sender (suppose Alice)sends out a series of single photons. For each photon one of two possible base states , one having the possible polarization direction up/down and left/right and another one is polarization with 45 .In each case actual polarization direction is is also arbitary selected.
- 8. Continue……
- 9. Continue…. • The receiver 2 • Receiver (Bob)detects polarization of photons with base states so, half of photons will be detected with wrong base states • Then Alice and Bob use a public communication channel to talk about states used for each photons and choose suitable base state photons. • And reject all photons with wrong base states.
- 10. Advantage • Third party easy detectable . • There is not need for complex mathematic computation, so it increase computation power so it is faster than traditional approach.