Quantum Computing Primer - Future of Scientific Computing: Opportunities for Disruptive Business Technologies
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Quantum Computing Primer - Future of Scientific Computing, covers the following: - Why you should Learn Quantum Computing - Quantum Computing Basics - Applications with Business Opportunities - Business and Technology Landscape
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Quantum Computing Primer - Future of Scientific Computing: Opportunities for Disruptive Business Technologies
- 1. QUANTUM COMPUTING PRIMER - 1 T h e f u t u r e o f S c i e n t i f i c C o m p u t i n g D r R a j n i s h M a l l i c k P r i n c i p a l S c i e n t i s t A p r i l 2 0 2 0 Courtesy: D-Wave Systems
- 2. 2 Be inquisitive and Stay Curious ! Can you identify the below mentioned equation and relate its importance in Quantum Computing? What is Quantum? Quantum: is the Latin word for amount and, in modern understanding, means the smallest possible discrete unit of any physical property, such as energy or matter. Historical account: Quantum came into the usage in 1900, when the physicist Max Planck used it in a presentation to the German Physical Society, On December 14, 1900. He introduced the idea of quantization for the first time as a part of his research on black-body radiation. Planck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery in 1918
- 3. AGENDA 3
- 4. 4 01 AGENDA • Motivation! Why you should learn Quantum Computing? • Basics of Quantum Computing • What is QC? • Classical Vs Quantum Computing - Bits Vs Qubits • Quantum Superposition & Entanglement • Applications of Quantum Computing - In Aerospace (Airbus, Lockheed Martin, NASA) - In other domains (Finance, Chemistry, Material. Science…) • Brief on P, NP problems and computational complexity
- 5. MOTIVATION: QUANTUM COMPUTING POWER Quantum Computer 100 Million Times Faster Than Regular Computer Chip* - Google's D-Wave 2X Integer Factorization** - Shor’s Algorithm Impossible for digital computers to factor large numbers which are the products of two primes of nearly equal size – Fundamental of public-key cryptography schemes such as the widely used RSA (Rivest–Shamir– Adleman) scheme Quantum Database Search*** - Grover’s Algorithm Example: To search the entire Library of Congress for one’s name given an unsorted database. Classical Computer – 100 years Quantum Computer – ½ second *https://ai.googleblog.com/2015/12/when-can-quantum-annealing-win.html **What is the Computational Value of Finite Range Tunneling? - 2016 *** Quantum Computers book by Jon Schiller – 2009 (page 56)
- 6. Technological Landscape and Business Impact *Atos Quantum, 2016 Why Quantum Computing? Impact verging on transformational
- 8. 8 Basics of Quantum Computing • What is a Quantum Computer • Classical Vs Quantum Computing - Bits Vs Qubits • Quantum Superposition & Entanglement 02
- 9. • A quantum computer is a machine that performs calculations based on the laws of quantum mechanics, which is the behavior of particles at the sub-atomic level. • It uses quantum mechanical phenomena to perform operations on data through superposition and entanglement using Quantum bits (Qubits). Classical Computer (Binary) A computer that uses voltages flowing through circuits and gates, which can be calculated entirely by classical mechanics using bits WHAT IS A QUANTUM COMPUTER?
- 10. 10 Classical Vs Quantum Computing Bits A building block of classical computational devices is a two-state system, characterized as, either 0 or 1. Qubits Qubit (or Quantum bit) is the quantum analogue of the classical binary bit. By virtue of Quantum Mechanics, Qubit can exist in a superposition of states Bits and Qubits Qubits leverages - Power of Exponentials!
- 11. 11 Quantum Superposition In general, the state of a qubit is described by: Where, α and β are complex numbers, satisfying, In general, a quantum computer with qubits can be in an arbitrary superposition of up to different states simultaneously Courtesy: https://newsroom.intel.com/press-kits/quantum-computing/
- 12. 12 Entanglement is the ability of quantum systems to exhibit correlations between states within a superposition. Imagine two qubits, each in the state |0> + |1> (a superposition of the 0 and 1.) We can entangle the two qubits such that the measurement of one qubit is always correlated to the measurement of the other qubit. Quantum Entanglement Quantum computing uses quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as, superposition and entanglement.
- 14. 14 Whether Quantum Computers are real or theoretical? Moment of Truth! Courtesy: D-Wave Systems Courtesy: D-Wave Systems
- 15. 15 Whether Quantum Computers are real or theoretical? Moment of Truth! Colder than Interstellar Space Courtesy: D-Wave Systems
- 17. 17 Applications of Quantum Computing • In Aerospace (Airbus, Lockheed Martin, NASA) • In other domains • Industrial research landscape… 03
- 18. 18 Applications of Quantum Computing • Optimization including planning & scheduling and fault diagnostics • Quantum Machine learning • Quantum communication and networks • Quantum simulations • Medicine & Materials • Supply Chain & Logistics • Financial Services • Artificial Intelligence Courtesy: D-Wave Systems
- 19. 19 Applications: In Aerospace (Airbus, Lockheed Martin, NASA) Airbus: - Fault Tree Analyses (FTAs) investigate the combination of local failures that result in global system failures, often with mission safety implications. - FTAs are relevant to aerospace systems - Integral part of certification process - NP-hard Lockheed Martin: - Discrete Optimization problems - Quantum Annealing - Training of Deep Neural Networks. Courtesy: NASA* *2017, 6th International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (SMC-IT), Spain
- 20. 20 QC: Companies & Business Impact COMPANIES SET FOR A QUANTUM LEAP IN COMPUTING Below mentioned 14 companies have the best QC-related roadmap, as they all are actively contributing to the quantum ‘Inflection- point’ IBM Google Microsoft Intel D-Wave Rigetti Airbus (Aero) Raytheon Toshiba NASA (Aero) Biogen Alibaba Lockheed Martin (Aero) British Telecom Quantum ‘Inflection- point
- 21. 21 QC: Companies & Business Impact Quantum Computing market (estimated by IBM to be currently $5-6 billion a year) to almost double, reaching $10 billion USD a year by 2025*. Quantum Computing Industry Landscape *Morgan Stanley Research
- 22. 22 Brief on P, NP problems and computational complexity NP-Complete problems Quantum Computers are likely to provide any more than a quadratic speedup to NP-Complete problems.
- 23. NEXT SESSION: SUGGESTIONS ARE WELCOME! Algorithm - Shor’Algorithm ? Quantum Properties ? Hardware? Applications ? Any other topic ? Quantum Computing Guild letters
- 24. 24 Answer Can you identify the below mentioned equation and relate its importance in Quantum Computing? Schrödinger equation
- 25. BE CLASSICAL, BE QUANTUM!
- 26. THANK YOU https://www.linkedin.com/in/drmallickrajnish/ D r R a j n i s h M a l l i c k https://www.linkedin.com/in/drmallickrajnish/ D r ra j n i s h . M a l l i c k @ g m a i l . c o m