This document summarizes a student project assessing the quality and safety of pedestrian sidewalks in Panipat City, India. The student measured sidewalk characteristics like width and surface condition at 5 areas: Anaj Mandi Chowk, Gohana Chowk, Sanjay Chowk, Red Light Chowk, and the Bus Stand. Site photos showed issues like narrow widths and encroachments. Pedestrian surveys found top complaints were small widths, unsafe speeds, and lack of signals/police. Measurements showed current conditions often below Indian Road Congress guidelines. The project aims to evaluate sidewalk quality and safety across the study area.

1. QUALITY AND SAFETY ASSESMENT OF
PEDESTRIANS SIDEWALK IN PANIPAT CITY
A PROJECT ON
BATCH 2014-18
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PANIPAT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to kurukshetra university, kurukshetra )
Submitted by :-
Karan verma
(2814726)

2. Pedestrians can generally be defined as persons walking or
jogging ,person using wheel chairs or mobility aids ,people
walking with their dogs, people with children’s strollers, in-line
skaters, and skateboarders and sidewalks plays an important
role in transportation, as they provide a safe path for people to
walk along that is separated from the motorized traffic . Our
project is on quality and safety assesment of pedestrians
sidewalk in Panipat city . The total area of Panipat city is 64
km2 and population is about 1,205,437. The safety of
pedestrians is important concern because Every year 5000
pedestrians are killed and 84000 pedestrians are injured.

3. As in 2015, India recorded 1,46,133 road accidents-related deaths
and 5,00,279 injuries and Haryana recorded 11,174 road
accidents and Panipat recorded 40 road accidents. In Panipat ,
our working area is from Anaj mandi to Bus stand and are 3.6
km apart and our work is to check safety and quality of
pedestrians at 5 areas.
The area under consideration are :-
1) Anaj mandi chowk
2) Gohana chowk
3) Sanjay chowk
4) Red light chowk
5) Bus stand

4. working area

5. As a pedestrian, it is your responsibility to make yourself
visible and avoid dangerous behavior and situations. When
possible, utilize the sidewalk and if not available you should
walk against the flow of traffic.
It is important for drivers to be aware of crossing pedestrians
At all times, whether they are in marked or unmarked
crosswalks. Obey the posted speed limit and always be
prepared to stop for pedestrians who may not see or hear
you.

6. Bicyclists share the responsibility of being both a
pedestrian and a vehicle. When on a pathway , a bicyclist
takes on the role of a pedestrian. Even as a pedestrian you
must travel at a safe speed, follow posted signs, and yield to
other pedestrian.

7. literature review
 Pedestrian safety is a problem all over the world. Each year
numerous pedestrian die or get severely injured in traffic
accidents. The majority of accidents occur in urban areas. The
reason for this is the constant interaction between vehicles and
pedestrian. Accidents come with a great cost for the victim and
for the society.
 Mustakim and Fujita (2011), developed accident predictive
models based on the data collected at rural roadway, Federal
Route 50 Malaysia. Multiple non-linear regression method was
used. The result verified that, the existing number of major
access points, without traffic light, rise in speed, increasing
number of AADT, growing number of motorcycle and motorcar
and reducing the time gap are the potential contributors of
increment accident rates on multiple rural roadway

8. To study the of main road.
To study the physical characteristics of footpaths like footpath
surface, Footpath width, obstructions, continuity etc.
To study the user characteristics of footpath like safety &
security, comfort etc.
To determine the share of pedestrians using footpaths and
adjoining carriage ways.
To bring out overall quality and safety assesment of footpaths
of selected roads and locations.
To study the dimensions of zebra crossing.

9. IRC GUIDELINES FOR SIDEWALK..
Requirements of pedestrian facilities and sidewalk have been
covered partially in some of the earlier IRC Standards for
instance IRC:70-1977 “GUIDELINES ON REGULATION
AND CONTROL OF MIXED TRAFFIC IN URBAN AREAS”
and IRC:86-1983 “ GEOMETRIC DESIGN STANDARDS
FOR URBAN ROADS IN PLAINS “
AS PER IRC:103-1989
SIDEWALK OR FOOTPATH
Provide on both side above the level of carriage way separated
by non-mountable kerb.

10. Width of sidewalk depends upon the expected pedestrians
flows as per the following table.
Height of kerb at the edge usually should not be exceeded to
150mm.

11. In shopping areas sidewalk increased by 1m treated as dead
width where as sidewalk adjacent to building & fences taken
as 0.5m for the area like heavy activity residential area, bus
stop, railway station should be suitably increased.
DESIGN LEVEL OF SERVICE FOR SIDEWALK
LOS A- Pedestrian space > 4.9 m2/person.
Flow rate is 12 p/min./m.
LOS B- Pedestrian space > 3.3-4.9 m2/person.
Flow rate is 12-15 p/min./m.
LOS C- Pedestrian space > 1.9-3.3 m2/person.
Flow rate is 15-21 p/min./m.

12. LOS D- Pedestrian space > 1.3-1.9 m2/person.
Flow rate is 21-27 p/min./m.
LOS E- Pedestrian space > 0.6-1.3 m2/person.
Flow rate is 27-45 p/min./m.
LOS F- Pedestrian space > 0.6 m2/person.
Flow rate varies.
Places width
Minimum obstacle free walkway width & residential/mixed use areas 1.8 m
Commercial/mixed use areas 2.50 m
Shopping frontages 3.5m to 4.5m
Bus stops 3m
High intensity commercial areas 4m

13. User Width
Minimum passage width –stick/walker user 750 mm
Minimum passage width –double crutch user 920 mm
Minimum passage width –adult and child 1100 mm
Minimum passage width –adult plus helper 1200 mm
Minimum passage width –adult plus guide dog 1100 mm
Minimum passage width –wheelchair user plus ambulant
person
1500 mm
Minimum passage width –single stroller 610 mm
Length of pram plus pusher 900 mm
Length of 95 percentile wheel chair 1250 mm
Length of wheelchair plus pusher 1750 mm
Length of adult plus guide dog 1500 mm

14. WHY PEDESTRIAN SAFETY ?
Wide roads have built without sidewalks or frequent crosswalks
and high-speed traffic makes these roadways particularly
deadly. In many areas, intersections with crosswalks may be as
much as a kilometer apart, leading pedestrians with no safe
way to cross the street.

15. WORKING AREAS UNDER CONSIDERATION
ARE :-
Our first working area is
anaj mandi where peak
hours of traffic is at
morning 7-10 a.m. and at
evening 4-7 p.m. and
some pictures related to
anaj mandi on current
location of pedestrians
are

17. Our second working area is
gohana chowk which is 1.7
km apart from anaj mandi
chowk where continuous
peak hours traffic is
maintained due to Gohana ,
Israna , Rohtak and Hisar
passengers etc. some pictures
related to Gohana chowk on
current location of
pedestrians are

19. Our third working area is
sanjay chowk which is
550m apart from gohana
chowk where continuous
flow of traffic due to local
passengers of sanoli road ,
jatal road etc. some pictures
related to sanjay chowk and
near by areas on current
location of pedestrians are

21. Our fourth working area is red
light chowk which is 1.0km
apart from sanjay chowk where
continous traffic flow due to
local passengers of model
town, jind passengers etc.
some pictures related to red
light chowk and near by areas
on current location of
pedestrians are

23. Our last working area is
bus stand which is 350m
apart from red light chowk
where continuous heavy
flow of traffic due to
different route passengers
like Delhi, Karnal, Safidon,
Yamunanagar, J&K,
Chandigarh, Sonipat etc.
some pictures related to
bus stand on current
location of pedestrians are

25. PEDESTRIANS VIEWS ON CURRENT
CONDITION OF PANIPAT CITY
 Width of footpath is small in heavy rush areas like red light,
bus stand, Anaj mandi etc.
 Vehicle speed is high at junctions.
 Traffic signals is not followed at junctions
 Absence of traffic police at junctions in some places.
 Footpath is covered by road sellers in some areas.
 No action is taken against opposite flow of traffic.
 No pedestrian signals and zebra crossing is provided at
junctions.
 Improper working of traffic signals and lack of lightning at
junctions.

26. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
A B C D E F G H
Pedestrian views on road condition
No.ofpedestrians
GRAPH ON PEDESTRIAN VIEWS
Where,
A = Width of footpath is small.
B = Traffic signals not followed at junctions.
C = Absence of traffic police at junctions.
D = Encroachment of footpath
E = No traffic signals at junctions.
F = Improper working of signals.
G = Bad condition of footpath.
H = Absence of bump at junctions.

27. Graph b/w irc recommendation &current situation of panipat
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Width of footpath width of zebra crossing
as per in Panipat city
as per IRC

28. Graph on height of kerb stone
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
height of kerb stone
as per in panipat
as per IRC

29. PROBLEM FACED BY PEDESTRIANS
a) Encroachment of footpath at sanjay
chowk
b) Encroachment of footpath at malik
petrol pump.

30. e) Bad condition of footpath near
sanjay chowk
d) Obstruction on footpath near
sanjay chowk
c) Obstruction on footpath near Hive
hotel

31. PROGRESSIVE REPORT
To study the physical characteristics of footpath
To study the characteristics of zebra crossing.
To study the pedestrians views on different working areas.

32. REFERENCES
 IRC : 70-1977
 IRC : 86-1983
 IRC : 103-1989