Pyoderma.pptx
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•100 views
Skin is the largest organ that protects the body from microbes and maintains homeostasis. Streptococci and staphylococci commonly cause skin infections, producing lesions ranging from minor to severe. The skin has a normal flora that colonizes it after birth and helps prevent infections by competing with pathogens and producing toxic fatty acids. Common pyodermas like folliculitis, furuncles, and carbuncles are often caused by Staphylococcus aureus infections of hair follicles when the skin barrier is broken by injury, disruption, or immunosuppression.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Skin and wound infection
The document summarizes bacterial, fungal, and viral skin infections and wound infections. It discusses the normal skin flora and how bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes can cause localized or spreading skin infections like boils, cellulitis, and impetigo. It also covers fungal infections caused by dermatophytes and Candida albicans, as well as viral infections like herpes, warts, and hand-foot-and-mouth disease. The document concludes by examining wound infections from surgery, burns, and Clostridium bacteria, along with their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Introduction mycology
This document provides an introduction to mycology, the study of fungi. It discusses the history of fungi being recognized as pathogens and outlines the key characteristics of fungi such as cell walls containing chitin. Fungi can be classified based on cell morphology into yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi. They can also be classified based on sexual reproduction into four classes. Common fungal infections like dermatophytosis and opportunistic infections are described. The document concludes by noting some useful properties of fungi such as food production and antibiotic production.
Medical Mycology.pptx
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that can be single-celled or multicellular. Their cell walls contain chitin and glucans. Fungi can cause superficial infections of the skin and nails, subcutaneous infections beneath the skin, and systemic infections of internal organs. Common fungal diseases include ringworm, athlete's foot, histoplasmosis, and coccidiomycosis. Fungi are classified based on their modes of reproduction and microscopic structures. Identification and diagnosis involves microscopic examination, culturing, and serological tests.
non specific host defenses
Non-specific host defenses provide three lines of protection against invading pathogens:
1. Anatomical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes form the first line of defense.
2. Innate immune responses like inflammation, fever, and phagocytosis from white blood cells are the second line of defense.
3. The third line of defense involves specific immune responses from antibodies and lymphocytes that target pathogens that breach the first two lines. Together, these non-specific defenses provide broad protection against microbes.
Normal Microflora of Human body
The document discusses the normal microbial flora that inhabit healthy humans. It is divided into resident and transient flora. The resident flora consists of microorganisms regularly found in a given area, while the transient flora inhabits areas temporarily. The four major phyla that make up most of the human microbiota are Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The normal flora varies across body sites like skin, mouth, respiratory and GI tracts. Maintaining the balance of the normal flora is important for health.
Lecture-1 Introduction to microbiology updated.pptx
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
CAP usually caused by a single organism
Even with extensive diagnostic testing, most investigators cannot identify a specific etiology for CAP in ≥ 50% of patients.
Caused by a variety of Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen 60-70% of the time
Inflammation overview
1. The document discusses inflammation, describing it as the body's protective response to injury or infection that helps rid the body of damaging stimuli and initiate repair of tissues.
2. It notes the four cardinal signs of inflammation as heat, redness, swelling, and pain, and explains the causes, types, and components of the inflammatory response.
3. The summary outlines the functions of inflammation in destroying pathogens, limiting their spread, and repairing damaged tissues, as well as the roles of plasma proteins, leukocytes, and tissue phagocytes in mounting an inflammatory response.
Mycology
1. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that do not contain chlorophyll and have cell walls. They can grow as filaments called hyphae and reproduce through spores.
2. Around 300 fungal species are known to be pathogenic to humans, causing infections of the skin, nails, mucous membranes, and various internal organs depending on factors like host immunity.
3. Common pathogenic fungi include Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, and dermatophytes that cause superficial infections. Opportunistic fungi can cause serious disease in immunocompromised individuals.
Recommended
Skin and wound infection
The document summarizes bacterial, fungal, and viral skin infections and wound infections. It discusses the normal skin flora and how bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes can cause localized or spreading skin infections like boils, cellulitis, and impetigo. It also covers fungal infections caused by dermatophytes and Candida albicans, as well as viral infections like herpes, warts, and hand-foot-and-mouth disease. The document concludes by examining wound infections from surgery, burns, and Clostridium bacteria, along with their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Introduction mycology
This document provides an introduction to mycology, the study of fungi. It discusses the history of fungi being recognized as pathogens and outlines the key characteristics of fungi such as cell walls containing chitin. Fungi can be classified based on cell morphology into yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi. They can also be classified based on sexual reproduction into four classes. Common fungal infections like dermatophytosis and opportunistic infections are described. The document concludes by noting some useful properties of fungi such as food production and antibiotic production.
Medical Mycology.pptx
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that can be single-celled or multicellular. Their cell walls contain chitin and glucans. Fungi can cause superficial infections of the skin and nails, subcutaneous infections beneath the skin, and systemic infections of internal organs. Common fungal diseases include ringworm, athlete's foot, histoplasmosis, and coccidiomycosis. Fungi are classified based on their modes of reproduction and microscopic structures. Identification and diagnosis involves microscopic examination, culturing, and serological tests.
non specific host defenses
Non-specific host defenses provide three lines of protection against invading pathogens:
1. Anatomical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes form the first line of defense.
2. Innate immune responses like inflammation, fever, and phagocytosis from white blood cells are the second line of defense.
3. The third line of defense involves specific immune responses from antibodies and lymphocytes that target pathogens that breach the first two lines. Together, these non-specific defenses provide broad protection against microbes.
Normal Microflora of Human body
The document discusses the normal microbial flora that inhabit healthy humans. It is divided into resident and transient flora. The resident flora consists of microorganisms regularly found in a given area, while the transient flora inhabits areas temporarily. The four major phyla that make up most of the human microbiota are Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The normal flora varies across body sites like skin, mouth, respiratory and GI tracts. Maintaining the balance of the normal flora is important for health.
Lecture-1 Introduction to microbiology updated.pptx
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
Microaspiration from nasopharynx: S. Pneumonia
Inhalation: TB, viruses, Legionella
Aspiration: anaerobes
Bloodborne: Staph endocarditis, septic emboli
Direct extension: trauma
CAP usually caused by a single organism
Even with extensive diagnostic testing, most investigators cannot identify a specific etiology for CAP in ≥ 50% of patients.
Caused by a variety of Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen 60-70% of the time
Inflammation overview
1. The document discusses inflammation, describing it as the body's protective response to injury or infection that helps rid the body of damaging stimuli and initiate repair of tissues.
2. It notes the four cardinal signs of inflammation as heat, redness, swelling, and pain, and explains the causes, types, and components of the inflammatory response.
3. The summary outlines the functions of inflammation in destroying pathogens, limiting their spread, and repairing damaged tissues, as well as the roles of plasma proteins, leukocytes, and tissue phagocytes in mounting an inflammatory response.
Mycology
1. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that do not contain chlorophyll and have cell walls. They can grow as filaments called hyphae and reproduce through spores.
2. Around 300 fungal species are known to be pathogenic to humans, causing infections of the skin, nails, mucous membranes, and various internal organs depending on factors like host immunity.
3. Common pathogenic fungi include Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, and dermatophytes that cause superficial infections. Opportunistic fungi can cause serious disease in immunocompromised individuals.
Normal flora of skin
- The skin has a normal flora of resident and transient microorganisms that protect against pathogens. Common resident bacteria include Staphylococcus epidermis and S. aureus. Fungal colonies such as Trichosporon cutaneum and Microsporum gypseum are also present.
- The skin flora provides protection from external invaders through competing for resources and producing antimicrobial substances. Some flora, like P. acnes, can stimulate immunity but also potentially cause infections under certain conditions.
- Factors like dryness, low pH from organic acids, and inhibitory substances in sweat and sebum help discourage colonization by pathogenic microorganisms on the skin.
Infections on surfaces.pptx
The document discusses normal flora and pathogenic bacteria that can infect surfaces in the body. It describes how different bacteria normally inhabit different body sites like the skin, oral cavity, intestines and urogenital tract. It also discusses sterile body sites. When bacteria spread from their normal sites and infect other surfaces, it can lead to diseases like endocarditis, osteomyelitis and prosthetic joint infections. Bacteria can form biofilms on surfaces, which makes surface infections difficult to treat.
Normal microflora ppt
The normal microbial flora of the human body includes diverse populations of microorganisms inhabiting different body sites. The composition of the flora varies by body region and is determined by environmental factors like pH, moisture and nutrients. The flora plays important roles in host health, aiding digestion and competing against pathogens. While usually harmless, elements of the flora can cause disease in immunocompromised hosts. The skin flora in particular is dominated by staphylococci and micrococci that vary in concentration between dry and moist skin sites.
Overview of Fungal Infections
Fungal infections can be caused by yeasts, molds, or dimorphic fungi. Superficial fungal infections include dermatophytosis (ringworm) and pityriasis versicolor. Subcutaneous fungal infections like sporotrichosis present as nodules that can drain or spread. Systemic fungal infections are caused by true pathogens that infect healthy hosts or opportunistic pathogens that infect immunocompromised individuals. Common opportunistic fungal infections are caused by Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, and Mucor molds. Diagnosis involves microscopy, culture, or antigen detection of fungi in clinical samples from infected sites.
Fungal diseases (Mycoses).ppt
The document discusses fungal diseases caused by fungi. It will describe how fungi cause disease and compare different types of fungal infections. There are four main groups of fungal diseases: superficial mycoses which do not involve tissue response; cutaneous mycoses which infect the skin, hair, and nails; subcutaneous mycoses which infect beneath the skin; and deep systemic mycoses which infect deep within the body. Opportunistic mycoses are caused by generally harmless fungi that can cause infection in individuals with weakened immune systems. Common opportunistic infections include candidiasis caused by Candida albicans.
fungal diseases in humans and animals
This document summarizes various fungal diseases that affect humans and animals. It describes five main groups of fungal diseases: superficial mycoses, cutaneous mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, systemic mycoses, and opportunistic mycoses. For each group, it provides examples of pathogenic fungi, the locations they infect, and the resulting diseases. It also discusses the transmission routes and typical symptoms for some of the major fungal diseases like blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, and histoplasmosis.
Microbiota cutaneo
The document discusses the skin microbiome and its role in atopic dermatitis (eczema). It notes that the skin hosts trillions of bacteria that create an ecosystem. Factors like location on the body, moisture levels, and individual characteristics can influence the types of microbes present. In eczema, skin barrier defects allow overgrowth of bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus that secrete toxins exacerbating inflammation. Studies show shifts in skin microbiota during eczema flares and treatment. A healthy microbiome including species like Staphylococcus epidermidis promotes skin immunity, while dysbiosis may increase eczema risk.
Tick Borne Diseases of Public Significance and Integrated Vector Management
This document discusses tick-borne diseases of public significance in Pakistan and integrated vector management strategies. It provides information on tick biology, classification, and life cycles. Several important tick-borne diseases are described, including Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and Q fever. The document outlines an integrated approach to vector management, including minimizing exposure to ticks, sanitation and exclusion methods, selective chemical control, and biological control using ants, birds, and parasitic wasps.
Staphylococcus by nissim
This document provides information on Staphylococcus, including:
- It is a gram positive coccus that occurs in grape-like clusters and was first observed in human lesions.
- Major species that colonize human skin include S. epidermidis and S. aureus.
- It is a facultative anaerobe that grows well on blood agar and produces beta hemolytic colonies. Identification involves gram staining and tests like catalase and coagulase.
- It can cause a variety of infections like skin abscesses, pneumonia, osteomyelitis and toxic shock syndrome. Virulence factors include adhesins, enzymes, and exotoxins. Antibiotic resistance is common.
Fungal infections part I
INTRODUCTION TO FUNGAL INFECTIONS, Classification of Fungal Infections (mycoses), Pityriasis versicolor, Tinea nigra, Black piedra, White piedra
ANES 1501 - M8 PPT2: Asepsis and Sterile Technique
This document discusses asepsis and sterile technique. It defines key terms related to microbes, pathogens, and infection. It describes the different types of human-microbe relationships like mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. It also discusses the various pathogens that can cause surgical site infections, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. The document outlines the principles of asepsis and sterility as well as the processes used to decontaminate, disinfect, and sterilize surgical instruments.
SMALL POX; Variola virus@variola major and variola minor.pptx
The document provides an overview of smallpox, including its history, morphology, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. It discusses that smallpox was the first disease to be eradicated through vaccination efforts. Key points include that smallpox is caused by variola virus, has an incubation period of 7-17 days and rash onset marks the most contagious period. Vaccination was critical to its global eradication, declared by WHO in 1980.
1. 2019_Jamur.pdf
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include molds, yeasts and dermatophytes. They obtain nutrients through absorption and can reproduce both sexually through spores and asexually through budding or fragmentation. Fungal infections, or mycoses, are a major cause of disease in humans and include cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic and opportunistic infections. Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections involves microscopic examination, culture and other tests to identify the causative fungus.
3 Bacterial infections derma lecture bacteria
This document provides information on bacterial skin infections (pyodermas). It discusses the main pathogens involved, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. It describes the pathogenesis of pyodermas and the factors that can contribute to their development. The document classifies pyodermas and provides details on specific types such as vesiculopustulosis, Finger's pseudofurunculosis, epidemic pemphigus of newborns, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, folliculitis, furuncle, and carbuncle. Treatment options are mentioned for severe infections like staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome which typically requires hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics.
CUTANEOUS MYCOSES.pdf
This document discusses cutaneous mycoses, including the causative organisms, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It describes several common fungal infections of the skin caused by dermatophytes, including athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch, and nail fungus. It provides details on the characteristic features of common dermatophyte genera (e.g. Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton) and discusses methods for laboratory diagnosis through direct microscopy, culture, and identification of fungal structures. Treatment involves topical and oral antifungal drugs while prevention focuses on maintaining good hygiene and cleanliness to avoid spreading fungal spores.
MYCOLOGY oyekan.pptx
Mycology has become clinically important due to rising immunocompromised patients. The document defines key terms related to fungi including their cell structure, types of growth (yeast, hyphae, molds), reproduction, and classification. It discusses several medically important superficial and cutaneous fungal infections caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and dimorphic fungi; and their diagnosis and treatment.
CHAPTER 5 - MICROPARA LECTURE HAHAHAHAH
This document summarizes the normal flora of the human body. It describes that microbial ecology is the study of microorganisms and their environments, including the relationship between microbes and humans. The normal flora, or indigenous flora, of the human body regularly inhabit specific areas, can inhibit pathogens, and provide benefits. Different areas of the body have characteristic normal flora, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus on the skin, and Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the intestines and vagina. The document provides details on the normal flora found across various sites of the human body.
A Bacteriological Study of Localized Skin Infection in Human Beings
Present paper represents the bacteriological study of localized skin infection in human. Pathogenic bacteria are causes the various disease including skin disease. Sample was collected from the infected person and pouring on the specific media and observed the bacterial colony after 24 48 hour. Skin disease causing bacteria Staphylococcus, Streptococcus was observed in abundance, Staphylococcus aureus was seen in abundance Streptococcus pyogens was present and Corynebactrerium spp. and cutibacterium acne was seen less abundance. These are responsible for skin infection so proper awareness and antibiotic treatment must be for prevention of the disease. Abhilasha Tank | Anand Verma | Sunil Kumar Bourasi ""A Bacteriological Study of Localized Skin Infection in Human Beings"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30000.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/microbiology/30000/a-bacteriological-study-of-localized-skin-infection-in-human-beings/abhilasha-tank
MICROFLORA.pptx
The document discusses the microbiome and microorganisms found at different body sites in humans. It notes that bacteria in the microbiome outnumber human cells 10 to 1 and play an important role in health. Common microbes found on the skin include Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus in the nose. The microbiota of the mouth includes Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, and Neisseria species. The vaginal microbiota typically features Lactobacillus species which inhibit pathogens. Microbes in the gut include Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Enterococcus.
1-Research Ethics.docx
This document provides an overview of research ethics and ethical principles. It discusses the different types of ethics including meta-ethics, prescriptive ethics, descriptive ethics, and applied ethics. The key principles of research ethics are described, including minimizing harm, obtaining informed consent, protecting anonymity and confidentiality, avoiding misleading practices, and providing the right to withdraw. Ethical issues in medical research and approaches to resolving ethical dilemmas are also summarized. Research misconduct involving fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism is defined.
Assignment.docx
The document assigns medical topics to study groups and provides evaluation criteria for a course. It divides students into 7 groups to research topics including aging, autoimmunity, seizures, motor function disorders, degenerative diseases, Guillain-Barre syndrome and congenital heart defects. It evaluates students based on their group assignment presentation, quizzes taken throughout the course, and a final exam, with group presentation being 25% of the grade and the exam being 60%
More Related Content
Similar to Pyoderma.pptx
Normal flora of skin
- The skin has a normal flora of resident and transient microorganisms that protect against pathogens. Common resident bacteria include Staphylococcus epidermis and S. aureus. Fungal colonies such as Trichosporon cutaneum and Microsporum gypseum are also present.
- The skin flora provides protection from external invaders through competing for resources and producing antimicrobial substances. Some flora, like P. acnes, can stimulate immunity but also potentially cause infections under certain conditions.
- Factors like dryness, low pH from organic acids, and inhibitory substances in sweat and sebum help discourage colonization by pathogenic microorganisms on the skin.
Infections on surfaces.pptx
The document discusses normal flora and pathogenic bacteria that can infect surfaces in the body. It describes how different bacteria normally inhabit different body sites like the skin, oral cavity, intestines and urogenital tract. It also discusses sterile body sites. When bacteria spread from their normal sites and infect other surfaces, it can lead to diseases like endocarditis, osteomyelitis and prosthetic joint infections. Bacteria can form biofilms on surfaces, which makes surface infections difficult to treat.
Normal microflora ppt
The normal microbial flora of the human body includes diverse populations of microorganisms inhabiting different body sites. The composition of the flora varies by body region and is determined by environmental factors like pH, moisture and nutrients. The flora plays important roles in host health, aiding digestion and competing against pathogens. While usually harmless, elements of the flora can cause disease in immunocompromised hosts. The skin flora in particular is dominated by staphylococci and micrococci that vary in concentration between dry and moist skin sites.
Overview of Fungal Infections
Fungal infections can be caused by yeasts, molds, or dimorphic fungi. Superficial fungal infections include dermatophytosis (ringworm) and pityriasis versicolor. Subcutaneous fungal infections like sporotrichosis present as nodules that can drain or spread. Systemic fungal infections are caused by true pathogens that infect healthy hosts or opportunistic pathogens that infect immunocompromised individuals. Common opportunistic fungal infections are caused by Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, and Mucor molds. Diagnosis involves microscopy, culture, or antigen detection of fungi in clinical samples from infected sites.
Fungal diseases (Mycoses).ppt
The document discusses fungal diseases caused by fungi. It will describe how fungi cause disease and compare different types of fungal infections. There are four main groups of fungal diseases: superficial mycoses which do not involve tissue response; cutaneous mycoses which infect the skin, hair, and nails; subcutaneous mycoses which infect beneath the skin; and deep systemic mycoses which infect deep within the body. Opportunistic mycoses are caused by generally harmless fungi that can cause infection in individuals with weakened immune systems. Common opportunistic infections include candidiasis caused by Candida albicans.
fungal diseases in humans and animals
This document summarizes various fungal diseases that affect humans and animals. It describes five main groups of fungal diseases: superficial mycoses, cutaneous mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, systemic mycoses, and opportunistic mycoses. For each group, it provides examples of pathogenic fungi, the locations they infect, and the resulting diseases. It also discusses the transmission routes and typical symptoms for some of the major fungal diseases like blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, and histoplasmosis.
Microbiota cutaneo
The document discusses the skin microbiome and its role in atopic dermatitis (eczema). It notes that the skin hosts trillions of bacteria that create an ecosystem. Factors like location on the body, moisture levels, and individual characteristics can influence the types of microbes present. In eczema, skin barrier defects allow overgrowth of bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus that secrete toxins exacerbating inflammation. Studies show shifts in skin microbiota during eczema flares and treatment. A healthy microbiome including species like Staphylococcus epidermidis promotes skin immunity, while dysbiosis may increase eczema risk.
Tick Borne Diseases of Public Significance and Integrated Vector Management
This document discusses tick-borne diseases of public significance in Pakistan and integrated vector management strategies. It provides information on tick biology, classification, and life cycles. Several important tick-borne diseases are described, including Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and Q fever. The document outlines an integrated approach to vector management, including minimizing exposure to ticks, sanitation and exclusion methods, selective chemical control, and biological control using ants, birds, and parasitic wasps.
Staphylococcus by nissim
This document provides information on Staphylococcus, including:
- It is a gram positive coccus that occurs in grape-like clusters and was first observed in human lesions.
- Major species that colonize human skin include S. epidermidis and S. aureus.
- It is a facultative anaerobe that grows well on blood agar and produces beta hemolytic colonies. Identification involves gram staining and tests like catalase and coagulase.
- It can cause a variety of infections like skin abscesses, pneumonia, osteomyelitis and toxic shock syndrome. Virulence factors include adhesins, enzymes, and exotoxins. Antibiotic resistance is common.
Fungal infections part I
INTRODUCTION TO FUNGAL INFECTIONS, Classification of Fungal Infections (mycoses), Pityriasis versicolor, Tinea nigra, Black piedra, White piedra
ANES 1501 - M8 PPT2: Asepsis and Sterile Technique
This document discusses asepsis and sterile technique. It defines key terms related to microbes, pathogens, and infection. It describes the different types of human-microbe relationships like mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. It also discusses the various pathogens that can cause surgical site infections, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. The document outlines the principles of asepsis and sterility as well as the processes used to decontaminate, disinfect, and sterilize surgical instruments.
SMALL POX; Variola virus@variola major and variola minor.pptx
The document provides an overview of smallpox, including its history, morphology, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. It discusses that smallpox was the first disease to be eradicated through vaccination efforts. Key points include that smallpox is caused by variola virus, has an incubation period of 7-17 days and rash onset marks the most contagious period. Vaccination was critical to its global eradication, declared by WHO in 1980.
1. 2019_Jamur.pdf
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include molds, yeasts and dermatophytes. They obtain nutrients through absorption and can reproduce both sexually through spores and asexually through budding or fragmentation. Fungal infections, or mycoses, are a major cause of disease in humans and include cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic and opportunistic infections. Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections involves microscopic examination, culture and other tests to identify the causative fungus.
3 Bacterial infections derma lecture bacteria
This document provides information on bacterial skin infections (pyodermas). It discusses the main pathogens involved, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. It describes the pathogenesis of pyodermas and the factors that can contribute to their development. The document classifies pyodermas and provides details on specific types such as vesiculopustulosis, Finger's pseudofurunculosis, epidemic pemphigus of newborns, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, folliculitis, furuncle, and carbuncle. Treatment options are mentioned for severe infections like staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome which typically requires hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics.
CUTANEOUS MYCOSES.pdf
This document discusses cutaneous mycoses, including the causative organisms, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It describes several common fungal infections of the skin caused by dermatophytes, including athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch, and nail fungus. It provides details on the characteristic features of common dermatophyte genera (e.g. Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton) and discusses methods for laboratory diagnosis through direct microscopy, culture, and identification of fungal structures. Treatment involves topical and oral antifungal drugs while prevention focuses on maintaining good hygiene and cleanliness to avoid spreading fungal spores.
MYCOLOGY oyekan.pptx
Mycology has become clinically important due to rising immunocompromised patients. The document defines key terms related to fungi including their cell structure, types of growth (yeast, hyphae, molds), reproduction, and classification. It discusses several medically important superficial and cutaneous fungal infections caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and dimorphic fungi; and their diagnosis and treatment.
CHAPTER 5 - MICROPARA LECTURE HAHAHAHAH
This document summarizes the normal flora of the human body. It describes that microbial ecology is the study of microorganisms and their environments, including the relationship between microbes and humans. The normal flora, or indigenous flora, of the human body regularly inhabit specific areas, can inhibit pathogens, and provide benefits. Different areas of the body have characteristic normal flora, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus on the skin, and Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the intestines and vagina. The document provides details on the normal flora found across various sites of the human body.
A Bacteriological Study of Localized Skin Infection in Human Beings
Present paper represents the bacteriological study of localized skin infection in human. Pathogenic bacteria are causes the various disease including skin disease. Sample was collected from the infected person and pouring on the specific media and observed the bacterial colony after 24 48 hour. Skin disease causing bacteria Staphylococcus, Streptococcus was observed in abundance, Staphylococcus aureus was seen in abundance Streptococcus pyogens was present and Corynebactrerium spp. and cutibacterium acne was seen less abundance. These are responsible for skin infection so proper awareness and antibiotic treatment must be for prevention of the disease. Abhilasha Tank | Anand Verma | Sunil Kumar Bourasi ""A Bacteriological Study of Localized Skin Infection in Human Beings"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30000.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/microbiology/30000/a-bacteriological-study-of-localized-skin-infection-in-human-beings/abhilasha-tank
MICROFLORA.pptx
The document discusses the microbiome and microorganisms found at different body sites in humans. It notes that bacteria in the microbiome outnumber human cells 10 to 1 and play an important role in health. Common microbes found on the skin include Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus in the nose. The microbiota of the mouth includes Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, and Neisseria species. The vaginal microbiota typically features Lactobacillus species which inhibit pathogens. Microbes in the gut include Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Enterococcus.
Similar to Pyoderma.pptx (20)
Tick Borne Diseases of Public Significance and Integrated Vector Management
Tick Borne Diseases of Public Significance and Integrated Vector Management
ANES 1501 - M8 PPT2: Asepsis and Sterile Technique
ANES 1501 - M8 PPT2: Asepsis and Sterile Technique
SMALL POX; Variola virus@variola major and variola minor.pptx
SMALL POX; Variola virus@variola major and variola minor.pptx
A Bacteriological Study of Localized Skin Infection in Human Beings
A Bacteriological Study of Localized Skin Infection in Human Beings
More from ssuser188360
1-Research Ethics.docx
This document provides an overview of research ethics and ethical principles. It discusses the different types of ethics including meta-ethics, prescriptive ethics, descriptive ethics, and applied ethics. The key principles of research ethics are described, including minimizing harm, obtaining informed consent, protecting anonymity and confidentiality, avoiding misleading practices, and providing the right to withdraw. Ethical issues in medical research and approaches to resolving ethical dilemmas are also summarized. Research misconduct involving fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism is defined.
Assignment.docx
The document assigns medical topics to study groups and provides evaluation criteria for a course. It divides students into 7 groups to research topics including aging, autoimmunity, seizures, motor function disorders, degenerative diseases, Guillain-Barre syndrome and congenital heart defects. It evaluates students based on their group assignment presentation, quizzes taken throughout the course, and a final exam, with group presentation being 25% of the grade and the exam being 60%
8-Vein disorder.pptx
The document discusses various disorders of the veins including phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, deep vein thrombosis, varicose veins, and lymphadenitis/lymphangitis. Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein caused by chemical or mechanical irritation. Thrombophlebitis refers to inflammation and clot formation in veins. Treatment includes discontinuing IVs and applying warm compresses. Deep vein thrombosis occurs when deep leg veins are obstructed, causing swelling. Varicose veins are dilated, tortuous superficial leg veins. Lymphadenitis is lymph node inflammation while lymphangitis is inflammation of lymphatic vessels, often caused by streptococcus bacteria.
Carbuncle.pptx
1. Folliculitis is an inflammation of hair follicles that can be caused by bacterial, fungal or viral infections. It can range from superficial to deep infections.
2. Boils (furuncles) are deep, painful abscesses that develop within a hair follicle, often evolving from a preceding folliculitis. Carbuncles are clusters of furuncles that are even deeper and more extensive than individual furuncles.
3. Treatment for folliculitis involves keeping the area clean and using topical antibiotics. Boils and carbuncles often require incision, drainage and a course of systemic antibiotics to resolve the infection. Recurrence is possible if the predisposing causes are not
2. Approach to dermatologic diagnosis.pptx
This document provides an overview of the approach to dermatologic diagnosis. It discusses taking a thorough patient history including symptoms, onset, duration, treatments, and family history. A full physical examination of the skin is important, examining lesions under good light. Primary skin lesions like macules, papules, plaques, nodules, and tumors are described. Secondary lesions including scales, crusts, erosions, ulcers, and scars are also outlined. Special examination techniques like magnification, diascopy, Wood's lamp, and skin biopsies are mentioned which can aid in diagnosis.
1. Introduction to integumentary system.pptx
The skin is the largest organ of the body, composed of three layers - the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The epidermis is made up of keratinocytes that produce keratin, and contains melanocytes, Langerhans cells and Merkel cells. The dermis lies below the epidermis and is composed mainly of collagen, elastin and fibroblasts. It contains hair follicles, sweat glands and blood vessels. The subcutaneous tissue lies below the dermis and contains fat cells. The skin acts as a protective barrier and plays roles in temperature regulation, immunity and vitamin D synthesis.
More from ssuser188360 (6)
Recently uploaded
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Do you have abnormal smell after periods? It may be vaginitis. Do not worry, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can help you get a cure.
MERCURY GROUP.BHMS.MATERIA MEDICA.HOMOEOPATHY
Mercurius is named after the roman god mercurius, the god of trade and science. The planet mercurius is named after the same god. Mercurius is sometimes called hydrargyrum, means ‘watery silver’. Its shine and colour are very similar to silver, but mercury is a fluid at room temperatures. The name quick silver is a translation of hydrargyrum, where the word quick describes its tendency to scatter away in all directions.
The droplets have a tendency to conglomerate to one big mass, but on being shaken they fall apart into countless little droplets again. It is used to ignite explosives, like mercury fulminate, the explosive character is one of its general themes.
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
DECLARATION OF HELSINKI - History and principles
This SlideShare presentation provides a comprehensive overview of the Declaration of Helsinki, a foundational document outlining ethical guidelines for conducting medical research involving human subjects.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.com
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Ketone bodies and metabolism-biochemistry
This slide consists of all the topics of ketone . This can be used for exam purpose for writing about Diabetic keto acidosis etc . Thank you
pathology MCQS introduction to pathology general pathology
pathology MCQS introduction to pathology general pathology
Top Travel Vaccinations in Manchester
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
Recently uploaded (20)
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Outbreak management including quarantine, isolation, contact.pptx
Outbreak management including quarantine, isolation, contact.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
pathology MCQS introduction to pathology general pathology
pathology MCQS introduction to pathology general pathology
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
Pyoderma.pptx
- 2. INTYODRUCTION Skin is largest organ of body Maintains homeostasis, protects underlying tissues and organs, protects body from mechanical injury, microbial , damaging substances, and ultraviolet rays of sun. 2
- 3. • In immunocompetent patients, streptococci and staphylococci cause the majority of skin infections, producing a spectrum of skin lesions ranging from common to rare . 3
- 4. NORMAL HUMAN SKIN • Colonized soon after birth by a large number of bacteria that live as commensals on the epidermis and epidermal appendages. 4
- 5. Normal skin flora classification organisms location Aerobic cocci Staphylococcus aureus** S. saprophyticus S. epidermidis Micrococcus luteus All body sites, especially intertriginous areas Coryneform aerobes Corynebacterium minutissimum C. lipophilicus C. xerois Brevibacterium epidermidis intertriginous areas (axillae, inguinal, toe web) Anaerobic corynebacterium Propionibacterium acnes P. granulosum P. avidum Sebaceous glands, follicles Gram negative bacteria Acinebacter spp. Axilla, inguinal, arm pits Yeasts Malassezia furfur Sebaceous glands- rich areas (scalp) 5
- 6. The role of the normal flora • PREVENT SKIN INFECTIONS –by providing ecological competition for pathogenic microorganisms . –by hydrolyzing lipids of sebum to produce free fatty acids, which are toxic to many bacteria. 6
- 7. COMMON PYODERMAS • FOLLICULITIS is inflammation of hair follicles from Infection. • A furuncle develops when the entire follicle and surrounding tissue are involved. • A carbuncle develops When cluster of follicles involved. 7
- 8. Epidemiology →S. aureus permanently colonizes the anterior nares in 20 % of the population. 8
- 9. Etiologies • S.aureus -is the most common infectious cause of Bacterial folliculitis,Furuncle & curbuncle. 9
- 10. . PATHOGENESIS • One of the main virulence factors of S. aureus is the production of adhesins that facilitate binding to host epithelial cell surfaces. • Like as teichoic acid, lipoteichoic acid, fibronectin-binding proteins. 10
- 11. Host related factors - Pre-existing tissue injury or inflammation (surgical wound, burn, trauma) - Maceration, shaving, chronic wounds, excoriation of pruritic insect bites, and disruption of the epidermal barrier by other pathogens. - Immunosuppression, -Glucocorticoid therapy, and atopy 11
- 12. Broken skin allows Bacteria to enter 12
- 13. Unbroken skin prevents entrance of bacteria . 13
Editor's Notes
- effective in the majority of bacterial skin infections, an increase in the prevalence of community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA)is a growing concern
- *Whether or not S. aureus is a true resident or contaminant of the skin is a matter of controversy. However, it is commonly found in the anterior nares (3S% of population), perineum (20%), and axillae and toe webs (5-10%). IS. epidermidis is the most common coccus on human skin.
- The acidic milieu which results inhibits the growth of other organisms such as Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Various surface components of S. aureus, such as teichoic acid, lipoteichoic acid, fi bronectin-binding proteins, and type 5 and type 8 capsular polysaccharides, have all been implicated as substances responsible for, or contributing to, binding of the organism in the nose